02123nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245011900055210006900174260007100243300001200314490000700326520126200333100001701595700003301612700002001645700001901665700002901684700003101713700003001744856013101774       2010                        eng d  a0897-475600aStructure, electronic structure, optical, and dehydrogenation catalytic study of (Zn1-zInz)(O1-xNx) solid solution0 aStructure electronic structure optical and dehydrogenation catal  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJAN  a565-5780 v223 a<p>Indium and nitrogen codoping in ZnO leads to a solid solution of InN in ZnO with I composition of(Zn1-zInz)(O1-xNx). A simple solution combustion method has been adopted to prepare the above materials in less than 10 min with metal nitrates as the metal loll source and urea as fuel. With reference to ZnO, significant increase in lattice parameters was observed with increasing In-content. However, the In2O3 phase was Observed along with InN for]it content &gt;= 10%. Optical absorption extended into the Visible region, at least LIP to 550 nm, demonstrates an effective reduction of optical band gap due to the formation of solid Solution. A new feature observed just above O2p valence band in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggests the creation of N 2p states from InN; the N Is core level XPS result too confirms nitride contribution. Raman spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry results show direct In-N, Zn-N. and In-N-Zn fragments in (Zn1-zInz)(O1-x,N-x). Catalytic activity explored for Oxidation of 2-butanol to ethyl methyl ketone demonstrates a high selectivity at 350 and 400 degrees C. All of the above characteristics suggest the multifunctional nature of (Zn1-zInz)(O1-xNx) and its potential for other applications.</p>1 aMapa, Maitri1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aBhange, Deu, S.1 aSaha, Biswajit1 aChakraborty, Purushottam1 aViswanath, Annamraju, Kasi1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/structure-electronic-structure-optical-and-dehydrogenation-catalytic-study-zn1-zinzo1-xnx-001837nas a2200157   4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260011000219300001400329490000700343520114000350100003301490700003001523856012601553       2011                        eng d  a0959-942800aPorosity driven photocatalytic activity of wormhole mesoporous TiO2-xNx in direct sunlight0 aPorosity driven photocatalytic activity of wormhole mesoporous T  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJAN  a2639-26470 v213 a<p>Results obtained by combining four important factors simultaneously, namely, wormhole mesoporosity with low diffusion length for charge carriers, high surface area, nanoparticles with high crystallinity, and visible light absorption due to N-doping, in titania (meso-TiO2-xNx) are reported. Meso-TiO2-xNx materials have been prepared by a combustion method within 10 min and by varying urea : Ti(NO3)(4) between 1 (UT1) and 10 (UT10). All of the prepared materials have been thoroughly characterised. Nanocrystalline anatase phase with high surface area (234 m(2) g(-1)), and type-IV H-3-mesoporosity is observed with UT10. Photocatalytic rhodamine-B degradation was employed to screen for the activity of the materials, and p-anisyl alcohol oxidation to p-anisaldehyde was carried out successfully in aqueous solution under direct sunlight. High photocatalytic activity of UT10 in direct sunlight, in spite of high band gap (3.24 eV), is attributed to the better utilization of holes due to the low charge diffusion barrier associated with wormhole mesoporosity along with highly crystalline, however, nanoparticulate TiO2-xNx.</p>1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/porosity-driven-photocatalytic-activity-wormhole-mesoporous-tio2-xnx-direct-sunlight-003050nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245013800055210006900193260011000262300001600372490000700388520217100395100001902566700003302585700002602618700001902644700002502663700003002688856012602718       2012                        eng d  a0959-942800aGamma-Al2-xMxO3 +/- y (M = Ti4+ through Ga3+): potential pseudo-3D mesoporous materials with tunable acidity and electronic structure0 aGammaAl2xMxO3 y M Ti4 through Ga3 potential pseudo3D mesoporous   aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcAPR  a13484-134930 v223 a<p>A simple and highly efficient surfactant-free sol-gel process has been developed to obtain nanocrystalline mesoporous gamma-Al2O3 and metal ion incorporated mesoporous gamma-Al2O3 with general formula gamma-Al2-xMxO3 +/- y (where M = Ti4+ through Ga3+). Any one of the first row transition metal (TM) ions along with Ga3+ could be introduced into the gamma-Al2O3 framework in a direct one-pot synthesis process. The generality of the present synthesis recipe for metal ion incorporation in gamma-Al2O3 was demonstrated by preparation of an Al-Ga-M ternary oxide system with the metal ion composition of general formula Al9GaTM (TM = Ti4+ to Zn2+) and their characterization through various physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. The mesoporous gamma-Al2-xMxO3 +/- y materials showed a BET surface area in the range of 200-400 m(2) g(-1) with a narrow pore size distribution. Wormhole mesoporosity makes the material pseudo-3D (p3D) with a small pore depth of few nm (&lt;10 nm). Metal ions in gamma-Al2O3 lead to changes in the acidity and electronic environment. XRD, TEM, and Al-27 MAS NMR studies demonstrate that the sol-gel process and the disordered mesoporous structure allow Ga and TM ions to be highly distributed and integrated in the gamma-Al2O3 framework. The efficacy of these materials in catalysis has been successfully evaluated for steam reforming of dimethylether: Ni, Cu and Zn containing Al9GaTM oxides showed high activity and stability. The smaller mesochannel depth (&lt;10 nm) and pseudo-3D characteristics that arise due to the wormhole-type disordered mesoporous framework of these alumina materials facilitate mass transport through them without any leaching of metal ions out of the lattice and pore blocking during the reaction, which makes them attractive in catalysis. This preparation method is versatile enough to be used for a reproducible synthesis of metal ion incorporated mesoporous gamma-Al2O3 by varying the metal content and their combinations, and it is expected that many other metal ions could be introduced into the lattice framework for a variety of applications by tuning acidity and electronic structure.</p>1 aMathew, Thomas1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGnanakumar, Edwin, S.1 aYamada, Yusuke1 aKobayashi, Tetsuhiko1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/gamma-al2-xmxo3-y-m-ti4-through-ga3-potential-pseudo-3d-mesoporous-materials-tunable-002142nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245011400055210006900169260011000238300001200348490000700360520139400367100003301761700001801794700003001812856013001842       2012                        eng d  a1463-926200aMolecular oxygen-assisted oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene with nanocrystalline Ti1-xVxO20 aMolecular oxygenassisted oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenze  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcDEC  a461-4710 v143 a<p>Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene has been studied with vanadium-incorporated mesoporous nanocrystalline titania (Ti1-xVxO2) and molecular oxygen between 440 and 530 degrees C. Incorporation of V in TiO2 lattice framework has been achieved by simple solution combustion method. Incorporation of V in TiO2 lattice has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction, XPS and Raman spectra and other physicochemical analysis. High ethyl benzene conversion and stable styrene yield has been observed with 10% V-containing rutile phase titania at 500 degrees C. However, stable but relatively lower styrene yield has been observed with 2 and 5% V-containing catalysts between 440 and 500 degrees C. Highest selectivity is observed with lower vanadium content. Comparable activity has been observed under similar experimental conditions with four times higher air-flow than that of O-2. In order to understand the structure activity relationship, spent catalysts were analyzed by all physico-chemical methods. Although there is a phase change from anatase to rutile Ti1-xVxO2 within 1 h of reaction, higher activity is primarily attributed to the ionic V5+ in Ti1-xVxO2 lattice, which prevents agglomeration to V2O5. It is to be underscored the reactivity is retained at the cost of textural properties and phase change from anatase to rutile, which is essential for the reaction.