02469nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245014300055210006900198260011000267300001600377490000600393520167100399100002102070700002102091700002402112700002102136856013002157       2016                        eng d  a2046-206900aBioavailability studies of curcumin-sophorolipid nano-conjugates in the aqueous phase: role in the synthesis of uniform gold nanoparticles0 aBioavailability studies of curcuminsophorolipid nanoconjugates i  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJUL  a68504-685140 v63 a<p>The major limiting factors for curcumin to be accepted as a modern drug, despite its widespread applications, are its low aqueous solubility, low retention time and poor bioavailability. When subjected to a mild physical stress, curcumin is observed to internalize within the micellar hydrophobic core of oleic acid sophorolipid resulting in the formation of curcumin-sophorolipid nanoconjugates (CurSL). These bio-composites show enhanced retention time and increased bioavailability of curcumin in rat models. In the presence of gold salts, CurSL act as potent reducing and capping agents, resulting in the synthesis of monodispersed, spherical gold nanoparticles (CurSL-GNPs) of 8-10 nm in size. Physicochemical, morphological and optical characteristics of both the nanoparticles are discussed based on spectroscopic absorption, photoluminescence (PL), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, SEM and TEM measurements. FTIR spectroscopy signatures of these nanoparticles confirm the retention of functional groups in the end products. A retention time of 2 hours in blood plasma and an increase in curcumin recovery by about 150 times that previously reported were observed in the pharmacokinetic (pK(a)) studies performed on Wistar rats. The bio-distribution of gold nanoparticles in rats was studied using EDX, which revealed their presence in different vital organs. The absence of unusual legions or necrosis in histopathological analysis of vital organs in all the rat models suggests the use of curcuminsophorolipid nano-conjugates enhances curcumin bioavailability and the Cur-SL based nano-gold formulation is a good drug delivery carrier.</p>1 aDarne, Priti, A.1 aMehta, Mihir, R.1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.1 aPrabhune, Asmita  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bioavailability-studies-curcumin-sophorolipid-nano-conjugates-aqueous-phase-role-synthesis02556nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245012900055210006900184260009000253490000600343520147700349100002001826700002901846700002401875700002901899700002301928700001601951700002601967700002401993700002202017700002602039700002502065700003702090700002002127856013102147       2016                        eng d  a2045-232200aPotential dual role of eugenol in inhibiting advanced glycation end products in diabetes: proteomic and mechanistic insights0 aPotential dual role of eugenol in inhibiting advanced glycation   aMACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLANDbNATURE PUBLISHING GROUPcJAN0 v63 a<p>Medicinally important genus Ocimum harbors a vast pool of chemically diverse metabolites. Current study aims at identifying anti-diabetic candidate compounds from Ocimum species. Major metabolites in O. kilimandscharicum, O. tenuiflorum, O. gratissimum were purified, characterized and evaluated for anti-glycation activity. In vitro inhibition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by eugenol was found to be highest. Preliminary biophysical analysis and blind docking studies to understand eugenol-albumin interaction indicated eugenol to possess strong binding affinity for surface exposed lysines. However, binding of eugenol to bovine serum albumin (BSA) did not result in significant change in secondary structure of protein. In vivo diabetic mice model studies with eugenol showed reduction in blood glucose levels by 38% likely due to inhibition of alpha-glucosidase while insulin and glycated hemoglobin levels remain unchanged. Western blotting using anti-AGE antibody and mass spectrometry detected notably fewer AGE modified peptides upon eugenol treatment both in vivo and in vitro. Histopathological examination revealed comparatively lesser lesions in eugenol-treated mice. Thus, we propose eugenol has dual mode of action in combating diabetes; it lowers blood glucose by inhibiting a-glucosidase and prevents AGE formation by binding to epsilon-amine group on lysine, protecting it from glycation, offering potential use in diabetic management.