02197nas a2200169   4500008004100000245005500041210005500096260000800151300001600159490000700175520165800182100002701840700002701867700002001894700002601914856008701940       2016                        eng d00aCharacterization and valorization of biomass ashes0 aCharacterization and valorization of biomass ashes  cOCT  a20243-202560 v233 aIn India, farming is the primary source of income for many families. Following each harvest, a huge amount of biomass is generated. These are generally discarded as "agrowaste," but recent reports have indicated several beneficial uses for these biomasses and their ashes. However, before the utilization of biomass ashes (BMAs), their chemical and physical properties need to be investigated (characterized) so as to utilize their potential benefit to the fullest. In this paper, eight different biomass ashes (soybean plant ash, mustard plant ash, maize ash, groundnut plant ash, cotton plant ash, wheat plant ash, pigeon peas ash, and groundnut shell ash) were characterized, and their chemical properties are discussed. Surface chemical composition analysis, proximate analysis, and ultimate analysis were performed on all BMA samples, and properties such as porosity, particle density, bulk density, point of zero charge, BET surface area, water-absorption capacity, and bulk parameters such as surface pH and surface charges were determined. BMAs were characterized by SEM and FTIR. The surface areas of biomass ashes vary from 1.9 to 46 m(2)/g, and point of zero charge for all BMAs exceed 9.8, which confirmed the alkaline nature of these samples. Based on the chemical composition, BMAs are categorized into four types (S, C, K, and CK), and their utilization is proposed based on the type. BMAs find applications in agriculture and construction industries; glass, rubber, and zeolite manufacturing; and in adsorption (as a source of silica/zeolites). The paper also discusses the research challenges and opportunities in utilization of BMAs.
1 aTrivedi, Nikhilesh, S.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aMehetre, Sayaji1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/characterization-and-valorization-biomass-ashes02108nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245006200055210006200117260010200179300001400281490000800295520131400303653001701617653003001634653001801664653003801682100002301720700002701743700002601770856009401796       2016                        eng d  a0011-389100aCharacterizing fruit and vegetable peels as bioadsorbents0 aCharacterizing fruit and vegetable peels as bioadsorbents  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJUN  a2114-21230 v1103 a<p>Fruit and vegetable peel (FVP) wastes are a commonly generated organic waste from both households and food-processing industries. However, FVPs are low-cost lignocellulosic materials that have some potential for reutilization. For its particular reutilization, the characterization of FVP is essential. In this regard, the present study provides a detailed physico-chemical characterization of commonly used FVPs such as pomegranate, pineapple, watermelon, garlic, green pea and pigeon pea. The materials were characterized by SEM, FTIR and TGA/DTG. Various properties of these materials, such as porosity, particle density, bulk density, surface charges, point of zero charge, surface pH, water absorption capacity and BET surface area were determined. The BET surface area of FVP was found in the range 1.0-1.4 m(2)/g. Water absorption capacity was highest for watermelon peel (11.5 ml/g), while it was lowest for pigeon pea peel (5.5 ml/g). Point of zero charge and surface pH of all FVPs were in the acidic range 3-6. The surface of FVP was irregular and rough with some pores. Thermal analysis showed that FVPs are thermally stable below 150 degrees C. The results of this study provide an understanding of the properties of FVPs and suggest that the materials can be used as a low-cost adsorbent.</p>10aBioadsorbent10afruit and vegetable peels10aorganic waste10aphysico-chemical characterization1 aPathak, Pranav, D.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/characterizing-fruit-and-vegetable-peels-bioadsorbents02276nas a2200157   4500008004100000245012800041210006900169260000800238300001600246490000700262520164900269100002201918700002701940700002601967856012501993       2016                        eng d00aComparative evaluation of packed-bed performance of biomass ashes as adsorbents for removal of diuron from aqueous solution0 aComparative evaluation of packedbed performance of biomass ashes  cDEC  a28831-288460 v573 aThe packed-bed performance of biomass ashes (BMA), namely rice husk ash (RHA) and bagasse fly ash (BFA), was investigated for adsorptive removal of diuron (herbicide) under dynamic conditions. The effects of influent concentration (10-30mg/L), flow rate (1-3mL/min), and bed height (3-11cm) were studied at 30 degrees C and results were analyzed using various packed-bed models. The saturation time and capacity of the BFA bed were found to be approximately 1.5 and 1.6 times higher due to higher BET surface area than that of RHA bed. However, the bed utilization of RHA was higher because of smaller mass transfer zone. At a constant influent concentration (20mg/L) and flow rate (1mL/min), the maximum volume of diuron treated was 1,325 and 1,685mL using RHA (bed height 10cm) and BFA (bed height 11cm), respectively. Among the packed-bed models applied, the BDST model revealed the inconsistent MTZ and complex mechanism involving more than one rate-controlling step for the adsorption of diuron on both ashes. The kinetics in the initial part of the breakthrough curve was governed by external mass transfer according to the Bohart-Adams and Wolborska models. Better agreements between experimental and predicted values of bed capacities for each ash and the higher bed capacity of BFA than RHA were demonstrated by the Thomas model. The Yoon-Nelson model was found to be superior for BFA rather than for RHA to estimate 50% saturation time. However, the deactivation kinetic model, previously discovered and applied only for gas-solid adsorption, was found to be the best for the diuron-BMA (liquid-solid) adsorption system in this study.1 aDeokar, Sunil, K.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/comparative-evaluation-packed-bed-performance-biomass-ashes-adsorbents-removal-diuron