01882nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245011400055210006900169260008900238300001200327490000700339520096200346653001901308653001701327653002301344653001901367653003001386100002001416700001501436700003301451700002501484856013101509       2005                        eng d  a0971-457X00aMagnetic and processability studies of nitrile rubber vulcanisates containing barium ferrite and carbon black0 aMagnetic and processability studies of nitrile rubber vulcanisat  aDR K S KRISHNAN MARG, NEW DELHI 110 012, INDIAbNATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONcSEP  a582-5870 v123 a<p>Fine particles of barium ferrite (BaFe12O19) belonging to the M-type hexagonal ferrites were prepared by the conventional ceramic techniques. They were incorporated into a nitrile rubber matrix according to a specific recipe for various loadings to produce rubber ferrite composites (RFC)The percolation threshold is not reached for a maximum loading of 130 phr (parts per hundred rubber). Here in this paper, the magnetic properties and processability of the nitrile rubber based RFCs containing barium ferrite (BaF) and HAF carbon black is reported. The magnetic properties of the ceramic ferrite and these rubber ferrite composites were evaluated and it was found that the coercivity values of RFCs were less than that of the ceramic BaF, but remained constant with the loading of both the ferrite filler and carbon black. However, other properties like saturation magnetization and magnetic remanence increased with the loading of ferrite filler.</p>10abarium ferrite10acarbon black10aMagnetic materials10anitrile rubber10arubber ferrite composites1 aSoloman, M., A.1 aKurian, P.1 aAnantharaman, Maliemadom, R.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-and-processability-studies-nitrile-rubber-vulcanisates-containing-barium-ferrite-002286nas a2200217   4500008004100000020001800041245009800059210006900157260009600226300001200322520144500334100002001779700001801799700001401817700001901831700002201850700002501872700002301897700001901920856012901939       2005                        eng d  a1-57498-218-400aMagnetic properties of nanosized ferrite powders synthesized by microwave-hydrothermal method0 aMagnetic properties of nanosized ferrite powders synthesized by   aSan Francisco, CAbAmer Ceramic Soc, 735 Ceramic Place, Westerville, OH 43081-8720 USAcAUG  a143-1483 a<p>Nanosized powders of Fe3O4 and MgFe2O4 are synthesized by microwave-hydrothermal (MH) method. The ferrite powders thus obtained are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, vibrating sample magnetometer and AC magnetic susceptibility studies. Stoichiometric, nanosized (similar to 34 nm) Fe3O4 particles, having cubic symmetry with a(0) approximate to 8.39 angstrom, are obtained when molar ratio of Fe/NaOH used for the synthesis is 0.133. On the other hand, non-stoichiometric Fe3O4 is obtained when Fe/NaOH molar ratio is increased to 0.4. Though the powder XRD patterns of both stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric Fe3O4 are identical, Mossbauer spectroscopic studies showed different features in terms of asymmetry, intensity, isomer shift, etc. Saturation magnetization, M-s = 70 emu/g and coercivity, H-c = 178 Oe, at room temperature, are obtained for stoichiometric Fe3O4 powders. In the case of MgFe2O4, spherical, nanosized (similar to 3 nm) powders with cubic symmetry (a(0) approximate to 8.30 angstrom) and having very narrow size distribution are obtained under the MH conditions. The temperature and field dependent magnetic measurements on MgFe2O4 powders confirmed the existence of superparamagnetic state in this material with a superparamagnetic blocking temperature of 38 K below which typical magnetic hysteresis behaviour is observed.</p>1 aKhollam, Y., B.1 aDhage, S., R.1 aVerma, S.1 aPotdar, H., S.1 aDeshpande, S., B.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aDate, Sadgopal, K.1 aSoohoo, R., F.