</p>1 aSingh, Priyanka1 aJayaramaiah, Ramesha, H.1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.1 aVannuruswamy, Garikapati1 aKorwar, Arvind, M.1 aAnand, Atul1 aDhaygude, Vitthal, S.1 aShaikh, Mahemud, L.1 aJoshi, Rakesh, S.1 aBoppana, Ramanamurthy1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, J.1 aThulasiram, Hirekodathakallu, V.1 aGiri, Ashok, P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/potential-dual-role-eugenol-inhibiting-advanced-glycation-end-products-diabetes-proteomic-002086nas a2200157   4500008004100000245014300041210006900184260000800253520141500261100002401676700002101700700002501721700002801746700002201774856013201796       2018                        eng d00aChemo-biological evaluation of antidiabetic activity of M entha arvensis L. and it's role in inhibition of advanced glycation end products0 aChemobiological evaluation of antidiabetic activity of M entha a  cFEB3 a<p>Background: There has been enormous curiosity in the development of alternative plant based medicines to control diabetes, oxidative stress and related disorders. One of the therapeutic approaches is to reduce postprandial release of glucose in the blood. Two key enzymes that are involved in reducing postprandial glucose are α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Mentha arvensis L. has been traditionally used by several tribes as a medicinal plant to treat various disorders. Objective: The present study was undertaken to test M. arvenisis L. for inhibition of postprandial hyperglycemia. Material and method: We performed various in vitro and in vivo tests to evaluate efficacy of M. arvenisis L. for antidiabetic activity (postprandial hyperglycemia). Results: Methanolic extract of M. arvensis L. leaves showed DPPH free radical scavenging activity (more than 78% μg/μl) and high antiglycation potential (more than 90% inhibition of AGE formation). Methanolic extract also showed remarkable inhibitory effects on α-amylase (more than 50% μg/μl) and α-glucosidase (68% μg/μl) and significant inhibition of postprandial hyperglycemia in starch induced diabetic Wistar rats. Conclusion: The non-insulin dependent antidiabetic or inhibition of postprandial hyperglycemic activity of methanolic extract of M. arvensis L. leaves was shown by using in vitro and in vivo approaches in the present study.</p>1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.1 aGupta, Vidya, S.1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, J.1 aBhattacharya, Asish, K.1 aKoratkar, Santosh  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/chemo-biological-evaluation-antidiabetic-activity-m-entha-arvensis-l-and-its-role-inhibition02261nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197300001400266490000800280520154500288100002101833700002401854700002401878700002201902700002701924856012801951       2018                        eng d  a1043-180200aIn vivo examination of folic acid-conjugated gold-silica nanohybrids as contrast agents for localized tumor diagnosis and biodistribution0 aIn vivo examination of folic acidconjugated goldsilica nanohybri  a4012-40190 v 293 aEnhanced biocompatibility of nanosized contrast agent with high radiodensity and specific biodistribution is an important parameter for localized tumor imaging and organ safety. Various nanoparticles, especially gold nanorods (GNRs), have been applied for tumor diagnosis. However, their toxicity, nonspecific biodistribution, and easy aggregation are critical issues in cancer medicine. To avoid these issues, encapsulation of the GNRs in the core of nanoscopic mesoporous silica (MS) under ambient conditions, yielding multifunctional nanomaterials for cancer nanomedicine, is a recent and active development. Interestingly, GNR embedded MS nanohybrid (GNR-MS), though a promising material in nanomedicine, is rarely examined for tumor diagnosis, in vivo toxicity, organ safety, contrast ability, and excretion. Herein, we report a systematic in vivo examination of folic acid functionalized GNR-MS (GNR-MS-FA) for localized 4T1 breast tumor diagnosis, organ safety, and excretion using a one-time dose administration. The nanomaterials show good aqueous dispersibility, biocompatibility, high radiodensity, and tumor specific targeting ability (in vitro as well as in vivo). The in vivo tumor diagnosis and specific biodistribution of injected nanomaterials clearly demonstrates their potential for the visualization of tumors deep in the body of mice. In addition, all organs including the healthy glomerulus of the kidney are observed to be free of tissue injuries thereby indicating the superior biocompatibility of the nanomaterials.1 aPrasad, Rajendra1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.1 aChauhan, Deepak, S.1 aSrivastava, Rohit1 aSelvaraj, Kaliaperumal  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/vivo-examination-folic-acid-conjugated-gold-silica-nanohybrids-contrast-agents-localized01975nas a2200277   4500008004100000020001400041245012200055210006900177260000800246300001100254490000700265520107900272653001501351653001201366653001701378653002901395100002501424700002901449700002401478700002301502700002901525700002601554700002201580700002301602856007201625       2021                        eng d  a1878-818100aPerformance of Aspergillus niger (NCIM 563) phytase based feed supplement for broiler growth and phosphorus excretion0 aPerformance of Aspergillus niger NCIM 563 phytase based feed sup  cJAN  a1018870 v313 aDespite availability of commercial enzymes, the phytase produced from relatively inexpensive systems with high yields are gaining global attention in the feed industries in post-antibiotic era. We studied A. niger NCIM 563 Phytase produced in solid state fermentation (SSF) derived Koji powder and evaluated its utility in the poultry feed for broiler growth performance and phosphorous (P) excretion. The ability of phytase in the dried powder was estimated to dephytinize the poultry feed under