01884nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245005500055210005400110260007900164300001200243490000700255520112700262653001401389653001501403653002101418653003701439653001501476100002301491700002701514700002601541856008701567 2015 eng d a0167-829900aFruit peel waste as a novel low-cost bio adsorbent0 aFruit peel waste as a novel lowcost bio adsorbent aGENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANYbWALTER DE GRUYTER GMBHcAUG a361-3810 v313 a

Fruit peel waste (FPW) is abundantly available from the agricultural and food processing industry and has been studied in recent past as an adsorbent. This paper critically reviews the reported work and investigates various FPW-pollutant systems. The study includes statistics of FPW generation, modification, characterization, adsorption ability, recovery/regeneration, and modeling (isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics) of batch adsorption. It is found that orange and banana peels are the most extensively studied adsorbents, whereas Pb2+ and methylene blue are the most efficiently removed pollutants, the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms provide the best fit in most of the cases, and in general, pseudo-second-order kinetics is followed. There are very limited column studies and no report on commercial plant. Though the reproducibility of the results is poor, FPW has a great potential in the wastewater treatment due to its abundant and cheap availability. FPW can be used for removal of heavy metals and dyes; however, removal of organic and gaseous impurities needs further investigation.

10aadsorbent10aAdsorption10afruit peel waste10aorganic and inorganic pollutants10awastewater1 aPathak, Pranav, D.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/fruit-peel-waste-novel-low-cost-bio-adsorbent-002571nas a2200157 4500008004100000245014900041210006900190260000800259300001400267490000700281520192300288100002202211700002702233700002602260856012702286 2016 eng d00aAdsorptive removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous solution using bagasse fly ash as adsorbent in batch and packed-bed techniques0 aAdsorptive removal of 24dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from aqueous  cAUG a1971-19830 v183 aAmong the several synthetic herbicides available currently, 2,4-D is a commonly used herbicide to control broadleaf weeds in agriculture and forestry. However, its increasing use in agricultural and nonagricultural activities has resulted in increasing concentrations of 2,4-D being detected in water bodies. Thus, there is a need to identify methods to remove 2,4-D to protect the environment. Among the various methods used for 2,4-D removal, adsorption is found to be effective, and several adsorbents have been studied to remove 2,4-D from aqueous solutions. In this study, we used bagasse fly ash (BFA), a common industrial waste generated in large amount worldwide, for 2,4-D removal from aqueous solution using batch and continuous packed-bed adsorption. In the batch adsorption process, the effects of initial concentration, contact time, temperature, pH, and particle size of BFA were studied. The packed-bed performance of BFA was investigated by varying the influent concentration (50-150 mg/L), flow rate (1.2-4 mL/min), and bed height (4.5-9 cm). Isotherm and thermodynamic parameters are determined for batch adsorption, whereas the performance of continuous adsorption is evaluated by different packed-bed models. The particle-size effect indicated the higher removal of 2,4-D on the bigger particles of BFA due to greater BET surface area and carbon-to-silica ratio than smaller particles. The maximum percentage removal (37.04) is achieved for an influent concentration of 50 mg/L, flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, and bed height of 6.5 cm. For the first time ever, the deactivation kinetic model was applied for the solid-liquid adsorption system and it showed the best fit among the selected models. The bed capacity (m(2)/g) of BFA is three times greater than synthetic activated carbon for adsorption of 2,4-D. This informs that the BFA can be used as an adsorbent for 2,4-D removal from aqueous solution.1 aDeokar, Sunil, K.