02159nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245006700055210006700122260010600189300001200295490000700307520131200314653001501626653002001641653002501661653002601686653001101712100002801723700002001751700002401771700002101795856010101816 2005 eng d a0965-174800aGene expression patterns of helicoverpa armigera gut proteases0 aGene expression patterns of helicoverpa armigera gut proteases aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcAPR a355-3670 v353 a

Relative quantification of reported gut proteinase cDNAs from Helicoverpa armigera larvae fed on various host plants (cotton, chickpea, pigeonpea, tomato and okra), non-host plant Pis (winged bean, bitter gourd, ground nut, and capsicum) and during larval development has been carried out using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Five trypsin-like and three chymotrypsin-like proteinases were categorized as insensitive or sensitive to most of the proteinase inhibitors (Pis) and insensitive/sensitive to specific Pis based on their expression analysis. These results were supported by amino acid sequence analysis, where diverged amino acids were observed in the regions, which are reported to be involved in typical trypsin trypsin inhibitor interactions and critical for proteinase inhibitor resistance. Among exopeptidases (five aminopeptidase and three carboxypeptidase), HaAmi4 and HaAmi5 of aminopeptidase and HaCar1 of carboxypeptidase exhibited considerable differential expression. Elastase and cathepsin B-like proteinases were expressed at negligible levels. The proteases identified in the study would be ideal candidates for further interactions studies with protease inhibitors to understand the structural reasons of protease inhibitor insensitivity (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aexpression10agut proteinases10aHelicoverpa armigera10aProteinase inhibitors10aRT-PCR1 aChougule, Nanasaheb, P.1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aSainani, Mohini, N.1 aGupta, Vidya, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/gene-expression-patterns-helicoverpa-armigera-gut-proteases-001773nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245009300055210006900148260008800217300001400305490000700319520078000326653002401106653003301130653002101163653003401184100002201218700002601240700002001266700002301286700002401309700002601333700002101359856012701380 2007 eng d a0011-389100aGenetic diversity analysis of mango cultivars using inter simple sequence repeat markers0 aGenetic diversity analysis of mango cultivars using inter simple aC V RAMAN AVENUE, PO BOX 8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbCURRENT SCIENCE ASSOCcOCT a1135-11410 v933 a

With 33 polymorphic Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers, genetic diversity among 70 mango cultivars and a distant outgroup was analysed. Clustering was done using Dice and Jaccard coefficients with bootstrapping. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the Euclidean distances. Among the total 420 bands, 408 were polymorphic. Probability that any ISSR fragment is shared by two different cultivars was calculated to be 2.54 x 10(-1). Non-Indian mango cultivars were found genetically diverged from Indian mango germ pool. No separation was observed between North Indian and South Indian cultivars. Twelve different cultivar-specific bands were detected for six cultivars, which approved the effectiveness of ISSR markers in mango genetic diversity analysis.

10aDNA finger printing10ainter simple sequence repeat10aMangifera indica10aprinciple coordinate analysis1 aPandit, Sagar, S.1 aMitra, Sirsha, Sribas1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aPujari, Keshav, H.1 aPatil, Bhimarao, P.1 aJambhale, Narayan, D.1 aGupta, Vidya, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/genetic-diversity-analysis-mango-cultivars-using-inter-simple-sequence-repeat-markers-001858nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245006800055210006800123260009900191300001000290490000800300520103900308653001001347653002601357653001301383653001401396100002201410700002501432700002301457700002001480700002101500856009501521 2012 eng d a0308-814600aGeographic variation in the flavour volatiles of alphonso mango0 aGeographic variation in the flavour volatiles of alphonso mango aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcJAN a58-660 v1303 a

