02412nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245020500055210006900260260011000329300001600439490000600455520153600461100002501997700002802022700002502050700002402075856013102099       2013                        eng d  a2046-206900a1-Dimensional confinement of porous polyethylenedioxythiophene using carbon nanofibers as a solid template: an efficient charge storage material with improved capacitance retention and cycle stability0 a1Dimensional confinement of porous polyethylenedioxythiophene us  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcAPR  a11877-118870 v33 a<p>Here, we report a highly conducting porous 1-dimensionally (1-D) confined nano hybrid of polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) using a cup-stacked hollow carbon nanofiber (CNF) as a solid template for potential charge storage applications. The unique features of the nano confinement involve significantly high porosity and conductivity with the establishment of the 1-D architecture. Since the tubular morphology of the CNF with its open tips provides facile routes for the electrolyte, the overall utilization of the active surface and conductivity increases the charge storage properties of PEDOT in the hybrid. The approach helped in achieving a high specific capacitance of 177 F g(-1) for 40% PEDOT-CNF at a scan rate of 50 mV s(-1) and in retaining 130 F g(-1) even at 3000 mV s(-1) compared to 76 and 30 F g(-1) respectively given by pure PEDOT in 0.5 M H2SO4. The hybrid CP-40 shows a very high power density of 51 kW kg(-1) with an energy density of 4.7 Wh kg(-1). High capacitance retention is supported by the low charge transfer resistance and very low time constant (less than 0.5 s) values for the hybrid using impedance analysis. Phase angle calculations from a Bode plot also show an ideal capacitive nature with -90 degrees phase difference at 0.1 Hz for the hybrids. Apart from all these, the solid CNF backbone helps the hybrid material to display excellent cycle stability with &gt;98% retention in capacitance over 4500 charge-discharge cycles compared to pristine PEDOT at a current density of 2 A g(-1).</p>1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aBhange, Siddheshwar, N.1 aUnni, SreeKuttan, M.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/1-dimensional-confinement-porous-polyethylenedioxythiophene-using-carbon-nanofibers-solid-002301nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245013200055210006900187260007100256300001600327490000600343520126900349653002001618653002201638653002301660653001601683653002201699653001901721100002501740700002401765700002801789700002501817700002501842700002401867856013201891       2013                        eng d  a1944-824400aDesign of a high performance thin all-solid-state supercapacitor mimicking the active interface of its liquid-state counterpart0 aDesign of a high performance thin allsolidstate supercapacitor m  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcDEC  a13397-134040 v53 a<p>Here we report an all-solid-state supercapacitor (ASSP) which closely mimics the electrode-electrolyte interface of its liquid-state counterpart by impregnating polyaniline (PANO-coated carbon paper with polyvinyl alcohol-H2SO4 (PVA-H2SO4) gel/plasticized polymer electrolyte. The well penetrated PVA-H2SO4 network along the porous carbon matrix essentially enhanced the electrode-electrolyte interface of the resulting device with a very low equivalent series resistance (ESR) of 1 Omega/cm(2) and established an interfacial structure very similar to a liquid electrolyte. The designed interface of the device was confirmed by cross-sectional elemental mapping and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The PANI in the device displayed a specific capacitance of 647 F/g with an areal capacitance of 1 F/cm(2) at 0.5 A/g and a capacitance retention of 62% at 20 A/g. The above values are the highest among those reported for any solid-state-supercapacitor. The whole device, including the electrolyte, shows a capacitance of 12 F/g with a significantly low leakage current of 16 mu A(2). Apart from this, the device showed excellent stability for 10000 cycles with a coulombic efficiency of 100%. Energy density of the PANI in the device is 14.3 Wh/kg.</p>10aall-solid-state10acyclic voltametry10aimpedance analysis10apolyaniline10apolyvinyl alcohol10asupercapacitor1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aTorris, Arun, A. T.1 aBhange, Siddheshwar, N.1 aUnni, SreeKuttan, M.1 aBadiger, Manohar, V.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/design-high-performance-thin-all-solid-state-supercapacitor-mimicking-active-interface-its-002168nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245014700055210006900202260007700271300001400348490000700362520124400369653002101613653001501634653001301649653002001662653001601682100002501698700002801723700002501751700002401776856012601800       2013                        eng d  a2192-650600aRedox-mediated synthesis of functionalised graphene: a strategy towards 2D multifunctional electrocatalysts for energy conversion applications0 aRedoxmediated synthesis of functionalised graphene a strategy to  aBOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcOCT  a1296-13030 v783 a<p>A simple, one-step synthetic route for developing a two-dimensional multifunctional electrocatalyst