</p>1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aVerma, Akrati1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/molecular-oxygen-assisted-oxidative-dehydrogenation-ethylbenzene-styrene-nanocrystalline-001511nas a2200229   4500008004100000022001400041245008800055210006900143260007300212300001000285490000800295520067000303653002200973653001700995653001901012653002201031100002501053700003301078700003001111700001801141856012201159       2012                        eng d  a0920-586100aSimple one pot synthesis of nano gold-mesoporous silica and its oxidation catalysis0 aSimple one pot synthesis of nano goldmesoporous silica and its o  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcDEC  a92-970 v1983 a<p>A simple one pot synthesis strategy using a non ionic triblock copolymer P123 as reducing as well as templating agent has been employed to prepare nano gold particles incorporated in the pores of mesoporous silica catalyst. The catalyst is characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherms at 77 K and TEM. The presence of small gold nanopartilces (similar to 2-4 nm) clearly demonstrated that this strategy can be effective in incorporating Au inside mesochannels. The catalyst reduced at 300 degrees C in H-2 was found to be active for oxidation reactions, such as CO oxidation, and benzyl alcohol. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.</p>10aAlcohol oxidation10aCO oxidation10aGold catalysis10aMesoporous silica1 aSekhar, A., C. Sunil1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.1 aVinod, C., P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/simple-one-pot-synthesis-nano-gold-mesoporous-silica-and-its-oxidation-catalysis-002145nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245015800055210006900213260007100282300001400353490000800367520134000375100003301715700002401748700002901772700003001801856013201831       2012                        eng d  a1932-744700aToward a quantitative correlation between microstructure and DSSC efficiency: a case study of TiO2-xNx nanoparticles in a disordered mesoporous framework0 aToward a quantitative correlation between microstructure and DSS  a1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USAbAMER CHEMICAL SOCcJAN  a2581-25870 v1163 a<p>The efficiency (eta) of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) depends on various parameters, the critical factors being a fast charge carrier transport and a slow rate of electron-hole recombination. The present article describes a simple combustion synthesis method to prepare TiO2-xNx with following four important features that directly influences eta: (1) a disordered mesoporous structural framework with high surface area to give high dye-loading and a small diffusion length for charge carriers allowing rapid movement to the surface; (2) electrically interconnected nanocrystalline TiO2-xNx particles with good necking and predominant (101) anatase facets to minimize electron-hole recombination; (3) low charge storage capacity in the titania framework; and (4) surface unsaturation assisting all the above factors. The pseudo-three-dimensional nature of mesoporous TiO2-xNx with the above features demonstrates the importance of textural features, and porosity allows faster diffusion of charge carriers to surface and their utilization to generate power. A quantitative correlation between interconnected nanoparticles over larger distances in a mesoporous framework and eta is demonstrated. This study also demonstrates an inexpensive and rapid method of producing the photoanode material with high eta in about 10 min.</p>1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aAgarkar, Shruti, A.1 aOgale, Satishchandra, B.1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/toward-quantitative-correlation-between-microstructure-and-dssc-efficiency-case-study-tio2-001825nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245013600055210006900191260011000260300001600370490000600386520101500392100002701407700003301434700003001467700002201497856012401519       2013                        eng d  a2046-206900aAminosilicate sol-gel stabilized N-doped TiO2-Au nanocomposite materials and their potential environmental remediation applications0 aAminosilicate solgel stabilized Ndoped TiO2Au nanocomposite mate  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcMAY  a13390-133980 v33 a<p>A facile chemical reduction method to synthesize amine functionalized silicate sol-gel-supported gold-deposited nitrogen-doped Degussa-TiO2 nanocomposite materials (APS/(N-P25-Au)(NCM)) is reported and the materials are characterized by DRS, PL, XRD, TEM, Raman, XPS and BET surface area analysis. The application of the synthesized APS/(N-P25-Au)(N)CM towards environmental remediation processes are investigated by studying the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and photocatalytic reduction of toxic mercuric (Hg(II)) ions. The catalytic and photocatalytic activity of the prepared catalysts are found to be in the order of APS/(N-P25-Au)(NCM) &gt;&gt; APS/(P25-Au)(NCM) &gt; N-P25 &gt; P25. The enhanced catalytic and photocatalytic activities of the APS/(N-P25-Au)(NCM) can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Au-nps and N-doped P25. The catalytic activities of the APS/(N-P25-Au)(NCM) are very promising in the field of green technology for the environmental cleaning applications.