Alphonso, one of the most popular cultivars of mango in India is known to exhibit geographic variation in the flavour of ripe fruits. To get chemical insight into this difference, volatiles were studied in the ripening fruits of Alphonso mangoes from three cultivation locations in India. Ripe fruits from Deogad had lower content of mono- and sesquiterpenes and higher content of lactones and furanones as compared to the fruits from Dapoli: whereas fruits from Vengurle had average quantities of these chemicals in comparison with Deogad and Dapoli fruits. This variation was clearly reflected as separate clustering of the localities in the Principal Component Analysis. The localities were indistinguishable from each other in terms of raw fruit volatiles. This study exemplifies a case of phenotypic plasticity; since the plants chosen were clonally propagated, such geographic variation in the volatiles can be attributed to varied abiotic conditions at these three localities. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aMango10aPhenotypic plasticity10aRipening10aVolatiles1 aKulkarni, Ram, S.1 aChidley, Hemangi, G.1 aPujari, Keshav, H.1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aGupta, Vidya, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/geographic-variation-flavour-volatiles-alphonso-mango-001301nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245005300055210005200108260007500160300001200235490000600247520057000253653001000823653001300833653001400846653000900860100002500869700002300894700001600917700002500933700002000958856008100978 2013 eng d a1862-834600aGlycated proteome: from reaction to intervention0 aGlycated proteome from reaction to intervention aPOSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcJAN a155-1700 v73 a

Glycation, a nonenzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and proteins, is a proteome wide phenomenon, predominantly observed in diabetes due to hyperglycemia. Glycated proteome of plasma, kidney, lens, and brain are implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including diabetic complications, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and aging. This review discusses the strategies to characterize protein glycation, its functional implications in different diseases, and intervention strategies to protect the deleterious effects of protein glycation.

10aaging10aDiabetes10aGlycation10aRAGE1 aKulkarni, Mahesh, J.1 aKorwar, Arvind, M.1 aMary, Sheon1 aBhonsle, Hemangi, S.1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/glycated-proteome-reaction-intervention-002264nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245011700055210006900172260009000241300002600331490000600357520118200363100002401545700002701569700001901596700002701615700002001642700002001662700001401682700001601696700002001712700002101732700002001753700002001773700001801793700001901811856013201830 2016 eng d a2041-172300aGAME9 regulates the biosynthesis of steroidal alkaloids and upstream isoprenoids in the plant mevalonate pathway0 aGAME9 regulates the biosynthesis of steroidal alkaloids and upst aMACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLANDbNATURE PUBLISHING GROUPcFEB aArticle Number: 106540 v73 a

Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are cholesterol-derived molecules produced by solanaceous species. They contribute to pathogen defence but are toxic to humans and considered as anti-nutritional compounds. Here we show that GLYCOALKALOID METABOLISM 9 (GAME9), an APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor, related to regulators of alkaloid production in tobacco and Catharanthus roseus, controls SGA biosynthesis. GAME9 knockdown and overexpression in tomato and potato alters expression of SGAs and upstream mevalonate pathway genes including the cholesterol biosynthesis gene STEROL SIDE CHAIN REDUCTASE 2 (SSR2). Levels of SGAs, C24-alkylsterols and the upstream mevalonate and cholesterol pathways intermediates are modified in these plants. Delta(7)-STEROL-C5(6)-DESATURASE (C5-SD) in the hitherto unresolved cholesterol pathway is a direct target of GAME9. Transactivation and promoter-binding assays show that GAME9 exerts its activity either directly or cooperatively with the SlMYC2 transcription factor as in the case of the C5-SD gene promoter. Our findings provide insight into the regulation of SGA biosynthesis and means for manipulating these metabolites in crops.

