01872nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245010100055210006900156260000900225300001000234490000800244520103000252653002601282653001401308653001801322653002401340653001101364653001501375100002301390700001801413700002501431700003201456856013001488 2023 eng d a0920-586100aHydrogenation of levulinic acid to gamma-valerolactone over nickel supported organoclay catalyst0 aHydrogenation of levulinic acid to gammavalerolactone over nicke cJAN  a36-490 v4083 a

In this work, a series of Ni/Organoclay catalysts with different Nickel loadings were prepared by the wetimpregnation method for the catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to gamma-valerolactone (GVL). Reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, pressure, solvent effect, and wt% of catalyst were optimized to get excellent conversion of levulinic acid selectively to gamma-valerolactone. Ni/Organoclay with 30% Nickel loading exhibited 100% conversion of LA with 100% selectivity towards GVL at 140 degrees C and 3.0 MPa H2 pressure using 1,4-dioxane as a solvent in 5 h. Different bulk and surface characterization techniques such as XRD, BET, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XPS, XRF, NH3-TPD, and H2-Chemisorption were used to characterize the Ni/Organoclay catalyst. BET and NH3-TPD analysis showed that the pre-treatment of bentonite with surfactant (CTAB) improved the pore volume, surface area, and acidity of Organoclay which assisted in improving the conversion and selectivity of LA and GVL respectively.

10a?-Valerolactone (GVL)10aBentonite10aHydrogenation10aLevulinic acid (LA)10aNickel10aorganoclay1 aKamble, Paresh, A.1 aVinod, C., P.1 aRathod, Virendra, K.1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/hydrogenation-levulinic-acid-gamma-valerolactone-over-nickel-supported-organoclay-catalyst01568nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245007000055210006900125260000800194300001500202490000600217520081000223653002801033653001901061653001101080653001401091653002201105100002301127700001801150700002501168700003201193856010101225 2023 eng d a2365-654900aImine oxidation catalyzed by zinc hydroxyapatite: kinetic studies0 aImine oxidation catalyzed by zinc hydroxyapatite kinetic studies cMAY ae2022035030 v83 a

The synthesis of N,N-diphenylformamide from N-benzylideneaniline and urea hydrogen peroxide is investigated using a zinc hydroxyapatite (ZnHAP) catalyst. It was found that the catalyst resulted in the highest activity of 91 % conversion and 40 % selectivity at 130 degrees C in 2 h. A kinetic model was validated by Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) at different temperatures and the absence of mass transfer resistance was proved by the Weisz Prater criterion. Effect of different catalysts, catalyst loading, temperature, mole-ratio, and speed of stirring was studied. The as-synthesized catalyst is characterized by FTIR, BET nitrogen adsorption-desorption, TEM, EDX, TPD-NH3, XPS, ICP-MS and XRD. ZnHAP catalyst was found to be stable up to three recycles with no loss in activity.

10aheterogeneous catalysis10ahydroxyapatite10aimines10aOxidation10aReaction kinetics1 aVishwakarma, Rakhi1 aVinod, C., P.1 aRathod, Virendra, K.1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/imine-oxidation-catalyzed-zinc-hydroxyapatite-kinetic-studies01616nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001400041245008200055210006900137260000900206300001400215490000700229520098500236100002301221700002801244700002101272700003201293856010901325 2023 eng d a0888-588500aWadsworth-emmons reaction by using the fluorapatite catalyst: kinetic studies0 aWadsworthemmons reaction by using the fluorapatite catalyst kine cMAY  a7901-79110 v623 a

Wadsworth-Emmons reaction was successfully carriedout byusing the fluorapatite (FAP) catalyst. The reaction of 2-methoxybenzaldehydeand triethylphosphonoacetate using FAP afforded & alpha;,& beta;-unsaturatedester with 100% conversion and 80% selectivity. A kinetic model wasvalidated at different temperatures by Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson(LHHW), and the absence of mass transfer resistance was verified bythe Weisz Prater criterion. The effect of different catalysts, temperature,catalyst loading, solvent, mole ratio, and speed of stirring was studied.The FAP catalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, nitrogen adsorption-desorption,transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,temperature programmed desorption (TPD-NH3), X-ray diffraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The FAP catalyst was found tobe stable up to three recycles with no loss in activity.

