01469nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245005000055210005000105260007300155300001400228490000700242520071400249653002300963653002400986653002501010653001801035100001301053700002301066700002001089700002101109700001301130856008401143       2006                        eng d  a0167-577X00aChemical methods to synthesize FeTiO3 powders0 aChemical methods to synthesize FeTiO3 powders  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAY  a1425-14270 v603 a<p>Three different techniques were used to synthesize FeTiO3 powders. The first method is simple coprecipitation of both Fe and Ti ions under basic conditions using standard ammonia solution from aqueous ferric nitrate and titanium oxy chloride. This precipitate on heating at 400 degrees C produces ilmenite phase. The second method is to digest hydroxide precipitates at 100 degrees C to form FeTiO3 phase. The third technique is to make use of citrate process to form FeTiO3 powders. The phase contents and lattice parameters were Studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particle size and morphology were studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aX-ray methods1 aMona, J.1 aKale, Sangeeta, N.1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aMurugan, Vadivel1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/chemical-methods-synthesize-fetio3-powders-001365nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245005600055210005600111260007300167300001400240490000700254520066500261653001300926653002400939653002500963653002200988100001501010700002001025700001201045856009001057       2006                        eng d  a0167-577X00aCoprecipitation technique to prepare LiTaO3 powders0 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare LiTaO3 powders  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAPR  a1047-10480 v603 a<p>A simple coprecipitation technique had been successfully applied for the preparation of pure ultrafine single phase LiTaO3 (LT). An aqueous mixture of ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydroxide was used to precipitate Li+ and Ta5+ cations as carbonate and hydroxide respectively. This precursor oil heating at 750 degrees C produces LT powders. For comparison, LT powders were also prepared by the traditional solid state method. The phase contents and lattice parameters were studied by the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particle size and morphology were studied by transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM). (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aX-ray diffraction1 aNavale, SC1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aRavi, V  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/coprecipitation-technique-prepare-litao3-powders-001483nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245005900055210005900114260010500173300001200278490000700290520069100297653001300988653002301001653002401024653002501048653001101073653001801084100001401102700002001116700001201136856009301148       2006                        eng d  a0250-470700aCoprecipitation technique to prepare NaNbO3 and NaTaO30 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare NaNbO3 and NaTaO3  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCEScAPR  a123-1250 v293 a<p>A simple coprecipitation technique has been used successfully for the preparation of pure, ultrafine, single phases of NaNbO3 (NN) and NaTaO3 (NT). An alcoholic solution of ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydroxide was used to precipitate Na+ and Nb5+ (or Ta5+) cations under basic conditions as carbonate and hydroxide, respectively. On heating at 700 degrees C, these precursors produce respective products. For comparison, both NN and NT powders were also prepared by the traditional solid state method. The phase purity and lattice parameters were studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The particle size and morphology were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aOxides10aX-ray methods1 aSamuel, V1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aRavi, V  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/coprecipitation-technique-prepare-nanbo3-and-natao3-001492nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005500112260010500167300001200272490000700284520071000291653001301001653002401014653002101038653001101059653002201070100002101092700002001113700001501133700001301148856008901161       2006                        eng d  a0250-470700aCoprecipitation technique to prepare Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O60 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare Sr05Ba05Nb2O6  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACADEMY SCIENCEScJUN  a221-2230 v293 a<p>An aqueous mixture of ammonium oxalate and ammonium hydroxide was used to coprecipitate barium and strontium ions as oxalates and niobium ions as hydroxide under basic conditions. This precursor on calcining at 750 degrees C yielded Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 phase. This is a much lower temperature than that prepared by traditional solid state method (1000 degrees C) as reported for the formation of Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 (SBN). Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) investigations revealed that the average particle size was 80 nm for the calcined powders. The room temperature dielectric constant at I kHz was found to be 1100. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop parameters of these samples were also studied.</p>10aCeramics10aElectron microscopy10aferroelectricity10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aMurugan, Vadivel1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aSamuel, V.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/coprecipitation-technique-prepare-sr05ba05nb2o6-001406nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245004400055210004400099260010600143300001400249490000700263520067200270653001300942653002300955653002400978653002501002653002201027100001901049700002001068700001301088856007501101       2006                        eng d  a0025-540800aSynthesis of MgNb2O6 by coprecipitation0 aSynthesis of MgNb2O6 by coprecipitation  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJUL  a1353-13560 v413 a<p>A simple coprecipitation technique was used successfully to synthesize fine powders of MgNb2O6 (MN) phase. An aqueous mixture of ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydroxide was used to precipitate Mg2+ and Nb5+ cations as carbonate and hydroxide respectively under basic conditions. This precipitate on heating at 750 degrees C produced MN powders. For comparison MN powders were prepared by the traditional solid state method. The phase content and the lattice parameters were studied by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particle size and morphology of the particles were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aX-ray diffraction1 aNavale, S., C.1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-mgnb2o6-coprecipitation-001827nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245004800055210004700103260007300150300001000223490000700233520100400240653001501244653002401259653001301283653001101296653001301307653002201320100001801342700002801360700002201388700002201410700001801432700002001450856007901470       2007                        eng d  a0167-577X00aAdsorption of methanol on mesoporous SBA-150 aAdsorption of methanol on mesoporous SBA15  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJAN  a88-920 v613 a<p>The adsorption of methanol onmesoporous SBA-15 has been studiedbyrising Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoclectrom spectroscopy (XPS) and tbennogravimettic analysis (TGA). The BET surface area analysis shows decreases of the surface area from 387 to 383 m(2)/g, pore volume from 0.88 to 0.81 cm(3)/g and pore diameter from 9.07 to 8.4 mm after methanol adsorption. The appearance of strong IR bands at 2862 and 2964cm(-1) due to methyl (-CH3) symmetric and asymmetric stretching demonstrate the presence of methanol and evidence of successful methanol adsorption. XPS results show increase of carbon and oxygen content on the surface of SBA-15. Thermogravirriettic analysis shows that the methanol adsorbed on SBA-15 is stable up to a temperature of 265 degrees C and that the methanol adlayers decompose between 265 and 588 degrees C. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aAdsorption10aElectron microscopy10aMethanol10aSBA-1510aSurfaces10athermal stability1 aMirji, S., A.1 aHalligudi, Shivaraj, B.1 aMathew, Nevin, T.1 aJacob, Nalini, E.1 aPatil, K., R.1 aGaikwad, A., B.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/adsorption-methanol-mesoporous-sba-15-001439nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245005000055210004900105260009900154300001200253490000700265520067900272653002100951653001300972653002400985653001101009653002201020100001901042700001901061700002001080700001301100856008401113       2007                        eng d  a0272-884200aCo-precipitation technique to prepare BaTa2O60 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare BaTa2O6  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJAN  a297-2990 v333 a<p>A mixture of ammonium oxalate and ammonium hydroxide was used to co-precipitate barium and tantalum ions as barium oxalate and tantalum hydroxide under basic conditions. On calcination at 750 degrees C, this precursor yielded BaTa2O6 (BT) ceramics. This is much lower temperature as compared to that prepared by traditional solid-state method (1000 degrees C) as reported for the formation of BaTa206. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) investigations revealed that the average particle size is 70 nm for the calcined powders. The room temperature dielectric constant at 1 kHz is found to be 100. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>10abarium tantalate10aCeramics10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aNavale, S., C.1 aSamuel, Violet1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/co-precipitation-technique-prepare-bata2o6-001333nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245004900055210004900104260007300153300001400226490000700240520056500247653002300812653002400835653002500859653001100884653001800895100001500913700002000928700001900948700001800967700001300985856008100998       2007                        eng d  a0167-577X00aCoprecipitation technique to prepare NiNb2O60 aCoprecipitation technique to prepare NiNb2O6  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcMAY  a2354-23550 v613 a<p>A mixture of ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydroxide was used to coprecipitate nickel and niobium ions as nickel carbonate and niobium hydroxide under basic conditions. This precursor yielded NiNb2O6 (NN) ceramics on calcining at 700 degrees C (at a temperature lower than 800 degrees C which is necessary for the formation of NiNb2O6 when prepared by the traditional solid state method). The average particle size and morphology of these powders were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aOxides10aX-ray methods1 aSamuel, V.1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aJadhav, A., D.1 aNatarajan, N.