02359nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245011200055210006900167260009500236300001200331490000800343520134200351653003101693653001701724653002801741653002301769653002601792653002301818100002801841700002501869700002101894700002001915700003101935856012701966       2012                        eng d  a0021-979700aEnhanced permeation, leaf retention, and plant protease inhibitor activity with bicontinuous microemulsions0 aEnhanced permeation leaf retention and plant protease inhibitor   a525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USAbACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCEcOCT  a177-1830 v3833 a<p>Bicontinuous microemulsions (BCMEs) have excellent solubulizing properties along with low interfacial tension and aqueous content that can be controlled. In this work, water soluble plant protease inhibitor (PI), well characterized for its activity against insect pests, was incorporated into a BCME system and explored for permeation on hydrophobic leaf surfaces and protease inhibition activity. The bicontinuous nature of the microemulsion containing water:2-propanol:1-butanol (55:35:10 w/w) was characterized using conductivity and self-diffusion coefficient measurements. The PI was soluble in the water-rich bicontinuous domains, stable in the microemulsions, and protease inhibition activity was retained for a prolonged duration. The microemulsions ensured greater wettability and a wider spread of the PI on hydrophobic leaf surfaces as revealed by contact angle measurements. Significantly, trypsin inhibition activity assays of the PI recovered from the leaves after delivery from the microemulsion indicated a significant increase in the PI retention on the leaf. This BCME enabled greater leaf permeation and retention of the PI can be attributed to a temporary disruption of the waxy leaf surface followed by self-repair without causing any long term damage to the plant. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p>10aBicontinuous microemulsion10aBiopesticide10aMicroemulsion pesticide10aprotease inhibitor10aProtein encapsulation10aProtein permeation1 aTamhane, Vaijayanti, A.1 aDhaware, Deepika, G.1 aKhandelwal, Neha1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aPanchagnula, Venkateswarlu  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhanced-permeation-leaf-retention-and-plant-protease-inhibitor-activity-bicontinuous-002436nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260011000239300001400349490000600363520149000369100002701859700001701886700002101903700002001924700002101944700002501965700002101990700002302011700003102034856012902065       2014                        eng d  a1759-966000aMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analysis of dimethyl arginine isomers from urine0 aMatrixassisted laser desorptionionization mass spectrometry anal  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcAPR  a4602-46090 v63 a<p>Isomeric asymmetric and symmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA and SDMA respectively) residues are excreted in urine and are putative markers of cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. In this work, we demonstrate simultaneous and quantitative detection of endogeneous ADMA and SDMA from urine samples of healthy subjects using MALDI-TOF MS without any chromatographic separation. The DMA isomers yielded [M + H](+) ions along with their product ions formed due to MALDI in-source fragmentation. The precursor ions were validated using MALDI-TOF MS/MS as well as direct injection ESI-Q-TOF MS/MS. ADMA and SDMA generated unique product ions at similar to m/z 46 and similar to m/z 172 respectively in the MS-mode itself. These were advantageously used for full scan-mode absolute quantification of the isomeric metabolites. The m/z observed for all the ions was within 10 ppm mass accuracy. The calibration method was established by generating internal standard normalized peak area-based concentration response curves using synthetic standards. Good linearities (R-2 &gt; 0.95) with acceptable intra-assay, inter-assay variation (within 15% RSD) and excellent recoveries were observed for quality control samples. Finally, endogeneous concentrations of the metabolites were determined in urine from healthy subjects (n = 11). ADMA and SDMA were found to be in the range of 1.6-8 mu M and 2.9-9.1 mu M in urine and were in agreement with previously reported physiological levels.</p>1 aBhattacharya, Nivedita1 aSingh, Ajeet1 aGhanate, Avinash1 aPhadke, Gayatri1 aParmar, Dharmesh1 aDhaware, Deepika, G.1 aBasak, Trayambak1 aSengupta, Shantanu1 aPanchagnula, Venkateswarlu  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/matrix-assisted-laser-desorptionionization-mass-spectrometry-analysis-dimethyl-arginine-0