1 aVishwakarma, Rakhi1 aVinod, Chathakudath, P.1 aRathod, Virendra1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/wadsworth-emmons-reaction-using-fluorapatite-catalyst-kinetic-studies01791nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245010500055210006900160260000900229300001100238490000800249520097500257653001301232653001801245653001101263653001501274653003101289100002301320700001801343700002501361700003201386856013101418 2024 eng d a0926-860X00aHydrogenation of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol over nickel-supported on organoclay catalyst0 aHydrogenation of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol over nic cMAR  a1196210 v6743 a

Nickel supported on organoclay prepared by the impregnation method provides excellent catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. The relative amount of metal and acidic sites influences the hydrogenation reaction. Additionally, by varying the temperature and the H-2 pressure, we can regulate the interaction of furfural with the active sites. And this may decide the fate of the reaction whether it will undergo a two-step hydrogenation to form tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol or a rearrangement reaction to form cyclopentanone/cyclopentanol. Water was found to be the best solvent for the selective formation of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. Even though alcohols inhibited rearrangement reaction, the hydrogenation of furfural was more selective towards furfuryl alcohol. Ni/O-clay30A under the optimum conditions of 120 degrees C, 4.0 MPa, and in 1 h offered complete conversion of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol.

10afurfural10aHydrogenation10aNickel10aorganoclay10aTetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol1 aKamble, Paresh, A.1 aVinod, C., P.1 aRathod, Virendra, K.1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/hydrogenation-furfural-tetrahydrofurfuryl-alcohol-over-nickel-supported-organoclay-catalyst01441nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001400041245008500055210006900140260000900209300001400218490000700232520080200239100002401041700003601065700002101101700003201122856010501154 2024 eng d a0888-588500aKinetic model of hydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol on a Ni/Bentonite catalyst0 aKinetic model of hydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol on a NiBen cMAR  a4771-47810 v633 a

In the present work, we studied the hydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol using a nickel/bentonite catalyst. The Ni/bentonite catalyst was prepared by the wet impregnation method and characterized by different methods to understand the catalyst surface morphology, surface area, metal content, pore size, etc. Different reaction parameters such as temperature, hydrogen pressure, metal loading, catalyst loading, and agitation speed were studied to achieve a glucose conversion of 96.8% and a sorbitol selectivity of 95.3%. The reusability test was performed to examine the stability of the catalyst. The kinetic models such as the Eley-Rideal and Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson models were used to study the hydrogenation of glucose and activation energy required for the reaction.

1 aPandya, Harmitkumar1 aVinod, Chathakudath, Prabhakara1 aRathod, Virendra1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/kinetic-model-hydrogenation-glucose-sorbitol-nibentonite-catalyst01948nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245010200055210006900157260000800226300001600234490000700250520124600257100001701503700001901520700003601539700002101575700003201596856012601628 2025 eng d a0888-588500aAldol Condensation of Furfural with Acetone by Using Mg-Al-O-t-Bu HT Catalyst and Kinetic Studies0 aAldol Condensation of Furfural with Acetone by Using MgAlOtBu HT cDEC a24938-249480 v643 a

An environment-friendly method for producing jet fuel precursors involves the aldol condensation of biomass-derived chemicals. In this study, the condensation reaction between furfural and acetone was performed using a Mg-Al-O-t-Bu hydrotalcite (HT) catalyst, achieving a furfural conversion of 99% and a selectivity of 82% toward 4-(2-furyl)-3-buten-2-one (FAc). The kinetics of the process were evaluated using a Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) model across a range of temperatures, and the model showed an excellent fit to the experimental data. The effect of different catalysts, reaction temperatures, catalyst loadings, molar ratios, and reaction times was systematically investigated. The Mg-Al-O-t-Bu HT catalyst was extensively analyzed through techniques such as XRD, XPS, FTIR, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, and CO2-TPD. The catalyst exhibited excellent stability, maintaining its performance consistently across five successive reaction cycles with no notable decline in activity. These findings highlight the industrial relevance of Mg-Al-O-t-Bu HT as a robust and recyclable solid base catalyst for biomass upgrading, with strong potential for process scale-up in renewable fuel production.

1 aPatil, Sneha1 aKamble, Paresh1 aVinod, Chathakudath, Prabhakara1 aRathod, Virendra1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/aldol-condensation-furfural-acetone-using-mg-al-o-t-bu-ht-catalyst-and-kinetic-studies01345nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245009000055210006900145260000800214300001600222490000700238520065800245100002500903700002300928700002800951700002500979700003201004856011501036 2025 eng d a1477-922600aSynthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose using a tert-butoxyapatite catalyst0 aSynthesis of 5hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose using a tertbut cSEP a13574-135870 v543 a

In this study, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) was obtained from glucose using tert-butoxyapatite, a heterogeneous catalyst. The tert-butoxyapatite catalyst was prepared and characterized by several techniques, such as XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS, elemental mapping HR-TEM, N2-adsorption/desorption, XPS, and FT-IR. Several parameters were studied, such as temperature, catalyst loading, and glucose concentration. The tert-butoxyapatite catalyst having both acidic and basic sites gave a maximum glucose conversion of 87% with a 48% yield of HMF at 160 degrees C using 20 wt% catalyst in 12 h. Reusability studies of the catalyst are also presented.

