02727nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260007700222300001200299490000600311520190900317653001702226653002002243653001602263653002902279653002402308100002702332700002502359856012502384       2008                        eng d  a1861-472800aVan der waals and polar intermolecular contact distances: quantifying supramolecular synthons0 aVan der waals and polar intermolecular contact distances quantif  aPO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcAPR  a868-8800 v33 a<p>Crystal structures are viewed as being determined by ranges and constraints on interatomic contact distances between neighboring molecules. These distances are considered to arise from environment-dependent atomic sizes, that is, larger sizes for isotropic, van der Waals type contacts and smaller sizes for more-polar, possibly ionic contacts. Although the idea of different, or anisotropic, radii for atoms is not new, we developed a method of obtaining atomic sizes that is based on a theoretical framework. Using different atomic sizes for the same atom in different environments, we were able to rationalize some structural observations and anomalies. For example, benzene with the Pbca structure may be described in terms of two types of C center dot center dot center dot H interactions: a longer contact largely of the van der Waals type, and a shorter, structure-determining type (C delta-center dot center dot center dot H delta+), which we term ``n-polar''. Our approach is illustrated with three examples: 1) the equivalence in crystal packing of fluorobenzene, benzonitrile, pyridine N-oxide, and pyridine/HF 1:1 molecular complex, all of which take the not-so-common tetragonal P4(1)2(1)2 space group and are practically isomorphous; 2) the similarity of the Pa3 acetylene and Pbca benzene crystal structures; and 3) the equivalence between an increase in pressure and an increase in the ``n-polar'' contacts in Pbca benzene; in other words, the equivalence between hydrostatic pressure and chemical pressure. In the context of crystal engineering, we describe a method whereby the topological information conveyed in a supramolecular synthon is recast in a more quantitative manner. A particular synthon, and in turn the crystal structure to which it leads, is viable within small ranges of distances of its constituent atoms, and these distances are determined by chemical factors.</p>10aatomic radii10abenzene crystal10aengineering10asupramolecular chemistry10avan der Waals radii1 aGanguly, Parthasarathy1 aDesiraju, Gautam, R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/van-der-waals-and-polar-intermolecular-contact-distances-quantifying-supramolecular-0