</p>1 aPandikumar, Alagarsamy1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.1 aRamaraj, Ramasamy  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/aminosilicate-sol-gel-stabilized-n-doped-tio2-au-nanocomposite-materials-and-their-001751nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245008800055210006900143260007300212300001200285490000800297520080800305653002201113653002501135653002801160653002201188653002001210653001801230653001401248100002401262700003301286700002201319700003001341856011401371       2013                        eng d  a0926-860X00aDisordered mesoporous V/TiO2 system for ambient oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides0 aDisordered mesoporous VTiO2 system for ambient oxidation of sulf  aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcFEB  a132-1380 v4523 a<p>High sulfide conversion and predominant sulfoxide yield has been observed with 0.1% vanadium doped disordered mesoporous Ti1-xVxO2 material at ambient and sub ambient temperatures using environmentally green H2O2 oxidant. Ti1-xVxO2 materials were prepared by one-pot solution combustion method in less than 15 min and thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction, HRTEM, Raman spectra and other physicochemical techniques. Different sulfides, such as, phenylsulfide, methyl-p-tolylsulfide, ethylsulfide, thioanisole, were converted into the corresponding sulfoxide. Isolated V5+ incorporated in the TiO2 lattice is likely to be the active species for the sulfide oxidation reaction. Catalyst recycling studies indicates the robustness of the catalyst. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>10aAmbient oxidation10aCombustion synthesis10aheterogeneous catalysis10aHydrogen peroxide10aMesoporous TiO210aSulfoxidation10aSulfoxide1 aNegi, Sanjay, Singh1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aSingh, Anand, Pal1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/disordered-mesoporous-vtio2-system-ambient-oxidation-sulfides-sulfoxides-002674nas a2200265   4500008004100000022001400041245011200055210006900167260007700236300001200313490000600325520169700331653002802028653001302056653002502069653001902094653002002113100003302133700002502166700001602191700001502207700002702222700003002249856012902279       2014                        eng d  a1867-388000aDisordered mesoporous TiO2-xNx+Nano-Au: an electronically integrated nanocomposite for solar H-2 generation0 aDisordered mesoporous TiO2xNxNanoAu an electronically integrated  aBOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANYbWILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBHcFEB  a522-5300 v63 a<p>We report on H-2 generation by photocatalysis driven by simulated white light by electronically integrated Au nanoparticles with multifunctional, disordered mesoporous TiO2-xNx (Au-NT) nanocomposites. Solar H-2 generation (1.5 mmolh(-1)g(-1)) from aqueous methanol has been demonstrated with Au-NT nanocomposites. The water splitting activity of Au-NT is attributed to the 21.1 ps lifetime of charge carriers observed from fluorescence lifetime measurements, which indicates a high electron-injection efficiency from nano-Au to the conduction band of TiO2, and hence charge separation as well as utilization. This is directly supported by the observation of a high photoluminescence emission intensity with Au-NT that highlights the energy transfer from nano-Au to TiO2. The p-n heterojunction observed between the Au (001) and TiO2 (101) facets helps to-wards the higher charge separation and their utilization. A low mesochannel depth (&lt; 10 nm) associated with disordered mesoporous TiO2-xNx helps the charge carriers to move towards the surface for redox reactions and hence charge utilization. Visible-light absorption, as a result of the surface plasmon resonance of nano-Au, is observed in a broad range between 500 and 750 nm, which helps in harvesting visible-light photons. Finally, electronically integrated nano-Au with TiO2-xNx in Au-NT is evident from Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. All of these factors help to achieve a high rate of H-2 production. It is likely that a higher rate of H-2 production than that reported here is feasible by strategically locating Au clusters in porous TiO2 to generate hot spots through electronic integration.