is reported, by the functionalisation of graphene using oxidised ethylenedioxythiophene (O-EDOT). The mutually assisted redox reaction between graphene oxide (GO) and EDOT facilitates the reduction of GO to graphene with a concomitant deposition of O-EDOT on the surface of the graphene. The oxidised surface of GO catalyses the reaction without using an added reducing agent, so a controlled and uniform deposition of O-EDOT is ensured on the surface of graphene, which essentially prevents the restacking of the layers. UV/Visible, IR, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy give valid evidence for the reduction and functionalisation of graphene sheets. The functional groups present on the surface of graphene are found to tune the physical and chemical properties of graphene. Consequently, the functionalised material displays enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of oxygen to water and I3- to I- relative to pristine graphene. These distinct property characteristics make the material a versatile cathode electrocatalyst for both alkaline anion-exchange membrane fuel cells and dye-sensitised solar cells.</p>10aelectrocatalysts10afuel cells10agraphene10aredox chemistry10asolar cells1 aUnni, SreeKuttan, M.1 aBhange, Siddheshwar, N.1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/redox-mediated-synthesis-functionalised-graphene-strategy-towards-2d-multifunctional-001035nas a2200145   4500008004100000245007700041210006900118260000800187520050100195100002400696700002500720700002500745700001700770856010200787       2014                        eng d00aAll-solid-state-supercapacitor and a process for the fabrication thereof0 aAllsolidstatesupercapacitor and a process for the fabrication th  cOCT3 a<p>The present invention discloses. all-solid-state supercapacitor (ASSP) with enhanced electrode-electrolyte interface which gives highest very high specific capacitance, areal capacitance and shows very low internal resistance (ESR). The invention particularly discloses the fabrication of all-solid-state supercapacitor by intercalation of solid state polymer electrolyte inside the conducting porous substrate coated with a charge storage electrode material to achieve the desired effect.</p>1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aBadiger, Manohar, V.1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aTorris, Arun  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/all-solid-state-supercapacitor-and-process-fabrication-thereof01174nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245015400055210006900209260011000278300001400388490000700402520043400409100002500843700002400868856012400892       2014                        eng d  a1359-734500aElectrochemically grown nanoporous MnO2 nanowalls on a porous carbon substrate with enhanced capacitance through faster ionic and electrical mobility0 aElectrochemically grown nanoporous MnO2 nanowalls on a porous ca  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcAPR  a7188-71900 v503 a<p>We report the deposition of uniform porous MnO2 nanowalls on a conducting carbon fiber substrate using a simple electrochemical method, which produces ordered nano-channels demarcated by the MnO2 walls for easy ion transport and a continuous electron path created by the carbon backbone. The system achieves a specific capacitance of 1149 F g(-1) and retains 565 F g(-1) even at dragging conditions as high as 100 A g(-1).</p>1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/electrochemically-grown-nanoporous-mno2-nanowalls-porous-carbon-substrate-enhanced-002708nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245017900055210006900234260011000303300001400413490000600427520182600433100002502259700002402284700002802308700002502336700002402361856012902385       2014                        eng d  a2040-336400aElectrodeposited polyethylenedioxythiophene with infiltrated gel electrolyte interface: a close contest of an all-solid-state supercapacitor with its liquid-state counterpart0 aElectrodeposited polyethylenedioxythiophene with infiltrated gel  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJUN  a5944-59520 v63 a<p>We report the design of an all-solid-state supercapacitor, which has charge storage characteristics closely matching that of its liquid-state counterpart even under extreme temperature and humidity conditions. The prototype is made by electro-depositing polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) onto the individual carbon fibers of a porous carbon substrate followed by intercalating the matrix with polyvinyl alcohol-sulphuric acid (PVA-H2SO4) gel electrolyte. The electrodeposited layer of PEDOT maintained a flower-like growth pattern along the threads of each carbon fiber. This morphology and the alignment of PEDOT led to an enhanced surface area and electrical conductivity, and the pores in the system enabled effective intercalation of the polymer-gel electrolyte. Thus, the established electrode-electrolyte interface nearly mimics that of its counterpart based on the liquid electrolyte. Consequently, the solid device attained very low internal resistance (1.1 Omega cm(-2)) and a high specific capacitance (181 F g(-1)) for PEDOT at a discharge current density of 0.5 A g(-1). Even with a high areal capacitance of 836 mF cm(-2) and volumetric capacitance of 28 F cm(-3), the solid device retained a mass-specific capacitance of 111 F g(-1) for PEDOT. This is in close agreement with the value displayed by the corresponding liquid-state system (112 F g(-1)), which was fabricated by replacing the gel electrolyte with 0.5 M H2SO4. The device also showed excellent charge-discharge stability for 12 000 cycles at 5 A g(-1). The performance of the device was consistent even under wide-ranging humidity (30-80%) and temperature (-10 to 80 degrees C) conditions. Finally, a device fabricated by increasing the electrode area four times was used to light an LED, which validated the scalability of the process.