1 aCardenas, Pablo, D.1 aSonawane, Prashant, D.1 aPollier, Jacob1 aBossche, Robin, Vanden1 aDewangan, Veena1 aWeithorn, Efrat1 aTal, Lior1 aMeir, Sagit1 aRogachev, Ilana1 aMalitsky, Sergey1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aGoossens, Alain1 aBurdman, Saul1 aAharoni, Asaph uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/game9-regulates-biosynthesis-steroidal-alkaloids-and-upstream-isoprenoids-plant-mevalonate-102629nas a2200229 4500008004100000245012800041210006900169260000800238300001200246490001000258520179900268100002002067700002402087700001902111700002602130700002202156700002302178700002102201700002602222700002002248856013102268 2017 eng d00aGenomic and functional characterization of coleopteran insect-specific alpha-amylase inhibitor gene from amaranthus species0 aGenomic and functional characterization of coleopteran insectspe cJUN a319-3320 v 94 3 aThe smallest 32 amino acid alpha-amylase inhibitor from Amaranthus hypochondriacus (AAI) is reported. The complete gene of pre-protein (AhAI) encoding a 26 amino acid (aa) signal peptide followed by the 43 aa region and the previously identified 32 aa peptide was cloned successfully. Three cysteine residues and one disulfide bond conserved within known alpha-amylase inhibitors were present in AhAI. Identical genomic and open reading frame was found to be present in close relatives of A. hypochondriacus namely Amaranthus paniculatus, Achyranthes aspera and Celosia argentea. Interestingly, the 3'UTR of AhAI varied in these species. The highest expression of AhAI was observed in A. hypochondriacus inflorescence; however, it was not detected in the seed. We hypothesized that the inhibitor expressed in leaves and inflorescence might be transported to the seeds. Sub-cellular localization studies clearly indicated the involvement of AhAI signal peptide in extracellular secretion. Full length rAhAI showed differential inhibition against alpha-amylases from human, insects, fungi and bacteria. Particularly, alpha-amylases from Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera) were not inhibited by AhAI while Tribolium castaneum and Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera) alpha-amylases were completely inhibited. Molecular docking of AhAI revealed tighter interactions with active site residues of T. castaneum alpha-amylase compared to C. chinensis alpha-amylase, which could be the rationale behind the disparity in their IC50. Normal growth, development and adult emergence of C. chinensis were hampered after feeding on rAhAI. Altogether, the ability of AhAI to affect the growth of C. chinensis demonstrated its potential as an efficient bio-control agent, especially against stored grain pests.1 aBhide, Amey, J.1 aChannale, Sonal, M.1 aYadav, Yashpal1 aBhattacharjee, Kabita1 aPawar, Pankaj, K.1 aMaheshwari, V., L.1 aGupta, Vidya, S.1 aRamasamy, Sureshkumar1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/genomic-and-functional-characterization-coleopteran-insect-specific-alpha-amylase-inhibitor01948nas a2200217 4500008004100000245014600041210006900187260000800256300001400264490000700278520115500285100001801440700002101458700002001479700002701499700002301526700001501549700002101564700002101585856012401606 2017 eng d00aGlucosylation of smoke-derived volatiles in grapevine (vitis vinifera) is catalyzed by a promiscuous resveratrol/guaiacol glucosyltransferase0 aGlucosylation of smokederived volatiles in grapevine vitis vinif cJUL a5681-56890 v653 aVinification of grapes (Vitis vinifera) exposed to forest fire smoke can yield unpalatable wine due to the presence of taint compounds from smoke and the release of smoke derived volatiles from their respective glycosides during the fermentation process or in-mouth during consumption. To identify glycosyltransferases (GTs) involved in the formation of glycosidically bound smoke-derived volatiles we performed gene expression analysis of candidate GTs in different grapevine tissues. Second, substrates derived from bushfire smoke or naturally occurring in grapes were screened with the candidate recombinant GTs. A resveratrol GT (UGT72B27) gene, highly expressed in grapevine leaves and berries was identified to be responsible for the production of the phenolic glucosides. UGT72B27 converted the stilbene trans-resveratrol mainly to the 3-O-glucoside. Kinetic analyses yielded specificity constants (k(cat)/K-m) of 114, 17, 9, 8, and 2 mM(-1) s(-1) for guaiacol, trans-resveratrol, syringol, methylsyringol, and methylguaiacol, respectively. This knowledge will help to design strategies for managing the risk of producing smoke-affected wines.1 aHaratl, Katja1 aHuang, Fong-Chin1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aFranz-Oberdorf, Katrin1 aFrotscher, Johanna1 aShao, Yang1 aHoffmann, Thomas1 aSchwab, Wilfried uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/glucosylation-smoke-derived-volatiles-grapevine-vitis-vinifera-catalyzed-promiscuous02383nas a2200205 4500008004100000245017400041210006900215260000800284300001400292490000700306520157700313100002301890700002301913700002001936700002601956700002001982700002602002700002202028856012702050 2017 eng d00aGlycoprotein alpha-amylase inhibitor from Withania somnifera differentially inhibits various alpha-amylases and affects the growth and development of Tribolium castaneum0 aGlycoprotein alphaamylase inhibitor from Withania somnifera diff cJUL a1382-13900 v733 a

