02354nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245009400055210006900149260007200218300001200290490000600302520152700308653000901835653001701844653003001861653003001891653004101921100002901962700002101991856012402012       2011                        eng d  a2005-862400aHeat and mass transfer analysis in air gap membrane distillation process for desalination0 aHeat and mass transfer analysis in air gap membrane distillation  aPO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREAbTECHNO-PRESScJUL  a159-1730 v23 a<p>The air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) process was applied for water desalination. The main objective of the present work was to study the heat and mass transfer mechanism of the process. The experiments were performed on a flat sheet module using aqueous NaCl solutions as a feed. The membrane employed was hydrophobic PTFE of pore size 0.22 mu m. A mathematical model is proposed to evaluate the membrane mass transfer coefficient, thermal boundary layers' heat transfer coefficients, membrane/liquid interface temperatures and the temperature polarization coefficients. The mass transfer model was validated by the experimentally and fitted well with the combined Knudsen and molecular diffusion mechanism. The mass transfer coefficient increased with an increase in feed bulk temperature. The experimental parameters such as, feed temperature, 313 to 333 K, feed velocity, 0.8 to 1.8 m/s (turbulent flow region) were analyzed. The permeation fluxes increased with feed temperature and velocity. The effect of feed bulk temperature on the boundary layers' heat transfer coefficients was shown and fairly discussed. The temperature polarization coefficient increased with feed velocity and decreased with temperature. The values obtained were 0.56 to 0.82, indicating the effective heat transfer of the system. The fouling was observed during the 90 h experimental run in the application of natural ground water and seawater. The time dependent fouling resistance can be added in the total transport resistance.</p>10aAGMD10aDesalination10aheat transfer coefficient10amass transfer coefficient10atemperature polarization coefficient1 aPangarkar, Bhausaheb, L.1 aSane, Mukund, G.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/heat-and-mass-transfer-analysis-air-gap-membrane-distillation-process-desalination-002052nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245008000055210006900135260008600204300001400290490000700304520119700311653001201508653002701520653002001547653002601567653001501593100002901608700002101637700002301658700002101681856010801702       2014                        eng d  a1944-399400aStatus of membrane distillation for water and wastewater treatment-a review0 aStatus of membrane distillation for water and wastewater treatme  a530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USAbTAYLOR & FRANCIS INCcAUG  a5199-52180 v523 a<p>Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising separation technique for water treatment. It is a nonisothermal process known since 1963. However, this technology still needs to be developed for its industrial implementation for different purposes. This paper presents a status review of MD based on the available published literatures and on preliminary analysis. The review covers the concept, membranes and modules design, configurations, performance parameters, fouling phenomena, the heat and mass transfer phenomena, applications, energy assessment, heat integration, and Memstill technology of MD process. Earlier study indicates that the permeate quality obtained by MD is stable and practically independent on the feed concentrations. The permeate flux is strongly affected by the feed temperature, feed flow rate, vacuum pressure in vacuum MD, and the boundary layer heat transfer coefficient. The permeate flux obtained in the literature of MD process is disagree by an order of enormity and hence better experimental work is needed. The less attention was found in the literature towards the removal of organic and inorganic toxic constituents from the groundwater by MD process.</p>10aFouling10aMembrane configuration10aMembrane design10aMembrane distillation10awastewater1 aPangarkar, Bhausaheb, L.1 aSane, Mukund, G.1 aParjane, Saroj, B.1 aGuddad, Mahendra  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/status-membrane-distillation-water-and-wastewater-treatment-review-0