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/adsorptive-removal-24-dichlorophenoxyacetic-acid-aqueous-solution-using-bagasse-fly-ash02184nas a2200181 4500008004100000245012500041210006900166260000800235300001600243490000700259520149700266100002201763700001801785700001701803700002701820700002601847856012901873 2016 eng d00aAdsorptive removal of diuron on biomass ashes: a comparative study using rice husk ash and bagasse fly ash as adsorbents0 aAdsorptive removal of diuron on biomass ashes a comparative stud cJAN a22378-223910 v573 aThis study describes the use of two types of biomass ashes (BMAs) as adsorbents for diuron removal. Two BMAs, namely rice husk ash (RHA) and bagasse fly ash (BFA), were used in this study, and their adsorption behavior and adsorption mechanism were compared based on various characteristics, such as surface area, pore diameter, and volume. It was found that the particle size and the composition of these BMAs, especially the content of carbon and silica, primarily affect the adsorption kinetics and capacity. Compared with RHA, BFA has more carbon content (47.37%), and therefore shows higher adsorption capacity (43.48mol/g). In addition, BFA has larger external surface area and exhibited faster kinetics at the initial adsorption stage; by contrast, RHA due to its larger pore diameter allows for faster pore adsorption and surpasses the initial kinetic rate of BFA. For the same particle size (0.354-0.251mm), the equilibrium capacity of BFA was found to be four times greater than that of RHA; in addition, the surface area of BFA is two times more than that of RHA, suggesting that BFA has more active sites than RHA. It was found that solution pH influences adsorption mechanism of diuron molecule on BMA. The uptake capacity of BFA and RHA is 10 times greater than natural adsorbents such as soil and is comparable with synthetic adsorbents such as activated carbon and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. To our knowledge, removal of diuron using ashes has not been reported previously.1 aDeokar, Sunil, K.1 aSingh, Diksha1 aModak, Sweta1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/adsorptive-removal-diuron-biomass-ashes-comparative-study-using-rice-husk-ash-and-bagasse02040nas a2200157 4500008004100000245014900041210006900190260000800259300001600267490000700283520138800290100002201678700002701700700002601727856012901753 2016 eng d00aAgro-industrial waste: a low cost adsorbent for effective removal of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid herbicide in batch and packed bed modes0 aAgroindustrial waste a low cost adsorbent for effective removal  cAUG a16164-161750 v233 aThe present work describes the aqueous phase removal of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid herbicide by rice husk ash (RHA) using batch and packed bed adsorption techniques. The effects of dosage, initial concentration, time, pH, temperature, and particle size of adsorbent in batch compared with effects of influent concentration, flow rate, and bed height in packed bed were studied. The particle size effect reveals that the removal is dependent on chemical composition (silica and carbon content) together with BET surface area of RHA. The aptness of Langmuir isotherm to batch data indicates the favorable adsorption whereas that of Temkin isotherm informs the heterogeneous nature of RHA. The kinetics of adsorption follows the pseudo-second order and Elovich models while thermodynamics of process indicates the exothermic adsorption. Among the models applied in packed bed study, the deactivation kinetic, Yoon-Nelson and bed depth service time (BDST) models are suitable to explain the packed bed adsorption. The adsorption capacity of RHA in packed bed study is found greater than that in batch. The adsorption capacity of RHA determined by the BDST model is 3019 mg/L for 90 % saturation of bed. The adsorption capacity of RHA based on weight is similar to 2.3 times and that based on surface area is similar to 55.55 times greater than that of granular activated carbon.1 aDeokar, Sunil, K.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/agro-industrial-waste-low-cost-adsorbent-effective-removal-4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic01657nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245006000055210006000115260010200175300001200277490000800289520087100297653002401168653001201192653001601204653001401220653002701234100002201261700002701283700002601310856009101336 2016 eng d a0011-389100aBehaviour of biomass multicomponent ashes as adsorbents0 aBehaviour of biomass multicomponent ashes as adsorbents aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJAN a180-1860 v1103 a

Physico-chemical characteristics of rice husk ash and baggase fly ash, commonly referred to as biomass ashes enable their use as adsorbents. Contrary to normal expectations, it is observed that larger particles have more number, narrower and deeper pores than smaller particles. As a consequence they have higher pore volume, total surface area and hence adsorption capacity. Also, the uptake rate of adsorption depends on the silica to carbon ratio, which is seen to be smaller for larger particles and hence they take a longer time to reach equilibrium. The extent of carbon content determines the capacity, whereas silica to carbon ratio determines the kinetics of adsorption. Removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, from aqueous solution was chosen as a representative case for study and the results obtained are compared with earlier reported results.