simulated gastric conditions. Poultry feed was formulated using A. niger NCIM 563 phytase followed by a 42 days feed trial on broilers. After supplementation of phytase to the diet, there was a reduction of dietary P, maintained growth performance, skeletal development of broilers and reduced levels of phytic acid and available P in the litter. Extracellular phytase was able to replace up to 0.1% P in poultry feed. Minimal downstream processing a low-cost feed supplement with significant phytase activity could provide added advantage for anti-nutrition free poultry feed.10aPhosphorus10aPhytase10aPoultry feed10aSolid state fermentation1 aPuppala, Kumar, Raja1 aBuddhiwant, Priyanka, G.1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.1 aKadam, Avinash, S.1 aMote, Chandrashekhar, S.1 aLonkar, Vijaysinh, D.1 aKhire, Jayant, M.1 aDharne, Mahesh, S.  uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187881812031918604223nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260000800241300000700249490000700256520327800263653002603541653002303567653002603590653002103616653001303637100002103650700002303671700002203694700002603716700002403742700002403766700002803790856012703818       2023                        eng d  a1868-695800aGreen adeptness in synthesis of non-toxic copper and cobalt oxide nanocomposites with multifaceted bioactivities0 aGreen adeptness in synthesis of nontoxic copper and cobalt oxide  cDEC  a790 v143 a<p>
	Background: In the present era, we are facing different health problems mainly concerning with drug resistance in microorganisms as well as in cancer cells. In addition, we are also facing the problems of controlling oxidative stress and insect originated diseases like dengue, malaria, chikungunya, etc. originated from mosquitoes. In this investigation, we unfurled the potential of Achatina fulica mucus in green synthesis of mucus mediated copper oxide bio-nanocomposites (SM-CuONC) and cobalt oxide bio-nanocomposites (SM-Co3O4NC). Herein we carried out the physico-chemical characterization like UV-Vis spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of as synthesized bio-nanocomposites. Both the bio-nanocomposites were tested for their potential as antimicrobial activity using well diffusion assay, anticancer activity by MTT assay, antioxidant activity by phosphomolybdenum assay and mosquito larvicidal activity.Results: The results of this study revealed that, SM-CuONC and SM-Co3O4NC were synthesized successfully using A. fulica mucus. The FESEM and TEM data reveal the formation of nanoparticles with quasi-spherical morphology and average particle size of similar to 18 nm for both nanocomposites. The EDAX peak confirms the presence of elemental copper and cobalt in the analyzed samples. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the CuO and Co3O4. The result of anti microbial study exhibited that, SM-CuONC showed maximum antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli NCIM 2065 and Aspergillus fumigatus NCIM 902 which were noted as 2.36 +/- 0.31 and 2.36 +/- 0.59 cm resp. at 60 mu g/well concentration. The result of anticancer activity for SM-CuONC was exhibited as, 68.66 +/- 3.72, 62.66 +/- 3.61 and 71.00 +/- 2.36 percent kill, while SM-Co3O4NC exhibited 61.00 +/- 3.57, 72.66 +/- 4.50 and 71.66 +/- 4.22 percent kill against Human colon cancer (HCT-15), Cervical cancer (HeLa), and Breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines, respectively, at 20 mu g/well concentration. Both the nanocomposites also exhibited better antioxidant activity. Total antioxidant activity for SM-CuONC at 50 mu g/ml concentration was found to be highest as 55.33 +/- 3.72 while that of SM-Co(3)O(4)Ns was 52.00 +/- 3.22 mM of ascorbic acid/mu g respectively. Both bio-nanocomposites also exhibited 100% mosquito larvicidal activity at concentration ranging from 40 to 50 mg/l. During cytotoxicity study it is noted that at 5 mu g/well concentration, SM-CuO and SM-Co3O4NCs suspension showed more than 97% viability of normal (L929) cell lines. We also studied phytotoxicity of both bio-nanocomposites on Triticum aestivum. In this study, 100% seed germination was observed when seeds are treated with SM-CuONC and SM-Co3O4NC at 500 mg/l and 250 mg/l concentration respectively.Conclusions: This study concludes that in future as synthesized SM-CuONC and SM-Co3O4NC can be used in pharmaceutical, health care system for betterment and welfare of human life as both bio-nanocomposites exhibits better antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant and mosquito larvicidal potential.</p>
10aAchatina fulica mucus10aBio-nanocomposites10aBiological activities10aCharacterization10aToxicity1 aMane, Pramod, C.1 aKadam, Deepali, D.1 aKhadse, Ashok, N.1 aChaudhari, Aditya, R.1 aUghade, Supriya, P.1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.1 aChaudhari, Ravindra, D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/green-adeptness-synthesis-non-toxic-copper-and-cobalt-oxide-nanocomposites-multifaceted04239nas a2200217   4500008004100000245013900041210006900180260000800249300001600257490000600273520343500279100001503714700001803729700002203747700002303769700002603792700002403818700002803842700002403870856012703894       2024                        eng d00aGreen synthesis of silver and gold ultra nanocomposites from silk fibroin and their application for treatment of endodontic infections0 aGreen synthesis of silver and gold ultra nanocomposites from sil  cJUN  a2645–26600 v73 a<p>
