02496nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245011300055210006900168260009300237300000800330490000600338520148200344653001901826653002501845653001101870653002101881653001301902100001801915700002501933700002201958700001801980700001901998700002002017700002502037700001702062856012702079 2013 eng d a2193-180100aOxidoreductase from `Alphonso' mango catalyzing biosynthesis of furaneol and reduction of reactive carbonyls0 aOxidoreductase from Alphonso mango catalyzing biosynthesis of fu aGEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLANDbSPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AGcOCT a4940 v23 a

Two furanones, furaneol (4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone) and mesifuran (2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone), are important constituents of flavor of the Alphonso cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica). To get insights into the biosynthesis of these furanones, we isolated an enone oxidoreductase gene from the Alphonso mango. It has high sequence similarity to an alkenal/one oxidoreductase from cucumber (79% identity) and enone oxidoreductases from tomato (73% identity) and strawberry (72% identity). The complete open reading frame was expressed in E. coli and the (his) 6-tagged recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography. The purified protein assayed with NADH as a reducing agent converted D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate into furaneol, the immediate precursor of mesifuran. The enzyme was also able to convert two highly reactive carbonyls, 3-buten-2-one and 1-penten-3-one, produced by lipid peroxidation in plants, into their saturated derivatives. Expression profiling in various ripening stages of Alphonso fruits depicted an expression maxima at 10 days after harvest stage, shortly before the appearance of the maximum amount of furanones (completely ripe stage, 15 days after harvest). Although no furanones were detected at the 0 day after harvest stage, significant expression of this gene was detected in the fruits at this stage. Overall, the results suggest that this oxidoreductase plays important roles in Alphonso mango fruits.

10aDetoxification10aEnone oxidoreductase10aFlavor10aMangifera indica10aRipening1 aKulkarni, Ram1 aChidley, Hemangi, G.1 aDeshpande, Ashish1 aSchmidt, Axel1 aPujari, Keshav1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aGershenzon, Jonathan1 aGupta, Vidya uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/oxidoreductase-alphonso-mango-catalyzing-biosynthesis-furaneol-and-reduction-reactive-002638nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245013500055210006900190260000800259300001200267490000800279520176200287653002702049653001602076653002302092653001502115653002802130100002102158700002202179700001702201700002002218700002002238856012602258 2019 eng d a0964-830500aBiodegradation of squalene and n-hexadecane by Gordonia amicalis HS-11 with concomitant formation of biosurfactant and carotenoids0 aBiodegradation of squalene and nhexadecane by Gordonia amicalis  cAUG a172-1810 v1423 a

Gordonia amicalis HS-11 has been enriched from a hydrocarbon contaminated tropical soil sample. The ability of this organism to utilize a triterpenic polyunsaturated hydrocarbon, squalene (2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-6,6,10,14,18,20-tetracosahexane) and the model saturated hydrocarbon n-hexadecane is described here. The isolate degraded squalene and n-hexadecane (79 +/- 3.02 and 96 +/- 4.11%, respectively) after eight days of incubation. The isolate produced an extracellular biosurfactant that reduced surface tension from 69 +/- 2.83 to 40 +/- 1.63 and 35 +/- 2.34 mN m(-1) with squalene and n-hexadecane as carbon sources, respectively, after 6 days. The Actinomycete cleaved squalene to geranylacetone and famesyl acetaldehyde that were further utilized for supporting growth. n-Hexadecane was degraded via monoterminal oxidation and activities of important enzymes (alkane hydroxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase) were highest (215 +/- 8.76 and 169 +/- 6.02 units mg(-1) protein, respectively) after four days. Cells grown on squalene were short and with n-hexadecane there were clumps of longer cells. Squalene and n-hexadecane-grown cell surfaces were smooth possibly due to extracellular surface active compounds. While growing on hydrophobic substrates, some cells were seen adhering to droplets and others were in the free form. The culture was able to simultaneously degrade hydrocarbons and produce two commercially relevant value-added products. The yield of the extracellular biosurfactant on n-hexadecane was 480 mg l(-1) and cells grown on squalene and n-hexadecane also yielded carotenoids (2.3 +/- 0.14 and 2.9 +/- 0.10 mg g(-1) dry cell weight, respectively). This is the first report on the utilization of squalene by Gordonia.