</p>10aheterogeneous catalysis10aHydrogen10amesoporous materials10aphotochemistry10awater splitting1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aRajaambal, Sivaraman1 aDas, Tanmay1 aRoy, Kanak1 aBhattacharyya, Somnath1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/disordered-mesoporous-tio2-xnxnano-au-electronically-integrated-nanocomposite-solar-h-2-002147nas a2200169   4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260011000221300001600331490000600347520141000353100002401763700003301787700003001820856012701850       2015                        eng d  a2040-336400aRational approach towards enhancing solar water splitting: a case study of Au-RGO/N-RGO-TiO20 aRational approach towards enhancing solar water splitting a case  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcMAY  a11206-112150 v73 a<p>A rational approach was employed to enhance the solar water splitting (SWS) efficiency by systematically combining various important factors that helps to increase the photocatalytic activity. The rational approach includes four important parameters, namely, charge generation through simulated sunlight absorption, charge separation and diffusion, charge utilization through redox reaction, and the electronic integration of all of the above three factors. The complexity of the TiO2 based catalyst and its SWS activity was increased systematically by adding reduced graphene oxide (RGO) or N-doped RGO and/or nanogold. Au-N-RGO-TiO2 shows the maximum apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 2.46% with a H-2 yield (525 mu mol g(-1) h(-1)) from aqueous methanol, and overall water splitting activity (22 mu mol g(-1) h(-1); AQY = 0.1%) without any sacrificial agent under one sun conditions. This exercise helps to understand the factors which help to enhance the SWS activity. Activity enhancement was observed when there is synergy among the components, especially the simulated sunlight absorption (or one sun conditions), charge separation/conduction and charge utilization. Electronic integration among the components provides the synergy for efficient solar light harvesting. In our opinion, the above synergy helps to increase the overall utilization of charge carriers towards the higher activity.</p>1 aBharad, Pradnya, A.1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/rational-approach-towards-enhancing-solar-water-splitting-case-study-au-rgon-rgo-tio2-002506nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006800124260010200192300001000294490000800304520163300312653001301945653001701958653001901975653001601994653001802010653001802028653002002046100002502066700003302091700003002124856009802154       2015                        eng d  a0974-362600aRecent developments in solar H-2 generation from water splitting0 aRecent developments in solar H2 generation from water splitting  aC V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B \#8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIAbINDIAN ACAD SCIENCEScJAN  a33-470 v1273 a<p>Hydrogen production from water and sunlight through photocatalysis could become one of the channels, in the not-so-distant future, to meet a part of ever growing energy demands. However, accomplishing solar water splitting through semiconductor particulate photocatalysis seems to be the `Holy Grail' problem of science. In the present mini-review, some of the critical strategies of semiconductor photocatalysis are focused with the aim of enumerating underlying critical factors such as visible light harvesting, charge carrier separation, conduction and their utilization that determine the quantum efficiency. We attempted to bring out the essential requirements expected in a material for facile water splitting by explaining important and new designs contributed in the last decade. The newly emerged designs in semiconductor architecture employing nanoscience towards meeting the critical factors of facile photocatalysis are elucidated. The importance of band gap engineering is emphasized to utilize potential wide band gap semiconductors. Assistance of metal nanostructures and quantum dots to semiconductors attains vital importance as they are exuberant visible light harvesters and charge carrier amplifiers. Benevolent use of quantum dots in solar water splitting and photoelectrochemical water splitting provides scope to revolutionize the quantum efficiency by its multiple exciton generation features. A list of drawbacks and issues that hamper the much needed breakthrough in photocatalysis of water splitting is provided to invite attention to address them and move towards sustainable water splitting.</p>10aHydrogen10ananomaterial10aPhotocatalysis10aquantum dot10aSemiconductor10avisible light10awater splitting1 aRajaambal, Sivaraman1 aSivaranjani, Kumarsrinivasan1 aGopinath, Chinnakonda, S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/recent-developments-solar-h-2-generation-water-splitting-0