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-properties-nanosized-ferrite-powders-synthesized-microwave-hydrothermal-method-002195nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245007300055210006900128260008300197300001100280490000700291520159200298100001901890700002501909856010301934       2005                        eng d  a1098-012100aMagnetic properties of the self-doped lanthanum manganites La1-xMnO30 aMagnetic properties of the selfdoped lanthanum manganites La1xMn  aONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USAbAMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCcJUL  a0244050 v723 a<p>The magnetic properties of different compositions in the self-doped lanthanum manganites, La1-xMnO3, have been studied by ac susceptibility and dc magnetization measurements in the temperature range 10-300 K. All compositions with x &lt; 0.125 show an anomalous decrease in the ac susceptibility and zero field cooled (ZFC) dc magnetization at low temperatures, below the ferromagnetic ordering temperature. The temperature below which this anomalous behavior is observed, T-a, varies with the degree of La vacancy in the series where the Mn4+ concentration decreases with increasing x. Moreover, T-a varies with the Mn4+ content for a given composition. However, in both cases, this temperature levels off when the concentration of Mn4+ is above 23%. The magnetic-transition-like feature broadens and shifts to further lower temperatures with increasing magnetic fields and vanishes when measured above a certain field. A small but drastic increase in the coercivity is observed below T-a. There is a direct correlation between the shapes of the curves of the inverse of the coercivity as a function of temperature and ac susceptibility, indicating the influence of magnetic anisotropy on the characteristics of the ac susceptibility and zero field cooled magnetization curves of the self-doped compounds. The direct correlation between the changes in the coercivity and ac susceptibility as well as ZFC magnetization when measured at low magnetic fields give evidence to the role of domain wall pinning effects, which varies with the degree of self-doping or Mn4+ concentration.</p>1 aSankar, C., R.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-properties-self-doped-lanthanum-manganites-la1-xmno3-102344nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245011300055210006900168260007300237300001200310490000800322520134400330653002101674653002201695653001601717653002401733653001801757100002001775700001701795700001401812700001601826700002101842700002501863700001901888700001801907856012901925       2006                        eng d  a0304-885300aModifications in magnetic anisotropy of M-type strontium hexaferrite crystals by swift heavy ion irradiation0 aModifications in magnetic anisotropy of Mtype strontium hexaferr  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcOCT  a392-4020 v3053 a<p>Using vibrating sample magnetometery (VSM) 50 MeV Li(3+) ion irradiation effects on magnetic properties of single crystals of SrGa(x)In(y)Fe(12-(x+y))O(19) (where x = 0, 5, 7, 9; y = 0, 0.8, 1.3, 1.0), are reported. The substitution of Ga and In in strontium hexaferrite crystals decreases the value of magnetization sharply, which is attributed to shifting of collinear magnetic order to a non-collinear one. Reduction of magnetization is also explained to be as a result of the occupation of the crystallographic sites of Fe(3+) by Ga(3+) and In(3+). The Li(3+) ion irradiation decreases the value of magnetization, irrespective of whether the crystals are Ga-In substituted or unsubstituted crystals of SrFe(12)O(19). The result is interpreted in terms of the occurrence of a paramagnetic doublet in crystals replacing magnetic sextuplet as a result of irradiation. Substitution of Ga-In in Strontium hexaferrite decreases the value of anisotropy constant. Irradiation with Li(3+) ions increases the values of anisotropy field for both substituted as well as unsubstituted crystals. Substitution with Ga-In also decreases the Curie temperature (T(c)) but the irradiation with Li(3+) ions does not affect the curie temperature of either Ga-In substituted or pure SrFe(12)O(19) crystals. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aanisotropy field10aCurie temperature10airradiation10aMagnetic anisotropy10aMagnetization1 aKaur, Balwinder1 aBhat, Monita1 aLicci, F.1 aKumar, Ravi1 aKulkarni, S., D.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aBamzai, K., K.1 aKotru, P., N.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/modifications-magnetic-anisotropy-m-type-strontium-hexaferrite-crystals-swift-heavy-ion-001315nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260007100246300001600317490000700333520048100340100002000821700001800841700002000859700002500879700002100904700001900925700003000944856012300974       2007                        eng d  a0743-746300aMultiutility sophorolipids as nanoparticle capping agents: synthesis of stable and water dispersible Co nanoparticles0 aMultiutility sophorolipids as nanoparticle capping agents synthe  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcNOV  a11409-114120 v233 a<p>Sophorolipids are a class of glycolipids that can be obtained from fatty acids by simply treating them with yeast cells (Candida bombicola, ATCC 22214) and glucose. In this letter, we demonstrate the application of sophorolipids obtained from oleic acid as a capping agent for Co nanoparticles. Upon capping the nanoparticle surface, the sugar moiety of these sophorolipids is exposed to the solvent environment, making the nanoparticles stable and water-redispersible.