10aAdsorption capacity10abagasse10abiomass ash10arice husk10asilica to carbon ratio1 aDeokar, Sunil, K.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/behaviour-biomass-multicomponent-ashes-adsorbents-002197nas a2200169 4500008004100000245005500041210005500096260000800151300001600159490000700175520165800182100002701840700002701867700002001894700002601914856008701940 2016 eng d00aCharacterization and valorization of biomass ashes0 aCharacterization and valorization of biomass ashes cOCT a20243-202560 v233 aIn India, farming is the primary source of income for many families. Following each harvest, a huge amount of biomass is generated. These are generally discarded as "agrowaste," but recent reports have indicated several beneficial uses for these biomasses and their ashes. However, before the utilization of biomass ashes (BMAs), their chemical and physical properties need to be investigated (characterized) so as to utilize their potential benefit to the fullest. In this paper, eight different biomass ashes (soybean plant ash, mustard plant ash, maize ash, groundnut plant ash, cotton plant ash, wheat plant ash, pigeon peas ash, and groundnut shell ash) were characterized, and their chemical properties are discussed. Surface chemical composition analysis, proximate analysis, and ultimate analysis were performed on all BMA samples, and properties such as porosity, particle density, bulk density, point of zero charge, BET surface area, water-absorption capacity, and bulk parameters such as surface pH and surface charges were determined. BMAs were characterized by SEM and FTIR. The surface areas of biomass ashes vary from 1.9 to 46 m(2)/g, and point of zero charge for all BMAs exceed 9.8, which confirmed the alkaline nature of these samples. Based on the chemical composition, BMAs are categorized into four types (S, C, K, and CK), and their utilization is proposed based on the type. BMAs find applications in agriculture and construction industries; glass, rubber, and zeolite manufacturing; and in adsorption (as a source of silica/zeolites). The paper also discusses the research challenges and opportunities in utilization of BMAs. 1 aTrivedi, Nikhilesh, S.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aMehetre, Sayaji1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/characterization-and-valorization-biomass-ashes02108nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245006200055210006200117260010200179300001400281490000800295520131400303653001701617653003001634653001801664653003801682100002301720700002701743700002601770856009401796 2016 eng d a0011-389100aCharacterizing fruit and vegetable peels as bioadsorbents0 aCharacterizing fruit and vegetable peels as bioadsorbents aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJUN a2114-21230 v1103 a

Fruit and vegetable peel (FVP) wastes are a commonly generated organic waste from both households and food-processing industries. However, FVPs are low-cost lignocellulosic materials that have some potential for reutilization. For its particular reutilization, the characterization of FVP is essential. In this regard, the present study provides a detailed physico-chemical characterization of commonly used FVPs such as pomegranate, pineapple, watermelon, garlic, green pea and pigeon pea. The materials were characterized by SEM, FTIR and TGA/DTG. Various properties of these materials, such as porosity, particle density, bulk density, surface charges, point of zero charge, surface pH, water absorption capacity and BET surface area were determined. The BET surface area of FVP was found in the range 1.0-1.4 m(2)/g. Water absorption capacity was highest for watermelon peel (11.5 ml/g), while it was lowest for pigeon pea peel (5.5 ml/g). Point of zero charge and surface pH of all FVPs were in the acidic range 3-6. The surface of FVP was irregular and rough with some pores. Thermal analysis showed that FVPs are thermally stable below 150 degrees C. The results of this study provide an understanding of the properties of FVPs and suggest that the materials can be used as a low-cost adsorbent.

