01482nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245006700055210006500122260006900187300001200256490000700268520065100275653003600926653001800962653001400980653001400994100002101008700002201029700001601051700001801067700001801085700002201103856010301125       2005                        eng d  a0254-058400aNanostructured tin oxide: synthesis and gas-sensing properties0 aNanostructured tin oxide synthesis and gassensing properties  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcAUG  a384-3880 v923 a<p>Pure and Ru-doped nanostructured SnO2 sensing materials were synthesized using a modified Pechini route. Incorporation of Ru in SnO2 results in the reduction of particle size (8.3 nm) compared with that of the pure SnO2 (28.2 nm). Moreover, the sensor exhibited a reasonably good sensitivity towards both H-2 and liquified petroleum gas (LPG). The effect of Ru incorporation, operating temperature, and gas concentration on the structure, morphology, and sensitivity is discussed using the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with sensing performance. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10ahydrogen and hydrocarbon sensor10aNanostructure10aruthenium10atin oxide1 aNiranjan, R., S.1 aHwang, Young, Kyu1 aKim, D., K.1 aJhung, S., H.1 aChang, J., S.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/nanostructured-tin-oxide-synthesis-and-gas-sensing-properties-001740nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245007800055210006900133260006900202300001200271490000800283520096700291653001601258653001901274653001501293653001801308653001401326100002401340700001301364700002201377856011101399       2009                        eng d  a0925-400500aInvestigations on Ru doped ZnO: strain calculations and gas sensing study0 aInvestigations on Ru doped ZnO strain calculations and gas sensi  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcJUN  a466-4700 v1393 a<p>Pure and ruthenium (Ru) doped nano-crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) powders were synthesized by using well-known citrate gel route. Citric acid acts as a chelating agent and thus helps in the formation of nanoparticles. The detailed X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies using Hall equation reveal that in the nanoscale dimensions, incorporation of Ru modulates the lattice strain. It is interesting to note that on Ru doping, the compressive strain present in the undoped ZnO changes into tensile strain. We have tested the response of these specimens individually for reducing gases like H(2), LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), C(2)H(5)OH (ethanol), CO, acetone and oxidizing gases like NO, and Cl(2). Undoped ZnO responses perceptibly to LPG while Ru doped sample highly senses ethanol vapors. This might be due to either change in composition on Ru doping or/and difference between basicity of LPG and C(2)H(5)OH vapors. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCitrate gel10aEthanol sensor10aLPG sensor10aNanomaterials10aruthenium1 aNavale, Shalaka, C.1 aRavi, V.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/investigations-ru-doped-zno-strain-calculations-and-gas-sensing-study-0