</p>1 aKasture, Manasi1 aSingh, Sanjay1 aPatel, Pitamber1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aPrabhune, Asmita1 aRamana, C., V.1 aPrasad, Bhagavatula L. V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/multiutility-sophorolipids-nanoparticle-capping-agents-synthesis-stable-and-water-001727nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245011400055210006900169260007400238300001100312490000800323520088300331653001201214653002401226653002701250653001801277100001501295700001901310700001801329700002501347856012501372       2008                        eng d  a0304-384300aMagnetic and Mossbauer spectroscopic studies of NiZn ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by a combustion method0 aMagnetic and Mossbauer spectroscopic studies of NiZn ferrite nan  aVAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDSbSPRINGERcAPR  a99-1070 v1833 a<p>The properties of nanocrystalline Ni(0.5)Zn(0.5)Fe(2)O(4) synthesized by an auto-combustion method have been investigated by magnetic measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The as-synthesized single phase nanosized ferrite powder is annealed at different temperatures in the range 673-1,273 K to obtain nanoparticles of different sizes. The powders are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, transmission electron microscopy and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The as-synthesized powder with average particle size of similar to 9 nm is superparamagnetic. Magnetic transition temperature increases up to 665 K for the nanosized powder as compared to the transition temperature of 548 K for the bulk ferrite. This has been confirmed as due to the abnormal cation distribution, as evidenced from room temperature Mossbauer spectroscopic studies.</p>10aFerrite10amagnetic properties10aMossbauer spectroscopy10aNanoparticles1 aSreeja, V.1 aVijayanand, S.1 aDeka, Sasanka1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-and-mossbauer-spectroscopic-studies-nizn-ferrite-nanoparticles-synthesized-001628nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245008800055210006900143260007900212300001100291490000700302520063900309653002200948653001900970653001700989653002101006653002501027653001801052653002901070653001801099653001401117100001901131700002501150700001901175700002501194856011901219       2009                        eng d  a1098-012100aMagnetic characteristics of nanocrystalline multiferroic BiFeO3 at low temperatures0 aMagnetic characteristics of nanocrystalline multiferroic BiFeO3   aONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USAbAMER PHYSICAL SOCcAUG  a0644230 v803 a<p>The magnetic characteristics of nanocrystalline BiFeO3 with average crystallite sizes of similar to 50 and similar to 100 nm are evaluated by studying the temperature and field dependence of magnetization at low temperatures. Different properties such as magnetization, coercivity, and remanence show evidence for changes in the magnetic properties associated with the phase transitions at low temperatures, reported from Raman studies. Detailed field-cooled and zero-field-cooled magnetization measurements show that the likely origin of the changes in the magnetic characteristics is from the changes in the domain structure.</p>10abismuth compounds10acoercive force10acrystallites10amagnetic domains10amagnetic transitions10aMultiferroics10aNanostructured materials10aRaman spectra10aremanence1 aVijayanand, S.1 aMahajan, Mangesh, B.1 aPotdar, H., S.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-characteristics-nanocrystalline-multiferroic-bifeo3-low-temperatures-001249nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245004800055210004800103260009200151300001800243490000800261520056500269653002400834653001400858653001700872100001400889700002500903700003300928856008200961       2009                        eng d  a0015-019300aMultiferroic behavior of gd based manganite0 aMultiferroic behavior of gd based manganite  a4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLANDbTAYLOR & FRANCIS LTDcOCT  aPII 9173249710 v3923 a<p>Here we report the multiferroic nature of charge ordered manganite Gd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 for the first time. The temperature variation of dielectric constant shows broad relaxor type ferroelectric transition at around 210K and magnetization measurements shows weak ferromagnetism at 50K. The dielectric peak is very close to charge ordering temperature which is an evidence of the link between electronic state and increase of dielectric response. Butterfly variation of capacitance with voltage confirms ferroelectric nature of the sample at room temperature.