</p>1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aTorris, Arun, A. T.1 aBhange, Siddheshwar, N.1 aBadiger, Manohar, V.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/electrodeposited-polyethylenedioxythiophene-infiltrated-gel-electrolyte-interface-close-001834nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245015900055210006900214260011000283300001600393490000600409520093800415100002501353700002001378700002801398700001801426700002901444700002401473856013101497       2014                        eng d  a2040-336400aEnhanced catalytic activity of polyethylenedioxythiophene towards tri-iodide reduction in DSSCs via 1-dimensional alignment using hollow carbon nanofibers0 aEnhanced catalytic activity of polyethylenedioxythiophene toward  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJUL  a10332-103390 v63 a<p>Here, we report a highly conducting 1-dimensionally (1-D) aligned polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) along the inner and outer surfaces of a hollow carbon nanofiber (CNF) and its application as a counter electrode in a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The hybrid material (CP-25) displays a conversion efficiency of 7.16% compared to 7.30% for the standard Pt counter electrode, 4.48% for bulk PEDOT and 5.56% for CNF. The enhanced conversion efficiency of CP-25 is attributed to the accomplishment of high conductivity and surface area of PEDOT through the 1-D alignment compared to its bulk counterpart. Reduced charge transfer resistance and high conductivity of CP-25 could be proven by cyclic voltammetry, impedance analysis and Tafel experiments. Further, through a long-term stability test involving efficiency profiling for 20 days, it is observed that CP-25 possesses excellent durability compared to the bulk PEDOT.</p>1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aGame, Onkar, S.1 aBhange, Siddheshwar, N.1 aKumari, Tanya1 aOgale, Satishchandra, B.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhanced-catalytic-activity-polyethylenedioxythiophene-towards-tri-iodide-reduction-dsscs-001632nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245012900055210006900184260000800253300001400261490000700275520086900282100002301151700002701174700002501201700002401226700002401250700002501274856012701299       2014                        eng d  a1613-681000aFrom waste paper basket to solid state and Li-HEC ultracapacitor electrodes: a value added journey for shredded office paper0 aFrom waste paper basket to solid state and LiHEC ultracapacitor   cNOV  a4395-44020 v103 a<p>Hydrothermal processing followed by controlled pyrolysis of used white office paper (a globally collectable shredded paper waste) are performed to obtain high surface area carbon with hierarchical pore size distribution. The BET specific surface area of such carbon is 2341 m 2 g(-1). The interconnected macroporous structure along with the concurrent presence of mesopores and micropores makes the material ideal for ultracapacitor application. Such waste paper derived carbon (WPC) shows remarkable performance in all solid-state supercapacitor fabricated with ionic liquid-polymer gel electrolyte. At room temperature, the material exhibits a power density of 19 000 W kg(-1) with an energy capability of 31 Wh kg(-1). The Li-ion electrochemical capacitor constructed using WPC as cathode also shows an excellent energy storage capacity of 61 Wh kg(-1)</p>
1 aPuthusseri, Dhanya1 aAravindan, Vanchiappan1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aMadhavi, Srinivasan1 aOgale, Satishchandra  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/waste-paper-basket-solid-state-and-li-hec-ultracapacitor-electrodes-value-added-journey00833nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260000800215300001000223490000700233653003000240653003200270653002200302100002000324700001700344700002500361700002200386700002200408700002400430700001700454856012000471       2014                        eng d  a2053-273300aPost-synthetically modified porous covalent framework (PCF) for high proton conduction0 aPostsynthetically modified porous covalent framework PCF for hig  cMAY  aC11560 v7010aPorous Covalent Framework10aPost-synthetic Modification10aproton conduction1 aSamanta, Partha1 aDesai, Aamod1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aShirolkar, Mandar1 aKarmakar, Avishek1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aGhosh, Sujit  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/post-synthetically-modified-porous-covalent-framework-pcf-high-proton-conduction02995nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245015500055210006900210260007100279300001400350490000600364520208400370653001502454653002402469653001602493653001402509653001602523653001502539100002102554700002502575700002402600856012902624       