10aAerobic biodegradation10aCarotenoids10aCatabolic pathways10aEmulsifier10aGordonia amicalis HS-111 aSowani, Harshada1 aDeshpande, Ashish1 aGupta, Vidya1 aKulkarni, Mohan1 aZinjarde, Smita uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biodegradation-squalene-and-n-hexadecane-gordonia-amicalis-hs-11-concomitant-formation01978nas a2200229 4500008004100000245012100041210006900162260000800231300000800239490000600247520116300253653003501416653002301451653002101474653002701495653002901522100001801551700002201569700001601591700001701607856012401624 2019 eng d00aMetabolomic dynamics reveals oxidative stress in spongy tissue disorder during ripening of mangifera indica l. fruit0 aMetabolomic dynamics reveals oxidative stress in spongy tissue d cNOV a2550 v93 a

Spongy tissue disorder, a mesocarp specific malady, severely affects the flavor and pulp characters of Alphonso mango fruit reducing its consumer acceptability. Here, we investigated comparative metabolomic changes that occur during ripening in healthy and spongy tissue-affected fruits using high resolution mass spectrometric analysis. During the spongy tissue formation, 46 metabolites were identified to be differentially accumulated. These putative metabolites belong to various primary and secondary metabolic pathways potentially involved in maintaining the quality of the fruit. Analysis revealed metabolic variations in tricarboxylic acid cycle and gamma amino butyric acid shunt generating reactive oxygen species, which causes stressed conditions inside the mesocarp. Further, reduced levels of antioxidants and enzymes dissipating reactive oxygen species in mesocarp deteriorate the fruit physiology. This oxidative stress all along affects the level of amino acids, sugars and enzymes responsible for flavor generation in the fruit. Our results provide metabolic insights into spongy tissue development in ripening Alphonso mango fruit.

10agamma amino butyric acid shunt10amango metabolomics10aOxidative stress10aspongy tissue disorder10atricarboxylic acid cycle1 aOak, Pranjali1 aDeshpande, Ashish1 aGiri, Ashok1 aGupta, Vidya uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/metabolomic-dynamics-reveals-oxidative-stress-spongy-tissue-disorder-during-ripening02574nas a2200337 4500008004100000022001400041245017400055210006900229260000800298300001100306490000800317520145400325653002101779653001301800653002701813653001801840653002301858100001801881700001601899700002201915700001901937700001901956700002001975700001901995700002602014700002402040700001602064700001602080700001702096856012302113 2022 eng d a0925-521400aTranscriptional and translational perturbation in abiotic stress induced physiological activities and metabolic pathway networks in spongy tissue disorder of mango fruit0 aTranscriptional and translational perturbation in abiotic stress cJUN a1118800 v1883 a

Spongy tissue formation is economically the most detrimental but agriculturally less focused physiological disorder in mango. `Alphonso' cultivar is highly prone to oxidative stress induced spongy tissue disorder impacting biochemical and metabolic profile, thereby affecting pulp quality and nutritional value of the fruit. In the present study, comparative analysis of spongy and healthy mesocarp tissues of `Alphonso' mango by transcriptomics using Illumina sequencing and proteomics using LC-MS approaches, respectively identified and quantified many genes and proteins in the metabolic pathways responsible for the spongy tissue development. The table green and the mid ripe stages of `Alphonso' fruit ripening were evaluated by the transcriptomic study and outcomes were validated using proteomic investigations for all the four ripening stages. Colossal amount of data including 30,582 transcripts, 10,800 gene ontologies and 387 putative proteins was generated from this analysis. Current multi-omics exploration revealed the development of abiotic stress (mainly oxidative stress) induced perturbations in various metabolic pathways and their interconnections, leading to the spongy tissue formation in mango. This further unfolded the altered cell wall degradation, ethylene and flavonoid biosynthesis, fruit ripening and flavor formation, thus hampering the fruit specific characteristics in mango with spongy tissue disorder.

10aOxidative stress10aProteome10aspongy tissue disorder10aTranscriptome10a` Alphonso ` mango1 aOak, Pranjali1 aJha, Vineet1 aDeshpande, Ashish1 aTanpure, Rahul1 aDawkar, Vishal1 aMundhe, Swapnil1 aGhuge, Sandeep1 aPrabhudesai, Shrikant1 aKrishanpal, Anamika1 aJere, Abhay1 aGiri, Ashok1 aGupta, Vidya uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/transcriptional-and-translational-perturbation-abiotic-stress-induced-physiological