</p>10adielectric constant10amanganite10aMultiferroic1 aSagar, S.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aAnantharaman, Maliemadom, R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/multiferroic-behavior-gd-based-manganite-001863nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008100055210006900136260006900205300001200274490000800286520103800294653002401332653002601356653001501382653002401397100002701421700002501448700001901473700003301492856010801525       2010                        eng d  a0254-058400aOn the magnetic and dielectric properties of nickel-neoprene nanoconaposites0 amagnetic and dielectric properties of nickelneoprene nanoconapos  aPO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLANDbELSEVIER SCIENCE SAcMAY  a154-1600 v1213 a<p>Nickel nanocomposites were prepared by incorporating nickel nanoparticles in a neoprene matrix according to a specific recipe for various loadings of nickel particles. The dielectric properties of these composites were evaluated for different frequencies ranging from 100 kHz to 8 MHz at different temperatures from 30 degrees C to 120 degrees C. The dielectric permittivity increases with increase of nickel concentration. Increase in temperature enhances the permittivity initially, till 40 degrees C and thereafter the permittivity decreases. The dielectric loss exhibits relaxation peaks and the peaks shift to lower frequencies with increase in volume fraction of the nickel nanoparticles in the matrix. The evaluation of magnetic and dielectric properties of these composites suggests that the dielectric permittivity can be tailored by an appropriate loading of the filler using semi-empirical equations and the magnetic properties vary according to simple mixture equations. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aComposite materials10adielectric properties10aElastomers10amagnetic properties1 aJamal, Muhammad, Abdul1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aKurian, Philip1 aAnantharaman, Maliemadom, R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-and-dielectric-properties-nickel-neoprene-nanoconaposites-001870nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245009100055210006900146260005700215300001200272490000700284520104000291653002501331653002001356653002401376653001901400100002701419700002501446700001901471700003301490856011701523       2010                        eng d  a0170-083900aOn the magnetic, mechanical and rheological properties of rubber-nickel nanocomposites0 amagnetic mechanical and rheological properties of rubbernickel n  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGERcMAY  a907-9230 v643 a<p>Rubber-nickel nanocomposites were synthesized by incorporating freshly prepared nanometric nickel particles in two different matrices namely natural rubber and neoprene rubber according to specific recipes for various loadings of nano nickel and the cure characteristics of these composites were evaluated. The maximum torque values register an increase with the increase in loading of nickel in both composites and this is attributed to the non-interacting nature of nickel nanoparticles with rubber matrices. The cure time of natural rubber composites decreases with increase in the content of nickel, and in neoprene rubber cure, time increases with increase in filler content. In natural rubber, the curing reaction seems to be activated by the presence of nickel particles. The magnetization studies of the composites reveal that the magnetic properties of nickel are retained in the composite samples. The elastic modulus of natural rubber and neoprene rubber are largely improved by the incorporation of nickel particles.</p>10aCure characteristics10aElastic modulus10amagnetic properties10aNanocomposites1 aJamal, Muhammad, Abdul1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aKurian, Philip1 aAnantharaman, Maliemadom, R.