2015                        eng d  a1944-824400a3D polyaniline porous layer anchored pillared graphene sheets: enhanced interface joined with high conductivity for better charge storage applications0 a3D polyaniline porous layer anchored pillared graphene sheets en  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcAPR  a7661-76690 v73 a<p>Here, we report synthesis of a 3-dimensional (3D) porous polyaniline (PANI) anchored on pillared graphene (G-PANI-PA) as an efficient charge storage material for supercapacitor applications. Benzoic acid (BA) anchored graphene, having spatially separated graphene layers (G-Bz-COOH), was used as a structure controlling support whereas 3D PANI growth has been achieved by a simple chemical oxidation of aniline in the presence of phytic acid (PA). The BA groups on G-Bz-COOH play a critical role in preventing the restacking of graphene to achieve a high surface area of 472 m(2)/g compared to reduced graphene oxide (RGO, 290 m(2)/g). The carboxylic acid (-COOH) group controls the rate of polymerization to achieve a compact polymer structure with micropores whereas the chelating nature of PA plays a crucial role to achieve the 3D growth pattern of PANI. This type of controlled interplay helps G-PANI-PA to achieve a high conductivity of 3.74 S/cm all the while maintaining a high surface area of 330 m(2)/g compared to PANI-PA (0.4 S/cm and 60 m(2)/g). G-PANI-PA thus conceives the characteristics required for facile charge mobility during fast charge-discharge cycles, which results in a high specific capacitance of 652 F/g for the composite. Owing to the high surface area along with high conductivity, G-PANI-PA displays a stable specific capacitance of 547 F/g even with a high mass loading of 3 mg/cm(2), an enhanced areal capacitance of 1.52 F/cm(2), and a volumetric capacitance of 122 F/cm(3). The reduced charge-transfer resistance (RCT) of 0.67 O displayed by G-PANI-PA compared to pure PANI (0.79 O) stands out as valid evidence of the improved charge mobility achieved by the system by growing the 3D PANI layer along the spatially separated layers of the graphene sheets. The low RCT helps the system to display capacitance retention as high as 65% even under a high current dragging condition of 10 A/g. High charge/discharge rates and good cycling stability are the other highlights of the supercapacitor system derived from this composite material.</p>10adurability10aionic accessibility10aphytic acid10apillaring10apolyaniline10arestacking1 aSekar, Pandiaraj1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/3d-polyaniline-porous-layer-anchored-pillared-graphene-sheets-enhanced-interface-joined-002412nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245010400055210006900159260011000228300001600338490000700354520164500361100002102006700002502027700002602052700002502078856012702103       2015                        eng d  a1463-907600aArchitecturally designed Pt-MoS2 and Pt-graphene composites for electrocatalytic methanol oxidation0 aArchitecturally designed PtMoS2 and Ptgraphene composites for el  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcSEP  a26101-261100 v173 a<p>Thin films consisting of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) with uniform size and distribution have been successfully prepared at a liquid-liquid interface. Apart from the usual substrates like glass, Si etc. the films were also deposited on the surfaces of MoS2 thin films and graphene nanosheets (GNS) respectively, by using a layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique to form Pt-MoS2 and Pt-GNS composites. The loading concentration of Pt NPs on MoS2 and GNS can be adjusted by selecting the number and sequence of the component layers during LbL deposition. The Pt thin films, Pt-MoS2 and Pt-GNS nanocomposite thin films are characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TEM results of the composites show that Pt NPs with sizes in the range of 1 to 3 nm are uniformly dispersed on the MoS2/GNS surface. The catalytic activities of Pt and Pt-composites for the reaction of methanol oxidation are studied using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Electrochemical studies reveal that both the Pt-MoS2 and Pt-GNS nanocomposites show excellent electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation. Pt-MoS2 and Pt-GNS nanocomposite electrodes show excellent stability for reuse of the catalyst. A probable mechanism of catalysis has been discussed. We propose that the similar architecture reported here would be promising for the synthesis of high performance catalysts for fuel cells, gas phase reactions, and other applications such as sensors.