10aBioadsorbent10afruit and vegetable peels10aorganic waste10aphysico-chemical characterization1 aPathak, Pranav, D.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/characterizing-fruit-and-vegetable-peels-bioadsorbents02276nas a2200157 4500008004100000245012800041210006900169260000800238300001600246490000700262520164900269100002201918700002701940700002601967856012501993 2016 eng d00aComparative evaluation of packed-bed performance of biomass ashes as adsorbents for removal of diuron from aqueous solution0 aComparative evaluation of packedbed performance of biomass ashes cDEC a28831-288460 v573 aThe packed-bed performance of biomass ashes (BMA), namely rice husk ash (RHA) and bagasse fly ash (BFA), was investigated for adsorptive removal of diuron (herbicide) under dynamic conditions. The effects of influent concentration (10-30mg/L), flow rate (1-3mL/min), and bed height (3-11cm) were studied at 30 degrees C and results were analyzed using various packed-bed models. The saturation time and capacity of the BFA bed were found to be approximately 1.5 and 1.6 times higher due to higher BET surface area than that of RHA bed. However, the bed utilization of RHA was higher because of smaller mass transfer zone. At a constant influent concentration (20mg/L) and flow rate (1mL/min), the maximum volume of diuron treated was 1,325 and 1,685mL using RHA (bed height 10cm) and BFA (bed height 11cm), respectively. Among the packed-bed models applied, the BDST model revealed the inconsistent MTZ and complex mechanism involving more than one rate-controlling step for the adsorption of diuron on both ashes. The kinetics in the initial part of the breakthrough curve was governed by external mass transfer according to the Bohart-Adams and Wolborska models. Better agreements between experimental and predicted values of bed capacities for each ash and the higher bed capacity of BFA than RHA were demonstrated by the Thomas model. The Yoon-Nelson model was found to be superior for BFA rather than for RHA to estimate 50% saturation time. However, the deactivation kinetic model, previously discovered and applied only for gas-solid adsorption, was found to be the best for the diuron-BMA (liquid-solid) adsorption system in this study.1 aDeokar, Sunil, K.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/comparative-evaluation-packed-bed-performance-biomass-ashes-adsorbents-removal-diuron02129nas a2200157 4500008004100000245011200041210006900153260000800222300001600230490000700246520150800253100002701761700002701788700002601815856013001841 2016 eng d00aMustard plant ash: a source of micronutrient and an adsorbent for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid0 aMustard plant ash a source of micronutrient and an adsorbent for cOCT a20087-200990 v233 aThe work highlights the utilization of an agricultural waste mustard plant ash (MPA) as a soil additive and an adsorbent. MPA was characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), proximate analysis, CHNS analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRF analysis confirmed the presence of CaO (31.35 %), K2O (18.55 %), and P2O5 (6.99 %), all of which act as micronutrients to plants. EDX also confirms high amount of elemental O, Ca, K, and P. The adsorptive ability of MPA was investigated using a commonly used herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), as a representative chemical. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effect of different operational parameters such as adsorbent dose, initial 2,4-D concentration, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption process. Data from experiments were fitted to various kinetic and isothermal models. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to show the best fit (R (2) > 0.99), with the highest k (2) value of the order 10(5). Based on the study results, dosage of MPA/hectare for different crops has been recommended for effective removal of 2,4-D. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which MPA has been characterized in detail and investigated for dual applications (as an adsorbent and as a soil additive).1 aTrivedi, Nikhilesh, S.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/mustard-plant-ash-source-micronutrient-and-adsorbent-removal-24-dichlorophenoxyacetic-acid01441nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260008600248300001600334490000700350520055900357653001500916653001600931653001800947653001900965653002500984100002301009700002701032700002601059856012601085 2016 eng d a1944-399400aUtilization of banana peel for the removal of benzoic and salicylic acid from aqueous solutions and its potential reuse0 aUtilization of banana peel for the removal of benzoic and salicy a530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USAbTAYLOR & FRANCIS INCcJUN a12717-127290 v573 a

We report on the adsorptive removal of benzoic acid (BA) and salicylic acid (SA) using banana peel (BP), an abundantly available agricultural waste material, for the first time. BP was characterized by proximate analysis, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy, BET surface area, and XRF. The number of basic sites on BP (4.9mmolg(-1)) is relatively more than acidic sites (0.75mmolg(-1)). The Langmuir uptake capacity values obtained are 6.62mgg(-1) for BA and 9.80mgg(-1) for SA. A mechanism for binding acid molecule to the BP surface is proposed.