BACKGROUND: Identification and characterisation of plant defensive molecules enrich our resources to design crop protection strategies. In particular, plant-derived proteinaceous inhibitor(s) of insect digestive enzymes appear to be a safe, sustainable and attractive option. RESULTS: A glycoprotein having non-competitive alpha-amylase inhibitory activity with a molecular weight of 8.3 kDa was isolated and purified from seeds of Withania somnifera alpha-amylase inhibitor (WSAI). Its mass spectrometry analysis revealed 59% sequence coverage with Wrightide II-type alpha-amylase inhibitor from Wrightia religiosa. A dose-dependent inhibition of alpha-amylases from Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis, Helicoverpa armigera and Tribolium castaneumwas recorded. Interestingly, WSAI did not inhibit human salivary alpha-amylase significantly. When adults of T. castaneum were fed with WSAI (1.6mg g(-1)), decrease inconsumption, growthandefficiency of conversion of ingested foodwas evident, along withover fourfold increases in feedingdeterrence index. Adecline inlarval residual alpha-amylase activity after feedingofWSAI resulted ina reduction in longevity of T. castaneum. CONCLUSION: The study reflects the significance of WSAI in affecting the overall growth and development of T. castaneum. Pre-and post-harvest pest resistive capability makes WSAI a potential candidate for insect pest management. Further, the effectiveness of this inhibitor could be explored either in formulations or through a transgenic approach. (C) 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

1 aKasar, Sainath, S.1 aMarathe, Kiran, R.1 aBhide, Amey, J.1 aHerwade, Abhijeet, P.1 aGiri, Ashok, P.1 aMaheshwari, Vijay, L.1 aPawar, Pankaj, K. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/glycoprotein-alpha-amylase-inhibitor-withania-somnifera-differentially-inhibits-various02440nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245013600055210006900191260000800260300001100268490000800279520148000287653001401767653001801781653003401799653002501833653001701858653002501875653001101900100002201911700002901933700002401962700002601986700002002012856013002032 2020 eng d a0926-669000aGeneration of novelties in the genus Ocimum as a result of natural hybridization: a morphological, genetical and chemical appraisal0 aGeneration of novelties in the genus Ocimum as a result of natur cNOV a1128590 v1563 a

The genus Ocimum is a boutique of a diverse set of specialized metabolites such as terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. Each Ocimum species and its cultivars represent a characteristic chemical profile. The present study explored the two interspecific Ocimum hybrids originating through a serendipitous natural cross between O. kilimandscharicum and O. basilicum. These two novel Ocimum hybrids exhibited intermediate morphological features of two parental species. Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) analysis and DNA barcoding with the plastid non-coding trnH-psbA intergenic spacer region reaffirmed unambiguous parental identification and differentiation of these natural hybrids from other available Ocimum species. Consequently, gas chromatographymass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling of two hybrids identified them as specific chemotypes with the presence of a unique blend of specialized metabolites from the parental species, which are either rich in terpenes or phenylpropanoids. Additionally, expression analysis of key genes from terpenoid and phenylpropanoid pathways corroborated with differential metabolite accumulation. Thus, these two Ocimum hybrids represented the novel chemotypes, which could be useful in commercial cultivation to produce novel essential oil and bioactive constituents. Further, the resulting metabolite diversity could have potential industrial applications in the areas of healthcare, bioremediation, and crop protection.

