02165nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245006000055210005900115260005700174300001200231490000700243520144900250653001701699653001401716653001801730653001601748653001601764100002101780700002101801700001901822856009401841       2005                        eng d  a1054-547600aThidiazuron-induced morphogenesis in tamarind seedlings0 aThidiazuroninduced morphogenesis in tamarind seedlings  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcMAY  a240-2430 v413 a<p>Germination of tamarind seeds in medium containing thidiazuron (TDZ) resulted in induction of nodular protrusions in and around the cotyledonary node meristem. The structures developed radially in well-defined circles and subsequently spread towards the cotyledonary bridge and also in the proximal part of the hypocotyl. The structures developed into shoots on transfer to medium devoid of growth regulators. Histological studies revealed that the protrusions initiated from the nodal meristem and extended to the non-meristematic region between the two meristems and also in the proximal part of the hypocotyl in seedlings germinated in 9.08 mu M TDZ. Newly formed cell layers and less-differentiated meristematic protrusions were also seen. With the increase in the distance from the meristem, the buds were less differentiated; in the proximal part of the hypocotyl only the multiple layers of meristematic cells were noted. With extension of the period of incubation, the TDZ-induced meristematic activity extended laterally in circles towards the neighboring region. The radial spread of the meristematic activity from the center of the nodal meristem was also evident at 18.16 mu M TDZ. From the pattern of the morphogenic development and the histological studies it may be hypothesized that in tamarind, TDZ influences the existing meristems specifically. Subsequently de novo organogenesis is triggered in the neighboring cells.</p>10aCaulogenesis10aHistology10amorphogenesis10aprotrusions10athidiazuron1 aMehta, Urmil, J.1 aSahasrabudhe, N.1 aHazra, Sulekha  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/thidiazuron-induced-morphogenesis-tamarind-seedlings-002243nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008400055210006900139260005700208300001200265490000600277520146500283653001101748653001701759653002101776653002101797653001401818653002601832100002501858700001901883856011101902       2012                        eng d  a1863-546600aIn vitro morphogenic response in cotyledon explants of semecarpus anacardium L.0 aIn vitro morphogenic response in cotyledon explants of semecarpu  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcAPR  a141-1480 v63 a<p>Three different morphogenic responses-caulogenesis, direct somatic embryogenesis, and callusing-were noted in cotyledon explants of Semecarpus anacardium L. cultured in woody plant medium (WPM) containing thidiazuron (TDZ). Thidiazuron, at all concentrations tested, induced organogenic as well as embryogenic responses. The organogenic buds differentiated to shoots and the embryogenic mass (EM) gave rise to globular embryos which differentiated up to cotyledon-stage embryos on repeated culture in growth regulator (GR)-free WPM medium containing 0.2% activated charcoal after the removal of TDZ. The organogenic and embryogenic responses were optimal in 9.08 mu M TDZ after the removal of TDZ. Elongated shoots rooted in half-strength liquid WPM medium with 2.46 mu M indole butyric acid. Plants were successfully acclimatized and transferred to soil. Histological studies confirmed the direct origin of the organogenic buds from the cotyledon explants. The EMs produced somatic embryos on repeated culture in charcoal incorporated GR-free medium. Morphogenic callus formation from the cotyledon explants was also noted. This callus on repeated culture in WPM medium with charcoal differentiated into somatic embryos. Repetitive somatic embryogenesis was evident from direct and indirectly formed primary embryos. The somatic embryos did not convert into plantlets, though sporadic germination of embryos was observed through the emergence of roots.</p>10acallus10aCaulogenesis10aGlobular embryos10aGrowth regulator10aHistology10asomatic embryogenesis1 aPanda, Bhuban, Mohan1 aHazra, Sulekha  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/vitro-morphogenic-response-cotyledon-explants-semecarpus-anacardium-l-0