01552nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245008700055210006900142260000800211300001100219490000600230520087600236653002201112653002101134653001601155653002701171100001701198700001701215856011401232       2021                        eng d  a2666-790800aCobalt recovery from spent Li-ion batteries using lactic acid as dissolution agent0 aCobalt recovery from spent Liion batteries using lactic acid as   cJUL  a1001220 v33 aThe eﬀective recovery of cobalt from spent cathode materials is a critical issue and becomes a necessary assignment for the waste treatment of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in concern with waste to wealth. The dissolution process encompasses an organic acid leaching followed by recovery of pure Co oxalate. The use of lactic acid effectively improves the leaching of spent LiCoO2 materials with ascorbic acid. The leaching efficiencies of 99% for Li and 98% for Co were achieved under the optimal condition of 0.5 mol/L lactic acid and 0.02 mol/L ascorbic acid, solid/liquid ratio of 2 g/L, leaching time of 360 min and temperature of 90 °C. Based on the kinetic analysis, the enhancement leaching process is mainly on the concentration of dissolution reagent. Compared to other organic acids used previously, lactic acid showed better dissolution behavior.10aCathode recycling10aKinetic analysis10aLactic acid10aSpent Li-ion batteries1 aSanthosh, G.1 aNayaka, G.P.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/cobalt-recovery-spent-li-ion-batteries-using-lactic-acid-dissolution-agent02520nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245010300055210006900158260000800227300001100235490000800246520160800254653001801862653001401880653001601894653002101910653002701931653002101958100001901979700001701998700001402015700001602029700001702045700002302062700001602085856012902101       2022                        eng d  a0169-131700aNa-montmorillonite to Fe(II)-Mt using ferrous citrate/ascorbate obtained by dissolving iron powder0 aNamontmorillonite to FeIIMt using ferrous citrateascorbate obtai  cFEB  a1063960 v2173 aBentonite containing montmorillonite (Mt) as the major clay mineral is the potential buffer material of engineered barrier system in the deep geological repository for high-level waste management. The corrosion products of canister/or overpack material (carbon steel) may alter the basic characteristics of bentonite through Fe/clay interaction and formation of FeMt to certain extent. A convenient method is required for quantitative preparation of Fe(II)-Mt because the only few direct methods reported have some limitations. For this, weak ferrous complexes having good solubility to facilitate the cation-exchange with bentonite is essential. Therefore, Fe(II)-citrate, Fe(II)-ascorbate and Fe(II)-citrate/ascorbate were obtained here by dissolving the iron powder (Fe0) in citric acid (CA), ascorbic acid (AA) and their equimolar mixtures from 25 mM to 300 mM at 70 °C under N2 atmosphere. The redox potential was measured to monitor the dissolution of Fe0 in these mild organic acids. Higher dissolution of Fe0 occurred in CA + AA mixture. The dissolved iron in the form of ferrous complex was reasonably stable in inert atmosphere, Fe2+/Fetotal ≈ 1. The parent clay mineral (bentonite, NaMt) was treated with Fe(II) − cit/asc to form Fe(II) − Mt. through cation exchange process. The CEC and ferrous to ferric ratio of the Fe(II)-Mt was close to the stoichiometric amount. The XRF, XRD, ac impedance, FT-IR, TGA/DSC, XPS and FE-SEM are used for further characterization. In-situ complexation reaction of interlayer Fe2+ ions in Fe(II)-Mt with o-phenanthroline was also observed.10aAscorbic acid10aBentonite10aCitric acid10aCr(VI) reduction10aFe(II)-montmorillonite10aIron dissolution1 aChikkamath, S.1 aManjanna, J.1 aMomin, N.1 aHegde, B.G.1 aNayaka, G.P.1 aKar, Aishwarya, S.1 aTomar, B.S.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/na-montmorillonite-feii-mt-using-ferrous-citrateascorbate-obtained-dissolving-iron-powder