10aChemotype10aDNA barcoding10aInter Simple Sequence Repeats10aInterspecific hybrid10aO. basilicum10aO. kilimandscharicum10aOcimum1 aGurav, Tanuja, P.1 aJayaramaiah, Ramesha, H.1 aPunekar, Sachin, A.1 aDholakia, Bhushan, B.1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/generation-novelties-genus-ocimum-result-natural-hybridization-morphological-genetical-and02527nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245014400055210006900199260000800268300001200276490000700288520167700295653001901972653001401991653001802005653002602023653001102049653002802060100002202088700002602110700002002136856012902156 2022 eng d a1568-776700aGlance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species: Trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil0 aGlance at the chemodiversity of Ocimum species Trends implicatio cJUN a879-9130 v213 a

Ocimum species represent commercially important medicinal and aromatic plants. The essential oil biosynthesized by Ocimum species is enriched with specialized metabolites specifically, terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. Interestingly, various Ocimum species are known to exhibit diverse chemical profiles, and this chemical diversity has been at the center of many studies to identify commercially important chemotypes. Here, we present various chemotypes from the Ocimum species and emphasize trends, implications, and strategies for the quality and yield improvement of essential oil. Globally, many Ocimum species have been analyzed for their essential oil composition in over 50 countries. Asia represents the highest number of chemotypes, followed by Africa, South America, and Europe. Ocimum basilicum L. has been the most widespread and well-studied species, followed by O. gratissimum L., O. tenuiflorum L., O. canum Sims, O. americanum and O. kilimandscharicum Gurke. Moreover, various molecular reasons, benefits, adverse health effects and mechanisms behind this vast chemodiversity have been discussed. Different strategies of plant breeding, metabolic engineering, transgenic, and tissue-culture, along with anatomical modifications, are surveyed to enhance specific chemotypic profiles and essential oil yield in numerous Ocimum species. Consequently, chemical characterization of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum species has become indispensable for its proper utilization. The present chemodiversity knowledge from Ocimum species will help to exploit various applications in the industrial, agriculture, biopharmaceutical, and food sectors.

10aChemodiversity10aChemotype10aEssential oil10aMetabolic engineering10aOcimum10aSpecialized metabolites1 aGurav, Tanuja, P.1 aDholakia, Bhushan, B.1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/glance-chemodiversity-ocimum-species-trends-implications-and-strategies-quality-and-yield01935nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245008900055210006900144260000800213300001000221490000700231520111400238653001501352653001501367653002101382653002701403653002301430653001701453100002601470700002301496700002401519700002001543856011801563 2023 eng d a0095-362800aGenomic determinants of entomopathogenic fungi and their involvement in pathogenesis0 aGenomic determinants of entomopathogenic fungi and their involve cJAN a49-600 v853 a

Entomopathogenic fungi offer an effective and eco-friendly alternative to curb insect populations in biocontrol strategy. The evolutionary history of selected entomopathogenic fungi indicates their ancestral relationship with plant endophytes. During this host shifting, entomopathogenic fungi must have acquired multiple mechanisms, including a combination of various biomolecules that make them distinguishable from other fungi. In this review, we focus on understanding various biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in entomopathogenesis. In particular, we attempt to explain the indispensable role of enlarged gene families of various virulent factors, viz. chitinases, proteases, lipases, specialized metabolites, and cytochrome P450, in entomopathogenesis. Our analysis suggests that entomopathogenic fungi recruit a different set of gene products during the progression of pathogenesis. Knowledge of these bio-molecular interactions between fungi and insect hosts will allow researchers to execute pointed efforts towards the development of improved entomopathogenic fungal strains.

10aBiocontrol10aChitinases10aEndophytic fungi10aEntomopathogenic fungi10aHydrolytic enzymes10aInsect pests1 aVidhate, Ravindra, P.1 aDawkar, Vishal, V.1 aPunekar, Sachin, A.1 aGiri, Ashok, P. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/genomic-determinants-entomopathogenic-fungi-and-their-involvement-pathogenesis