	<span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">The present study is designed to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">B. mori</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;silk fibroin based silver and gold ultra bio-nanocomposites (SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC) against&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">Enterococcus faecalis</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;for endodontic disinfection. The SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC based irrigant solution was tested&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">in- vitro</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;against&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">Enterococcus faecalis</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;(ATCC: 29212). In this direction, SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC synthesized by silk fibroin are very important as they are economically cheap and easy to biosynthesize. The synthesis of SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC was accomplished by dissolving 1 mM silver nitrate and 0.5 mM auric chloride respectively in 10 ml of fibroin as precursors. The structural and morphological analysis was executed by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The qualitative antimicrobial activity of SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC were performed against inoculum of&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">Enterococcus faecalis</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;containing 1⨯10</span><sup style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Merriweather, serif;">5</sup><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;CFU/ ml. The same solutions were tested on dentine specimens inoculated with bacterial cultures and found remarkable biofilm reduction. The structural and morphological analysis reveals the formation of SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC having quasi-spherical morphology. The average particle size for SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC was same (~ 8 nm). The XRD study confirms that, both SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC were crystalline in nature. The bacterial growth inhibition and significant biofilm reduction was observed on dentine specimens treated with SF-AgUNC, SF-AuUNC and positive control. In antibacterial study, at 30 μg/well concentration of SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC, 3.13 ± 0.22 and 1.13 ± 0.22 cm of zone of inhibition was noted respectively. Moreover, growth of&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">Enterococcus faecalis</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;was completely inhibited at 20 μg/ml and 30 μg/ml when treated with SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC respectively. Hence, the present study concludes that SF-AgUNC and SF-AuUNC can be used as an effective intracanal medicament for the treatment of dental problems with no cyto toxicity.</span></p>
1 aC., Pramod1 aPawar, Jayant1 aMane, Deepali, P.1 aKhadase, Ashok, N.1 aChaudhari, Aditya, R.1 aUghade, Supriya, P.1 aChaudhari, Ravindra, D.1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/green-synthesis-silver-and-gold-ultra-nanocomposites-silk-fibroin-and-their-application04007nas a2200205   4500008004100000245016400041210006900205260000800274300002300282490000700305520319500312100003303507700002403540700001903564700001803583700002503601700002503626700002403651856012603675       2025                        eng d00aGreen synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using pomegranate peel extract for inhibition of calcium oxalate crystals and uropathogenic bacteria0 aGreen synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using  cAUG  aarticle number 5000 v153 a<p>
	<span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">This study explores the therapeutic potential of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and its gold nanoparticle conjugate (PPE-AuNP) in the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis. Pomegranate peels collected from four agro-climatic zones of India exhibited consistent methanolic extract yields (10–17%) and total phenolic content, with the highest levels observed in the West zone. Green synthesis of PPE-AuNPs was confirmed through UV–Vis spectroscopy (λmax = 522&nbsp;nm), DLS (38.2 ± 2.1&nbsp;nm), zeta potential (-33.66 ± 2.97&nbsp;mV), and TEM imaging, which showed uniform spherical nanoparticles. Characterization confirmed that PPE-AuNPs were crystalline and phytochemically capped. FTIR shifts in O–H, C = O, and C–O bands, along with a ~ 500&nbsp;cm</span><sup style="box-sizing: inherit; outline: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, serif;">-1</sup><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;Au–O/N vibration, confirmed phytochemical-mediated reduction and stabilization. XRD