02225nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001300041245011400054210006900168260000800237300001400245490000600259520147800265100002101743700001801764700001601782700001801798700002101816700002001837700001801857856013201875 2018 eng d a2047483000aHighly reactive crystalline-phase-embedded strontium-bioactive nanorods for multimodal bioactive applications0 aHighly reactive crystallinephaseembedded strontiumbioactive nano cJUL a1764-17760 v63 aIn the present work, a crystallization-induced strontium-bioactive material, with a composition similar to Bioglass 45S5 system, was obtained using a sol-gel-assisted microwave method with nanorod morphologies of 30-80 nm in size. The effect of crystallization induced in the glass network, and its influence on the bioactivity and mechanical properties of bone and dentin regeneration, were the main novel findings of this work. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction spectra showed the best fit with sodium (combeite, Na2Ca2Si3O9) and calcium (clinophosinaite, Ca2Na6O14P2Si2; calcium strontium silicate, Ca1.5O4SiSr0.5; and calcium carbonate, CaCO3) enriched crystal systems. Multinuclear solid-state NMR studies provided detailed atomistic insight into the presence of crystalline mineral phases in the bioactive material. The dentin matrix and antibacterial studies showed good results for 5% strontium-substituted calcium compared with basic 45S5 composition due to its smaller particle size (30 nm), which suggested applications to dentin regeneration. Simulation studies have been demonstrated with clinophosinaite crystal data from the XRD spectra, with the glycoprotein salivary metabolites also showing that 5% strontium-substituted calcium has a higher binding affinity for the salivary compound, which is suitable for dentin regeneration applications. In vitro apatite formation studies showed that this material is suitable for bone regeneration applications.1 aDurgalakshmi, D.1 aRakkesh, Ajay1 aKesavan, M.1 aGanapathy, S.1 aAjithkumar, T.G.1 aKarthikeyan, S.1 aBalakumar, S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/highly-reactive-crystalline-phase-embedded-strontium-bioactive-nanorods-multimodal-bioactive03949nas a2200217 4500008004100000245015000041210006900191260000800260300001100268490000700279520315700286100002003443700001803463700001603481700002303497700001903520700002203539700002003561700002103581856012903602 2025 eng d00aMoisture- responsive controlled-release herbicide system using guar gum and nano cellulose for sustainable weed management in rainfed agriculture0 aMoisture responsive controlledrelease herbicide system using gua cSEP a1065760 v273 a

Weed management poses a significant challenge in rainfed agricultural system, with chemical control being the predominant strategy due to its expeditious nature. However, the efficacy of herbicides in these systems is heavily dependent on optimal soil moisture, making the application of pre-emergence herbicides difficult due to erratic rainfall patterns. Sudden rainfall events post-sowing can result in sticky or muddy fields, complicating the application process and leading to infrequent use of pre-emergence herbicides in rainfed agriculture. To address these challenges, an innovative approach was developed involving the herbicide molecules entrapment in hydrogel matrices synthesized from biopolymers. This study focuses on the design and preparation of atrazine-loaded hydrogel using guar gum and nanocellulose, aimed at managing weeds in maize crops, which are prevalent in rainfed regions. The paper details the protocol for synthesizing the hydrogels and entrapment of atrazine, characterizing the formulations, and conducting pot validation trials to assess phytotoxicity and weed control efficacy compared to commercial atrazine application. The results demonstrated high water retention capacities and entrapment efficiency of the hydrogel for preferable application. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of atrazine at 802 cm-1 and other excipients in the encapsulated formulations, while XRD analysis verified the presence of nanocellulose. The release pattern indicated a sustained and controlled release of atrazine from the hydrogels over 40 h in-vitro studies, compared to the complete dissolution of pure atrazine within three hours. Screening trial further validated the crop safety and improved weed control efficiency of the entrapped formulations relative to commercial atrazine. The encapsulated formulations using biopolymer-based hydrogels show promise as a viable alternative for weed management in rainfed agriculture, offering controlled herbicide release and improved application efficiency under variable moisture conditions.

1 aPrasanna, Jakku1 aMarimuthu, S.1 aGowtham, G.1 aShanmuganathan, K.1 aLakshmanan, A.1 aChandana, Pebbeti1 aKarthikeyan, S.1 aSomasundaram, E. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/moisture-responsive-controlled-release-herbicide-system-using-guar-gum-and-nano-cellulose