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-mechanical-and-rheological-properties-rubber-nickel-nanocomposites-002511nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245010000055210006900155260007600224300001400300490000800314520159500322653001401917653002201931653001901953653001701972653001901989100002002008700001802028700001902046700001702065700002502082700001702107856012102124       2011                        eng d  a0021-899500aMagnetic and electric responsive hydrogel-magnetic nanocomposites for drug-delivery application0 aMagnetic and electric responsive hydrogelmagnetic nanocomposites  aCOMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USAbWILEY-BLACKWELLcOCT  a1364-13750 v1223 a<p>Magnetic and electrically responsive hydrogel networks were developed for drug-delivery applications. The hydrogel matrices were synthesized by the polymerization of acrylamide monomer in the presence of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or methylcellulose (MC) with N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, a crosslinker with the redox initiating system ammonium persulfate/tetramethylethylenediamine. The magnetic nanoparticles were generated throughout these hydrogel matrices by an in situ method by the incorporation of iron ions and their subsequent reduction with ammonia. A series of hydrogel-magnetic nanocomposites (HGMNCs) were developed with various CMC and MC compositions. The synthesized HGMNCs were characterized with spectral (Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy), X-ray diffraction, thermal, and microscopy methods. These HGMNCs contained iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with an average particle size of about 22 nm, as observed by transmission electron microscopy. The dielectrical properties of the pure hydrogel (HG); the hydrogel loaded with iron ions, or the hydrogel iron-ion composite (HGIC); and the HGMNCs were measured. These results suggest that HGMNCs exhibited higher dielectric constants compared to HG and HGICs. The curcumin loading and release characteristics were also measured for HG, HGIC, and HGMNC systems. These data revealed that there was a sustained release of curcumin from HGMNCs because of the presence of magnetic nanoparticles in the hydrogel networks. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 1364-1375, 2011</p>10ahydrogels10amagnetic polymers10aNanocomposites10ananoparticle10ananotechnology1 aReddy, Narayana1 aMohan, Murali1 aVaraprasad, K.1 aRavindra, S.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aRaju, Mohana  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-and-electric-responsive-hydrogel-magnetic-nanocomposites-drug-delivery-002434nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164260007300233300001400306490000800320520160500328653001901933653002401952653002101976100001901997700002702016700002502043700001702068856013102085       2012                        eng d  a0304-885300aMagnetic and magnetoelastic properties of Zn-doped cobalt-ferrites-CoFe2-xZnxO4 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3)0 aMagnetic and magnetoelastic properties of Zndoped cobaltferrites  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcJUL  a2286-22910 v3243 a<p>Cobalt-ferrite (CoFe2O4) based materials are suitable candidates for magnetomechanical sensor applications owing to a strong sensitivity of their magnetostriction to an applied magnetic field. Zn-doped cobalt-ferrites, with nominal compositions CoFe2-xZnxO4 (x=0-0.3), were synthesized by auto-combustion technique using Co-, Fe-, and Zn-nitrate as precursors. X-ray spectra analysis and Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed that the as-prepared powders were comprised of nano-crystalline (similar to 25-30 nm) cubic-spinel phase with irregularly-shaped grains morphology along with minor impurity phases. Calcination (800 degrees C for 3 h) of the precursor followed by sintering (1300 degrees C for 12 h) resulted in a single phase cubic-spinel structure with average grain size similar to 2-4 mu m, as revealed from scanning electron micrographs. The magnitude of coercive field decreases from similar to 540 Oe for x=0 to 105 Oe for x=0.30. Saturation magnetization initially increases and peaks to similar to 87 emu/g for x=0.2 and then decreases. The peak value of magnetostriction monotonically decreases with increasing Zn content in the range 0.0-0.3; however the piezomagnetic coefficient (d lambda/dH) reaches a maximum value of 105 x 10(-9) Oe-1 for x=0.1. The observed variation in piezomagnetic coefficient in the Zn substituted cobalt ferrite is related to the reduced anisotropy of the system. The Zn-doped cobalt-ferrite (x=0.1) having high strain derivative could be a potential material for stress sensor application. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aCobalt-ferrite10aMagnetic-properties10aMagnetostriction1 aSomaiah, Nalla1 aJayaraman, Tanjore, V.