</p>1 aPatit, Sagar, H.1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aSathaye, Shivaram, D.1 aPatil, Kashinath, R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/architecturally-designed-pt-mos2-and-pt-graphene-composites-electrocatalytic-methanol-001439nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260007100248300001400319490000700333520063300340100001800973700002500991700002101016700002001037700002401057700002101081856013101102       2015                        eng d  a0020-166900aCoherent fusion of water array and protonated amine in a metal-sulfate-based coordination polymer for proton conduction0 aCoherent fusion of water array and protonated amine in a metalsu  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJUN  a5366-53710 v543 a<p>A new function of metal-sulfate-based co-ordination polymer (CP) for proton,conduction Was investigated through rational integration of a continuous water array and protonated amine in the coordination space of the CP. The H-bonded arrays of watet molecules along with nitrogen-rich aromatic cation (protonated melamine) facilitate proton conduction in the compound under humid conditions. Although several reports of metal-oxalate/phosphate-based CPs showing proton conduction are known, this is the first designed synthesis of a metal sulfate-based CP bearing-Water arrays functioning as a solid-state proton conductor:</p>1 aManna, Biplab1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aDesai, Aamod, V.1 aSamanta, Partha1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aGhosh, Sujit, K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/coherent-fusion-water-array-and-protonated-amine-metal-sulfate-based-coordination-polymer-001122nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245013800055210006900193260011000262300001400372490000700386520030900393100001900702700001500721700002300736700002500759700001700784856012700801       2015                        eng d  a1359-734500aTuning of multiple luminescence outputs and white-light emission from a single gelator molecule through an ESIPT coupled AIEE process0 aTuning of multiple luminescence outputs and whitelight emission   aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcDEC  a2130-21330 v513 a<p>A unique example of an ESIPT coupled AIEE process, associated with a single molecule (1), is utilized for generating multiple luminescent colors (blue-green-white-yellow). The J-aggregated state of 1 forms a luminescent gel in THF and this luminescent property is retained even in the solid state.</p>1 aMaity, Arunava1 aAli, Firoj1 aAgarwalla, Hridesh1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aDas, Amitava  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/tuning-multiple-luminescence-outputs-and-white-light-emission-single-gelator-molecule-002192nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008500055210006900140260000800209300001400217490000600231520147000237653001101707653001901718653001401737653001901751653002001770100001501790700002501805700002401830856010801854       2016                        eng d  a2196-021600a1D alignment of PEDOT in a buckypaper for high-performance solid supercapacitors0 a1D alignment of PEDOT in a buckypaper for highperformance solid   cSEP  a1329-13360 v33 a<p>A flexible solid-state supercapacitor is prepared from carbon nanotube (CNT)-based buckypaper after forming a thin layer of polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) on the surface of the CNTs in the paper. A highly conducting PEDOT phase is obtained by interfacial polymerization, in which polymerization is confined at the interface of two immiscible liquids. The hydrophilic interaction between the functionalized CNTs and the oxidizing agent (iron perchlorate, Fe(ClO4)(3)), which is located in the aqueous phase, and the restricted interaction of the oxidizing agent with the EDOT monomer in the organic layer at the immiscible interface play a vital role in establishing a uniform and aggregate-free growth pattern of PEDOT on CNT. By carefully optimizing the amount of polymer in the paper, an electrode with a sheet resistance of 3.4(-1) and equivalent series resistance of 0.95 can be prepared. A thin and flexible solid-state supercapacitor device with an overall thickness of 210m is made by using this paper as the electrodes and poly(vinyl alcohol)/lithium chloride as the gel electrolyte. The power density and energy density of the electrode are 9.94Wcm(-3) and 8.85mWhcm(-3), respectively. The device also delivers a high volumetric capacitance of 18Fcm(-3) and areal capacitance of 354mFcm(-2). The demonstrated strategy is scalable and hence the process can be conveniently applied to prepare large-area PEDOT-modified buckypapers in a short time.</p>10aCarbon10aEnergy storage10ananotubes10apolymerization10aSupercapacitors1 aSoni, Roby1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/1d-alignment-pedot-buckypaper-high-performance-solid-supercapacitors01270nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245014100055210006900196260011000265300001400375490000700389520039400396100002500790700002500815700002100840700002600861700002400887700002100911856013200932       2016                        eng d  a1359-734500aHigh hydroxide conductivity in a chemically stable crystalline metal-organic framework containing a water-hydroxide supramolecular chain0 aHigh hydroxide conductivity in a chemically stable crystalline m  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJUN  a8459-84620 v523 a<p>A chemically stable cationic MOF encapsulating an in situ formed water-hydroxide supramolecular anionic chain is realized for high hydroxide (OH-) ion conductivity in the solid-state (Type A). High OH- ion conductivity and low activation energy of the MOF demonstrate the advantage of the in situ incorporation of OH- ions to achieve efficient OH- ion conduction in the solid-state.</p>1 aNagarkar, Sanjog, S.1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aDesai, Aamod, V.1 aShirolkar, Mandar, M.