01785nas a2200301   4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006900124260007900193300001400272490000700286520083700293653001101130653001301141653002301154653002401177653001101201653002201212100001401234700001901248700001901267700002101286700001801307700002401325700001801349700001301367856010301380       2008                        eng d  a1044-580300aLow temperature synthesis and characterization of BiNbO4 powders0 aLow temperature synthesis and characterization of BiNbO4 powders  a360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USAbELSEVIER SCIENCE INCcAUG  a1083-10870 v593 a<p>BiNbO4 powders, a potential microwave dielectric ceramic were prepared by both coprecipitation and solid state techniques. In the former method, an aqueous ammonium hydroxide was used to precipitate Bi3+ and Ta5+ cations as hydroxides simultaneously under basic conditions. It is observed that the co-precipitation produces BiNbO4 phase on heating at 600 degrees C, whereas complete phase formation occurs only at 800 degrees C in the case of solid state method. The phase contents and lattice parameters were studied by powder X-ray diffraction. The sequence of the reaction and phase evolution of BiNbO4 were also studied by the X-ray diffraction. The samples were characterized by the differential-thermal/thermo-gravimetric analyses and scanning electron microscopy techniques. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p>10aBiNbO410aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aRadha, R.1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aRao, Koteswara1 aPradhan, Sivaram1 aGupta, U., N.1 aJha, Ratnesh, Kumar1 aMirji, S., A.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/low-temperature-synthesis-and-characterization-binbo4-powders-002155nas a2200289   4500008004100000022001400041245008800055210006900143260010600212300001400318490000700332520116500339653001301504653002301517653002401540653001101564653002201575100001901597700001901616700001801635700002101653700002401674700001801698700001801716700001301734856011801747       2008                        eng d  a0025-540800aNovel hydroxide precursors for low temperature synthesis of selected ternary oxides0 aNovel hydroxide precursors for low temperature synthesis of sele  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDcJUL  a1842-18490 v433 a<p>A novel method of using hydroxide precursors to reduce the synthesis temperature for few selected ternary oxides has been presented here. This technique is very useful and advantageous when the ternary oxides contain an alkaline earth element. The selected compositions for this method are BaCeO3 (BC), BaBiO3 (BB), La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 (LSCO) and BaBi2Nb2O9 (BBN). Commercially purchased strontium (or barium) hydroxide and freshly prepared lanthanum, cobalt, bismuth and niobium hydroxides were mixed thoroughly in stoichiometric ratio and heated at different temperatures ranging from 100 to 700 degrees C for 10 h for corresponding compositions. The sequence of the reaction and evolution of the product phase were studied by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The phase purity and lattice parameters were also determined by XRD investigations. All the product phases in each case were formed at relatively low temperature than when they were prepared by co-precipitation or solid state method. The morphology and average particle size of these powders were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>10aCeramics10aChemical synthesis10aElectron microscopy10aOxides10aX-ray diffraction1 aMuthurajan, H.1 aRao, Koteswara1 aGupta, U., N.1 aPradhan, Sivaram1 aJha, Ratnesh, Kumar1 aKumar, H., H.1 aMirji, S., A.1 aRavi, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-hydroxide-precursors-low-temperature-synthesis-selected-ternary-oxides-0