10aAdsorption10aBanana peel10aBenzoic acids10aSalicylic acid10aWastewater treatment1 aPathak, Pranav, D.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/utilization-banana-peel-removal-benzoic-and-salicylic-acid-aqueous-solutions-and-its-001701nas a2200157 4500008004100000245005600041210005500097260000800152300001200160490000700172520120300179100002301382700002701405700002601432856008501458 2016 eng d00aValorization of banana peel: a biorefinery approach0 aValorization of banana peel a biorefinery approach cDEC a651-6660 v323 aBanana peel (BP) is an agrowaste produced in large volumes annually, especially by food-processing industries; however, its disposal is of significant concern. However, recent research suggests that BP is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, which can be converted into value-added products. This article reviews the conversion process of value-added products from BP and provides an outline on the chemical composition of BP and its possible applications. In addition, we also discuss the - utilization of BP as a substrate to produce animal feed, biofertilizer, dietary fibers, clean energy, industrial enzymes, as well as its use in the synthesis of nanomaterials. Based on the research conducted so far, it is obvious that BP has a wide variety of applications, and thus, developing a biorefinery approach to adequately utilize BP will help realize its economic benefits to the fullest. Based on the valorization of BP, a scheme for BP biorefinery has been proposed. A material balance for BP biorefinery for 1-ton bone-dry BP is presented and our results show that 432 kg of protein or 170 kg of citric acid, 170 kg of pectin, 325 m(3) of ethanol, and 220 m(3) of methane can be produced.1 aPathak, Pranav, D.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/valorization-banana-peel-biorefinery-approach01842nas a2200157 4500008004100000245006200041210006100103260000800164300001200172490000800184520132000192100002301512700002701535700002601562856009601588 2017 eng d00aFruit peel waste: characterization and its potential uses0 aFruit peel waste characterization and its potential uses cAUG a444-4540 v1133 aGlobally, India is the leading producer of fruits. Fruits after consumption leave a peel which is a nuisance to the environment as a solid waste. In this article, commonly available large volume-fruit peels (FP) (viz. banana, orange, citrus, lemon and jackfruit) were investigated for surface, physical and chemical characteristics with a view to propose their valorization in detail. Each FP was characterized by proximate and ultimate analysis, porosity, particle density, bulk density, point of zero charge (pH(pzc)), surface pH, surface charges, water absorption capacity, BET surface area, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and TGA/derivative of thermogravimetric. The BET surface area of FP is very less, between 0.60 and 1.2 m(2)/g. The pH(pzc) and surface pH values of orange peel (OP), citrus peel (CP), lemon peel (LP) and jackfruit peels (JFP) are in the range of 3-4. The pH(pzc) value and surface pH of banana peel (BP) is closer to 7. The order of surface acidity is OP > LP > CP > JFP > BP. From TG curves it is clear that FPs are stable below 150 degrees C. The results will be useful for rational design, when FP is used as a substrate for bioactive compounds, phenolic antioxidants, organic acids, enzymes, biofertilizer, production of energy and as adsorbents.1 aPathak, Pranav, D.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/fruit-peel-waste-characterization-and-its-potential-uses02198nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245013700055210006900192260000800261520134700269653002301616653001001639653003601649653002701685653004001712100002601752700001801778700002701796700002601823856013101849 2019 eng d a0944-134400aMethodology of evaluating sustainability index of a biomass processing enterprise: a case study of native cow dung-urine biorefinery0 aMethodology of evaluating sustainability index of a biomass proc cOCT3 a