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aGhosh, Sujit, K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/high-hydroxide-conductivity-chemically-stable-crystalline-metal-organic-framework-containing01743nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260007100266300001400337490000600351520069700357653002201054653002301076653003101099653001401130653002401144653001901168100002501187700002401212700002101236700002701257700002501284700002401309856013201333       2016                        eng d  a1944-824400aHigh-Performance flexible solid-state supercapacitor with an extended nanoregime interface through in situ polymer electrolyte generation0 aHighPerformance flexible solidstate supercapacitor with an exten  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJAN  a1233-12410 v83 a<p>{Here, we report an efficient strategy by which a significantly enhanced electrodeelectrolyte interface in an electrode for supercapacitor application could be accomplished by allowing in situ polymer gel electrolyte generation inside the nanopores of the electrodes. This unique and highly efficient strategy could be conceived by judiciously maintaining ultraviolet-triggered polymerization of a monomer mixture in the presence of a high-surface-area porous carbon. The method is very simple and scalable, and a prototype, flexible solid-state supercapacitor could even be demonstrated in an encapsulation-free condition by using the commercial-grade electrodes (thickness = 150 mu m</p>10acyclic voltametry10aimpedance analysis10ain situ polymer generation10ainterface10apolymer electrolyte10asupercapacitor1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aTorris, Arun, A. T.1 aVeeliyath, Sajna1 aVijayakumar, Vidyanand1 aBadiger, Manohar, V.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/high-performance-flexible-solid-state-supercapacitor-extended-nanoregime-interface-through-001952nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260000900233300001600242490000700258520096700265653001601232653003901248653003401287653002201321653001501343100002201358700002701380700002501407700001801432700002001450700002101470700002401491700002101515856012601536       2016                        eng d  a1433-785100aHydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs): a new class of porous crystalline proton-conducting materials0 aHydrogenbonded organic frameworks HOFs a new class of porous cry  cAUG   a10667-106710 v553 a<p>Two porous hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) based on arene sulfonates and guanidinium ions are reported. As a result of the presence of ionic backbones appended with protonic source, the compounds exhibit ultra-high proton conduction values (sigma) 0.75x 10(-2)Scm(-1) and 1.8x10(-2)Scm(-1) under humidified conditions. Also, they have very low activation energy values and the highest proton conductivity at ambient conditions (low humidity and at moderate temperature) among porous crystalline materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs). These values are not only comparable to the conventionally used proton exchange membranes, such as Nafion used in fuel cell technologies, but is also the highest value reported in organic-based porous architectures. Notably, this report inaugurates the usage of crystalline hydrogen-bonded porous organic frameworks as solid-state proton conducting materials.</p>10aguanidinium10ahydrogen-bonded organic frameworks10aporous crystalline frameworks10aproton conduction10asulfonates1 aKarmakar, Avishek1 aIllathvalappil, Rajith1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aSen, Arunabha1 aSamanta, Partha1 aDesai, Aamod, V.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aGhosh, Sujit, K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/hydrogen-bonded-organic-frameworks-hofs-new-class-porous-crystalline-proton-conducting02544nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245014300055210006900198260007100267300001200338490000600350520143900356653002201795653003001817653003001847653002301877653003101900653003101931100002501962700002001987700002802007700001502035700002002050700002902070700002402099856013102123       2016                        eng d  a1944-824400aPt- and TCO-free flexible cathode for DSSC from highly conducting and flexible PEDOT paper prepared via in situ interfacial polymerization0 aPt and TCOfree flexible cathode for DSSC from highly conducting   a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJAN  a553-5620 v83 a<p>Here, we report the preparation of a flexible, free-standing, Pt- and TCO-free counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)-derived from polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT)-impregnated cellulose paper. The synthetic strategy of making the thin flexible PEDOT paper is simple and scalable, which can be achieved via in situ polymerization all through a roll coating technique. The very low sheet resistance (4 Omega/square) obtained from a film of 40 mu m thick PEDOT paper (PEDOT-p-5) is found to be superior to the conventional fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. The high conductivity (357 S/cm) displayed by PEDOT-p-5 is observed to be stable under ambient conditions as well as flexible and bending conditions. With all of these features in place, we could develop an efficient Pt- and TCO-free flexible counter electrode from PEDOT-p-5 for DSSC applications. The catalytic activity toward the tri-iodide reduction of the flexible electrode is analyzed by adopting various electrochemical methodologies. PEDOT-p-5 is found to display higher exchange current density (7.12 mA/cm(2)) and low charge transfer resistance (4.6 Omega) compared to the benchmark Pt-coated FTO glass (2.40 mA/cm(2) and 9.4 Omega, respectively). Further, a DSSC fabricated using PEDOT-p-5 as the counter electrode displays a comparable efficiency of 6.1% relative to 6.9% delivered by a system based on Pt/FTO as the counter electrode.