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/coprecipitation-technique-prepare-ninb2o601416nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245005700055210005700112260007300169300001200242490000700254520062500261653002300886653002400909653002500933653001100958653002200969100001500991700002001006700001901026700001801045700001301063856008601076       2007                        eng d  a0167-577X00aNovel technique to prepare LiNbO3 at low temperature0 aNovel technique to prepare LiNbO3 at low temperature  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcFEB  a765-7660 v613 a<p>Fresh niobium hydroxide was first precipitated from NbF5 solution using an aqueous ammonium hydroxide under basic conditions. Then a simple procedure of mixing lithium and niobium hydroxides together and heating at a low temperature (400 degrees C) produced pure ultrafine single phase LiNbO3 (LN). In the literature, this is the lowest temperature so far reported on the formation of LN. The phase content and lattice parameters are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average particle size and morphology were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aelectronic materials10aLiNbO310aX-ray diffraction1 aSamuel, V.1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aJadhav, A., D.1 aMirji, S., A.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-technique-prepare-linbo3-low-temperature01515nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245008300055210006900138260009900207300001200306490000700318520067600325653001301001653002301014653002401037653001101061653001801072100002101090700002001111700001501131700001301146856011401159       2007                        eng d  a0272-884200aPreparation of nanocrystalline ferroelectric CaBi4Ti4O15 by citrate gel method0 aPreparation of nanocrystalline ferroelectric CaBi4Ti4O15 by citr  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJAN  a569-5710 v333 a<p>A gel was formed when an aqueous solution of CaCl2, BiNO3, TiOCl2 and citric acid in stoichiometric ratio is heated on a water bath. This gel on decomposition at 700 degrees C produced nano crystallites of the ternary oxide, CaBi4Ti4O15 (CBT). The phase contents and lattice parameters were studied by the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Particle size and morphology was studied by transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM). The room temperature dielectric constant at 1 kHz is 390. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop parameters of these samples were also studied by a home-built Sawyer-tower circuit. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.H. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray methods1 aMurugan, Vadivel1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aSamuel, V.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-nanocrystalline-ferroelectric-cabi4ti4o15-citrate-gel-method-001836nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260007300215300001400288490000700302520085800309653002201167653001301189653002301202653002401225653001101249653001801260100002501278700002801303700002501331700002201356700002001378700002101398700001301419856011401432       2008                        eng d  a0167-577X00aPreparation of ferroelectric CaBi(4)Ti(4)O(15) powders from novel hydroxide precursors0 aPreparation of ferroelectric CaBi4Ti4O15 powders from novel hydr  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcAPR  a1751-17530 v623 a<p>Ferroelectric CaBi(4)Ti(4)O(15) (CBT) powders were prepared for the first time from their respective hydroxides. Commercially purchased Ca(OH)(2) is mixed thoroughly with freshly prepared Bi(OH)(3) and Ti(OH)(4) in stoichiometrie ratio and heated at different temperatures ranging from 100 to 600 degrees C. The CBT phase found to be formed at 500 degrees C by the X-ray diffraction studies. This is the lowest temperature so far reported in the literature for the formation of CBT phase. The advantage of this method is that it also avoids the formation of calcium carbonate phase during synthesis. The phase contents and lattice parameters were studied by the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The average particle size and morphology were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.</p>10aCaBi(4)Ti(4)O(15)10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray methods1 aDeshmukh, Rupali, G.1 aVaishampayan, Mukta, V.1 aDarshane, Sonali, L.1 aMulla, Imtiaz, S.1 aGaikwad, A., B.1 aRao, Kotaserwara1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparation-ferroelectric-cabi4ti4o15-powders-novel-hydroxide-precursors-0