1 aKulkarni, Hemant, S.1 aKamble, Paresh, A.1 aVinod, Chathakudath, P.1 aRathod, Virendra, K.1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-5-hydroxymethylfurfural-glucose-using-tert-butoxyapatite-catalyst01635nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260000800219490000700227520086000234653001801094653001201112653001701124653001301141100002801154700002301182700002801205700002101233700003201254856011901286 2025 eng d a1867-388000aSynthesis of glycolic acid from glyoxal by using hydrotalcite catalyst and kinetic studies0 aSynthesis of glycolic acid from glyoxal by using hydrotalcite ca cJUN0 v173 a

In this work, Mg-Al hydrotalcite catalysts with different molar ratios were prepared using the co-precipitation method for the synthesis of glycolic acid (GA) from glyoxal. Various reaction parameters such as catalyst molar ratio, time, temperature, catalyst loading, and catalyst poisoning were studied and optimized for better conversion of glyoxal selectively to glycolic acid. Hydrotalcite catalyst with a 2:1 molar ratio of Mg: Al gives 98% conversion of glyoxal with 96% selectivity of glycolic acid at 100 degrees C temperature, 40% catalyst loading, and water as solvent in 8 h. Different characterization methods were used such as XRD, XPS, SEM-EDX, nitrogen adsorption desorption, and CO2-TPD for hydrotalcite catalyst. A kinetic study was also performed to observe the reaction order and activation energy required for the reaction.

10aGlycolic acid10aGlyoxal10ahydrotalcite10akinetics1 aPandya, Harmitkumar, N.1 aKamble, Paresh, A.1 aVinod, Chathakudath, P.1 aRathod, Virendra1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/synthesis-glycolic-acid-glyoxal-using-hydrotalcite-catalyst-and-kinetic-studies02712nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245006500055210006300120260000900183300001400192490000700206520208600213100002102299700001902320700002802339700002102367700003202388856009802420 2025 eng d a2058-988300aW/HAP catalyzed terpenic alcohols oxidation: kinetic studies0 aWHAP catalyzed terpenic alcohols oxidation kinetic studies cOCT  a2696-27100 v103 a

The selective oxidation of natural alcohols into carbonyl derivatives is a pivotal transformation in synthetic organic chemistry and industrial applications. This study focuses on the oxidation of borneol, a bicyclic secondary terpenic alcohol, into camphor using a tungsten-exchanged hydroxyapatite (W/HAP) catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant. Hydroxyapatite was synthesized via co-precipitation and functionalized with sodium tungstate to create the W/HAP catalyst, which was characterized using techniques such as SEM, EDS, TPD, XPS, and N2 adsorption-desorption to evaluate its surface morphology, porosity, and chemical composition. Oxidation reactions were conducted under optimized conditions, employing dimethylacetamide (DMA) as a solvent to achieve maximum conversion and selectivity. The W/HAP catalyst demonstrated superior performance, achieving nearly 99% conversion of borneol with 100% selectivity for camphor. Reaction parameters, including temperature, reactant stoichiometry, solvent choice, and catalyst loading, were systematically investigated. Higher reaction temperatures and oxidant concentrations favoured rapid conversion while maintaining high selectivity. Solvent effects revealed that DMA stabilized peroxo-tungstate intermediates, enhancing reaction efficiency compared to other solvents. Kinetic studies confirmed a first-order reaction mechanism with respect to borneol, and the activation energy was determined to be 44.23 kJ mol-1, highlighting the catalytic efficiency of W/HAP. Reusability tests confirmed the stability of the W/HAP catalyst over multiple cycles with minimal tungsten leaching. The methodology was extended to other terpenic alcohols, with varying degrees of success, emphasizing the substrate-specific activity of the catalyst. This work underscores the potential of tungsten-based heterogeneous catalysts in sustainable alcohol oxidation and highlights the industrial relevance of camphor synthesis as a renewable and eco-friendly approach to produce fine chemicals, fragrances, and pharmaceuticals.

1 aPoman, Aishwarya1 aKamble, Paresh1 aVinod, Chathakudath, P.1 aRathod, Virendra1 aKantam, Mannepalli, Lakshmi uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/whap-catalyzed-terpenic-alcohols-oxidation-kinetic-studies