</p>10acounter electrode10adye-sensitized solar cell10aflexible and thin devices10aimpedance analysis10ainterfacial polymerization10apolyethylenedioxythiophene1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aAgrawal, Ishita1 aBhange, Siddheshwar, N.1 aSoni, Roby1 aGame, Onkar, S.1 aOgale, Satishchandra, B.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/pt-and-tco-free-flexible-cathode-dssc-highly-conducting-and-flexible-pedot-paper-prepared-003112nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260007500243300001200318490000600330520215300336653003102489653002002520653003202540653001702572653002002589100002102609700002502630700002702655700002302682700002402705856012902729       2016                        eng d  a2196-021600aUnravelling the mechanism of electrochemical degradation of PANI in supercapacitors: achieving a feasible solution0 aUnravelling the mechanism of electrochemical degradation of PANI  aPOSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcJUN  a933-9420 v33 a<p>Herein, we have investigated the mode of electrochemical degradation of polyaniline (PANI) when it was utilized as electrodes for supercapacitors. The PANI-based electrodes in supercapacitor devices were biased at a constant potential of 0.80 V, and the performance characteristics and property changes were carefully investigated as a function of the difference in the polarity of the electrodes. Subsequent to this, the analysis of the individual electrodes [positive (POS-PANI) and negative (NEG-PANI)] shows that the degradation mainly occurs at POS-PANI in comparison to NEG-PANI. Moreover, NEG-PANI retains a maximum capacitance of 510 Fg(-1), with a low charge-transfer resistance (R-CT) of 1.84 Omega and similar redox behavior in comparison to the fresh PANI (f-PANI). In contrast to this case, POS-PANI shows significant loss in capacitance (250 Fg(-1)) and increase in R-CT (3.5 Omega) with a disappearance of the characteristic redox behavior normally displayed by PANI. Furthermore, the drastic drop in the electrical conductivity for POS-PANI (1.2 Scm(-1)) compared to f-PANI (3.4 Scm(-1) and NEG-PANI (2.4 Scm(-1)) shows that the degradation of PANI occurs mainly at the anode (POS-PANI) and, thus, contributes to reduce the net performance of the cell. Hence, to ensure this potential-induced degradation of PANI in supercapacitors and also to promote the system stability, we made an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) by keeping PANI as a negative electrode and using carbon as a positive electrode. The derived system is found to display stable capacitance behavior before and after the potential application, in contrast to the ASC fabricated by using conventional method, that is, by keeping PANI as the positive electrode and carbon as the negative electrode. Furthermore, the durability analysis of the prototype solid-state ASC shows an enhanced durability of 27000 cycles with excellent columbic efficiency. The findings of the present study will be helpful in the development of highly stable supercapacitors and other similar energy systems when a material like PANI should be utilized for the electrode applications.</p>10aasymmetric supercapacitors10acycle stability10aelectrochemical degradation10apolarization10aredox chemistry1 aSekar, Pandiaraj1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aVijayakumar, Vidyanand1 aLohgaonkar, Apurva1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/unravelling-mechanism-electrochemical-degradation-pani-supercapacitors-achieving-feasible01776nas a2200205   4500008004100000245010200041210006900143260000800212300001600220490000600236520104000242100002001282700002101302700002501323700002601348700002201374700002401396700002101420856012901441       2017                        eng d00aEnhanced proton conduction by post-synthetic covalent modification in a porous covalent framework0 aEnhanced proton conduction by postsynthetic covalent modificatio  cJUL  a13659-136640 v53 aA highly chemically stable porous covalent framework (PCF-1) based on ether linkages has been synthesized, which exhibits no loss up to similar to 500 degrees C along with retention of integrity under acidic, basic and oxidative reagent conditions. Owing to its thermal and chemical stability, post-synthetic covalent modification was executed for the introduction of pendant sulphonic acid (-SO3H) groups. The covalently modified compound (PCF-1-SO3H) presents a remarkably high conductivity (ca. 0.026 S cm(-1)), with an similar to 130 fold enhancement in proton conductivity over the parent compound. This value is comparable with those of commercially used Nafion-based proton conducting materials and stands as the highest known value in the regime of post-synthetically modified porous organic frameworks. It is noteworthy to mention that PCF-1 is stable in both acidic and alkaline media, which is not commonly observed for most of the porous materials trialed as proton conducting materials, including metal organic frameworks.1 aSamanta, Partha1 aDesai, Aamod, V.1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aShirolkar, Mandar, M.1 aKarmakar, Avishek1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aGhosh, Sujit, K.