02013nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245011800055210006900173260010600242300001400348490000700362520110200369653002301471653003101494653001101525653003101536100002401567700001801591700001801609700002601627856013001653       2012                        eng d  a0025-540800aNovel microwave assisted sol-gel synthesis (MW-SGS) and electrochromic performance of petal like h-WO3 thin films0 aNovel microwave assisted solgel synthesis MWSGS and electrochrom  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJUL  a1787-17930 v473 a<p>Use of domestic microwave oven is first time employed for chemical deposition of nanocrystalline hexagonal WO3 (h-WO3) thin films. Low cost precursors like sodium tungstate, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid and potassium sulfate signifies cost effectiveness of this thin film fabrication route. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal formation of petal like nanodisks. A number of analytical techniques were used to characterize the WO3 petal like nanodisks, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy, UV-visible spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies revealed 2.89 O/W atomic ratio. The electrical transport studies on WO3 thin films show semiconducting behavior with n-type semiconductivity. The value of determined coloration efficiency is 57.90 cm(2)/C. The mechanism of Li+ intercalation and deinercalation in h-WO3 matrix is proposed for enhanced electrochromism. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectrochemical properties10aOxides10aphotoelectron spectroscopy1 aKharade, Rohini, R.1 aPatil, K., R.1 aPatil, P., S.1 aBhosale, Popatrao, N.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-microwave-assisted-sol-gel-synthesis-mw-sgs-and-electrochromic-performance-petal-h-002243nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260010600207300001200313490000800325520123400333653001101567653002001578653002001598653000801618653003201626100002401658700002201682700002201704700002501726700002001751700002201771700001701793700002601810856011701836       2013                        eng d  a0013-468600aEnhanced electrochromic coloration in Ag nanoparticle decorated WO3 thin films0 aEnhanced electrochromic coloration in Ag nanoparticle decorated   aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJUL  a358-3680 v1023 a<p>WO3/Ag composite thin films were prepared by microwave assisted sol-gel synthesis (MW-SGS) of WO3 followed by vacuum evaporation of Ag nanoparticles and their enhanced electrochromic coloration was investigated. The composition and morphology of WO3 thin films with different thickness of Ag layer obtained by vacuum evaporation were investigated. Distinct plasmon absorption bands of Ag nanoparticle thin films were obtained. The optical band gap energy of WO3/Ag films decreased with increasing the Ag layer thickness. The surface of these films has been examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to gain information about the chemical states of species present at surfaces. Experimental results indicated that the conductivity of the films increased after surface modification by Ag layer. To investigate the origin of enhanced electrochromic absorption in optical properties, working electrode consisting of WO3/Ag thin film was used and observed the optical properties during electrochemical reaction. It was found that composite electrode shows enhancement in electrochromic properties in terms of optical modulation (Delta OD) and coloration efficiency (eta). (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aAg2WO410aCIE coordinates10aElectrochromism10aSPR10aWO3/Ag composite thin films1 aKharade, Rohini, R.1 aMali, Sawanta, S.1 aPatil, Satish, P.1 aPatil, Kashinath, R.1 aGang, Myong, G.1 aPatil, Pramod, S.1 aKim, Jin, H.1 aBhosale, Popatrao, N.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhanced-electrochromic-coloration-ag-nanoparticle-decorated-wo3-thin-films-0