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aDas, Dibakar  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetic-and-magnetoelastic-properties-zn-doped-cobalt-ferrites-cofe2-xznxo4-x0-01-02-and-001420nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245008100055210006900136260010600205300001000311490000800321520065800329653002100987653002201008653001901030653002401049100001601073700002501089856010001114       2014                        eng d  a0038-109800aMagnetism in disordered carbon as a function of the extent of graphitization0 aMagnetism in disordered carbon as a function of the extent of gr  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJAN  a89-940 v1773 a<p>Magnetic properties of disordered carbon have been investigated as a function of the extent of graphitization. It is found that the magnetization of the disordered carbon decreases with increasing degree of graphitization. Treatment with acid modifies the magnetic characteristics considerably and the original magnetic characteristics are retained upon further heat treatment. The results show that the intrinsic magnetic behavior of the disordered carbon depends on the microstructure and that the edge states play a critical role in deciding the magnetic interactions in the amorphous carbon system. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aAmorphous carbon10adisordered carbon10aGraphitization10amagnetic properties1 aRaj, Govind1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetism-disordered-carbon-function-extent-graphitization-001230nas a2200145   4500008004100000245006800041210006800109260000800177300001200185490000800197520073100205100002300936700002500959856010000984       2017                        eng d00aMagnetoelastic properties of terbium substituted cobalt ferrite0 aMagnetoelastic properties of terbium substituted cobalt ferrite  cOCT  a465-4690 v6853 aThe magnetic properties of terbium substituted cobalt ferrites CoFe(2-x)TbxO(4) (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2) prepared by conventional solid state method are studied. The coercivity showed marked increase up to x = 0.1 and saturation magnetization decreased with increasing terbium content. Magnetostriction measurements did not show much decrease in the maximum value of strain but significant increase in the slope of magnetostriction was observed for x = 0.15 with moderate magnetostriction of around 144 ppm. The observed magnetic and magnetostrictive properties can be explained on the basis of structural and microstructural changes arising because of terbium substitution. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.1 aBhame, Shekhar, D.1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/magnetoelastic-properties-terbium-substituted-cobalt-ferrite01983nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245012100055210006900176260000900245300000800254490000700262520111400269653001301383653002301396653002801419653003001447653002701477100002901504700002001533700002501553700003101578856013201609       2022                        eng d  a0250-470700aMgB2/NaNO2-PVA free-standing polymer composite film as a green firework: a step towards environmental sustainability0 aMgB2NaNO2PVA freestanding polymer composite film as a green fire  cSEP   a1750 v453 a<p>
	We have demonstrated a simple fabrication methodology of free-standing polymer composite film firework that sparkles, provides colour display and moderate sound, yet is less polluting. The polymer composite film fireworks are composed of magnesium boride (MgB2), sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). This study also suggested that a flammable, explosive powder composition can be made of two very common inorganic precursors, mainly NaNO2 and MgB2 . This is the first report demonstrating composite film fireworks with new flammable composition using metal boride as a primary precursor, which can also be used in conventional fireworks fabrication, replacing the traditional fuel, mainly gunpowder. The film fireworks were free from charcoal, sulphur, metal powder and paper. Therefore, they substantially lower the odour and COx, NOx, emissions and minimize the substantial trash generated when burned. Most importantly, film firework's minimum ignition temperature and exothermic decomposition temperature are much higher than the ambient temperature; hence are safe to handle.</p>
10aFirework10afree-standing film10amagnesium boride (MgB2)10apoly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)10asodium nitrite (NaNO2)1 aJeyavani, Vijayakrishnan1 aKumar, Rajendra1 aJoy, Pattayil, Alias1 aMukherjee, Shatabdi, Porel  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/mgb2nano2-pva-free-standing-polymer-composite-film-green-firework-step-towards-environmental