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhanced-proton-conduction-post-synthetic-covalent-modification-porous-covalent-framework02159nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260000900230300001400239490000600253520124100259653002901500653002201529653002501551653002201576653000901598653002901607653003301636100001701669700002701686700002501713700002401738856013101762       2020                        eng d  a2168-048500aNafion lonomer-based single component electrolytes for aqueous Zn/MnO2 batteries with long cycle life0 aNafion lonomerbased single component electrolytes for aqueous Zn  cAPR   a5040-50490 v83 a<p>Recently, aqueous rechargeable Zn/MnO2 batteries are emerging as promising energy storage aids owing to their improved safety, low cost of fabrication, and high energy density. However, the rapid decay of capacity during extended charge- discharge cycles hinders the prospect of this technology beyond lab-scale. In the conventional Zn/MnO2 cell, additives such as Mn2+ have been used to tackle the stability issue. Here, we demonstrate that cycling performance of the Zn/MnO2 cell can be improved substantially by using Nafion ionomer as the separator in combination with zinc-ion conducting electrolytes. The Nafion ionomer-based Zn/MnO2 cells do not require any Mn' additive in the electrolyte and hence termed as ``single component'' electrolytes. The postmortem study of the post-cycled electrodes reveals that the structural evolution of both the anode and cathode in various electrolytes (1 M Zn(CF3SO3)(2), 1 M ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O, and 3 M ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O) during prolonged cycling significantly influences the cycle life of the respective cells. Optimizing the Nafion ionomer membrane with a suitable electrolyte could render the desired combination of high capacity and high cycle life for a Zn/MnO2 cell.</p>
10aaqueous Zn-ion batteries10aCycling stability10adendrite suppression10aElectrodeposition10aMnO210aNafion ionomer separator10asingle component electrolyte1 aGhosh, Meena1 aVijayakumar, Vidyanand1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aKurungot, Sreekumar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/nafion-lonomer-based-single-component-electrolytes-aqueous-znmno2-batteries-long-cycle-life02460nas a2200193   4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260000900222300001400231490000700245520177300252100002702025700002502052700002402077700001902101700002402120856012202144       2021                        eng d  a1754-569200aIn situ polymerization process: an essential design tool for lithium polymer batteries dagger0 aIn situ polymerization process an essential design tool for lith  cMAY   a2708-27880 v143 a<p>Polymer electrolytes (PEs), a type of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), have been in contention for nearly half a century to replace organic liquid electrolytes (LEs) that are used in state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). They are envisaged to accelerate the industrial-scale production of safe, energy-dense, flexible, and thin lithium polymer batteries (LPBs). LPBs are expected to be widely employed for electric propulsion and other futuristic applications, such as flexible electronics and the Internet of Things (IoT). Even though several polymer architectures and chemistries have been attempted so far, PEs that can outperform LEs remain a real challenge. Apart from inadequate Li+-ion transport properties, challenges concerning the integration of PEs and the engineering of compatible, robust, and durable interfaces and interphases at both the electrodes of LPBs must be appropriately addressed. Recently, the in situ polymerization process has been widely employed as a robust fabrication tool for surpassing the intricacies related to the integration of PEs in LPBs. Hence, in this review, we focus on the in situ polymerization processes that employ various polymerization methods (e.g., free-radical polymerization, ionic polymerization, electropolymerization, condensation polymerization, etc.), functional monomers and oligomers (e.g., acrylate, methacrylate, allyl and vinyl ethers, epoxides, etc.), and PE integration strategies for the fabrication of lithium (ion and metal) polymer batteries (LIPBs and LMPBs). Additionally, this review also evaluates the approaches that have been developed until now to implement the in situ processing of LPBs from large-sized pouch cells to flexible-/printable-batteries and even microbatteries.</p>1 aVijayakumar, Vidyanand1 aAnothumakkool, Bihag1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aWinter, Martin1 aNair, Jijeesh, Ravi  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/situ-polymerization-process-essential-design-tool-lithium-polymer-batteries-dagger