Agriculture and its allied sector contribute significantly to the gross domestic product of every country. Several small-scale enterprises engaged in waste biomass processing have been setup recently. Such industrial setups not only help in solving the waste management issues but also play an important role in offering employment at the grass root level generating a significant social impact along with economic advantage to the local entrepreneur. Hence, assessment of such biomass processing enterprise (BPE) based on economic, environment, and social parameters has become necessary. In this paper, a general framework for sustainability assessment is discussed using a case study of cow dung-urine biorefinery as a representative BPE. Real-time data of BPE has been collected for evaluation and a sustainability index (SI) is evaluated using multicriteria decision method. The SI is calculated as per the weightage assigned and value function of the indicator and criteria. The SI for the BPE was observed to be 0.69 for the chosen set of criteria and indicator and weightages. A sensitivity analysis has been performed to check the dependence of the results on the weightages assigned to various criteria and indicators. It was also observed that the results were more sensitive to the indicators having a low value function.

10aIndicator analysis10aMIVES10aMulticriteria decision analysis10aPerformance evaluation10aSustainability assessment framework1 aJoglekar, Saurabh, N.1 aDarwai, Vivek1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/methodology-evaluating-sustainability-index-biomass-processing-enterprise-case-study-native02377nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210006900157260000800226300001200234490000700246520158300253653002601836653002601862653001801888653001101906100002601917700002801943700002701971700002601998856012302024 2019 eng d a0944-134400aProcess development of silica extraction from RHA: a cradle to gate environmental impact approach0 aProcess development of silica extraction from RHA a cradle to ga cJAN a492-5000 v263 a

India is one of the major rice-producing countries. Rice husk is a major agricultural by-product from rice production, which is used as a fuel in boilers. Its use as fuel produces huge amounts of silica-rich rice husk ash (RHA). This paper aims at providing an overall assessment of environmental impacts associated with the extraction of silica from RHAa process developed by our study group. The functional unit used in this study is production of 100kg of silica. The analysis included the extraction and transportation of other raw materials; RHA was assumed to be processed at the site. The study was conducted in accordance with the international ISO 14040 procedural framework. LCA is performed using GaBi Education software, and five midpoint indicators are chosen to assess the environmental impacts of silica extraction. The overall climate change (CC) of the extraction process is 7.26kg CO2 equivalent per kg of silica produced. A high contribution of calcination to CC is attributed to the use of electricity. The comprehensive environmental impacts of silica-rich RHA resulting from processing of RHA and improvement options to achieve sustainable production are presented. The negative impacts that can be avoided during silica extraction are also discussed. It is observed that calcination is a major contributor to the overall environmental indicators. The work also stresses on the use of renewable energy for electricity generation, which would help in decreasing the overall greenhouse gas emissions during extraction while ensuring waste utilization.

10aEnvironmental impacts10aLife cycle assessment10aRice husk ash10asilica1 aJoglekar, Saurabh, N.1 aKharkar, Rhushikesh, A.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/process-development-silica-extraction-rha-cradle-gate-environmental-impact-approach01543nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001300041245004900054210004800103260000800151300001400159490000700173520088400180653002401064653001601088653001601104653001701120653002501137100002301162700002701185700002601212856007501238 2019 eng d a1877264100aWaste to wealth: a Case study of papaya peel0 aWaste to wealth a Case study of papaya peel cJUN a1755-17660 v103 a

Papaya is a popular fruit consumed worldwide and well-known for its food and nutritional values. It is used in food industries for the production of jams, jellies, etc. As a result, these industries generate huge amounts of papaya peel (PP) and seeds as by-products, which are typically considered a waste, and thus discarded. However, our current investigation indicates that PP is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, which can be converted into many value-added products. In this article, we review the physicochemical composition and valorization of PP. PP can be utilized to obtain many value-added products by fermentation (e.g., biofuels, adsorbents, dietary fibers, biomedicine, biomaterials). The biorefinery approach for PP will definitely increase the value of this waste by producing an array of value-added products and achieving zero waste generation.

10aBioactive compounds10aBiorefinery10aPapaya peel10aValorization10aValue-added products1 aPathak, Pranav, D.1 aMandavgane, Sachin, A.1 aKulkarni, Bhaskar, D. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/waste-wealth-case-study-papaya-peel