revealed an FCC structure with a dominant (111) plane, indicating high crystallinity. The synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 21.53&nbsp;µg/mL, superior to PPE and AuNP alone. In vitro calcium oxalate crystallization assays revealed significant crystal inhibition by PPE-AuNPs, confirmed via E-SEM, EDAX, and XRD analyses. Antibacterial studies against&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; outline: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">E. coli</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">,&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; outline: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">K. pneumoniae</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">,&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; outline: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">S. aureus</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">, and uropathogenic&nbsp;</span><i style="box-sizing: inherit; outline: 0px; font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">E. coli</i><span style="font-family: Merriweather, serif; font-size: 18px;">&nbsp;showed MIC values of 31.25–62.5&nbsp;µg/mL for PPE and PPE-AuNPs, with negligible activity from AuNP alone. In vivo studies in ethylene glycol-induced urolithiatic rats revealed significant improvement in urinary parameters, renal biochemistry (creatinine, urea, SGPT, SGOT), hematological markers, and histopathology, especially in the PPE-AuNP-treated group. PPE-AuNP treatment normalized urinary appearance, reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and restored renal architecture with minimal degeneration. The enhanced therapeutic effects of PPE-AuNPs are attributed to their bioactive phenolic surface ligands and colloidal stability. Overall, this study demonstrates the synergistic efficacy of PPE-AuNPs as a potent, green nanotherapeutic agent for urolithiasis, offering antioxidant, antibacterial, and nephroprotective effects with promising translational relevance.</span></p>
1 aMundhewadikar, Dhananjay, M.1 aBhalerao, Minal, R.1 aVairale, Shiva1 aSabir, Safiya1 aMote, Chandrashekhar1 aChowdhury, Chiranjit1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/green-synthesis-and-characterization-gold-nanoparticles-using-pomegranate-peel-extract02916nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260000800246300001100254490000900265520183400274653002602108653002602134653003202160653003002192653002002222653003502242100002202277700001902299700002502318700002002343700001802363700002502381700002002406700002202426700002402448856013002472       2026                        eng d  a0022-286000aNovel prodrug-inspired eugenol derivatives with enhanced bioavailability, anti-diabetic and anti-glycation efficacies0 aNovel prodruginspired eugenol derivatives with enhanced bioavail  cAPR  a1451750 v13573 a<p>
	In this study, we present the design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel eugenol analogs aimed to overcome its limited bioavailability due to insolubility in aqueous media. Thus, we re-engineered eugenol using prodruginspired structural modifications to improve pharmacokinetic properties. First, we structurally modified eugenol and synthesized its natural amino acid conjugates as esters and carbamates. These were prepared in NBoc protected, free amine, and HCl salt forms. These modifications are expected to improve the polarity and solubility of eugenol congeners in biological systems. They can also release the parent eugenol through enzymatic hydrolysis, enhancing its therapeutic potential. Next, we comprehensively screened for these derivatives through in silico studies followed by in vitro and in vivo assays. These include DPPH radical scavenging (IC50 range: 37.7 to 103.7 mu M), inhibition of (i) alpha-amylase (IC50 23.1 to 67.3 mu M), (ii) alpha-glucosidase (IC50 43.6 to 50.4 mu M), (iii) glycation (IC50 31.9 to 110.3 mu M) along with pharmacokinetic profiling and toxicity assessments. These experiments collectively demonstrated improved activity of eugenol analogs for several important parameters. Specifically, six analogs-epoxy eugenol (39), hydroxy eugenol (43), aspartate eugenol (26), isoleucinate eugenol (24), glutamate eugenol (37), and glutamate-salt eugenol (27) exhibited superior bioavailability, absorption, and distribution over to the parent compound eugenol. These analogs were found to be non-toxic and safe for oral administration. Overall, the study establishes a mechanistic and rational framework for modifying eugenol to overcome its inherent biopharmaceutical limitations, positioning them as promising candidates for treating diabetes and glycation-related conditions.</p>
10aAmino acid conjugates10aAntidiabetic activity10aBioavailability enhancement10aDrug design and synthesis10aEugenol analogs10aIn silico and in vitro studies1 aKataria, Priyanka1 aVairale, Shiva1 aMote, Chandrashekhar1 aJoshi, Kaustubh1 aJoshi, Rakesh1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, J.1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aKontham, Ravindar1 aAgawane, Sachin, B.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-prodrug-inspired-eugenol-derivatives-enhanced-bioavailability-anti-diabetic-and-anti