02209nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245020800055210006900263260011000332300001400442490000800456520131200464100002501776700003101801700002901832700003701861856012901898       2012                        eng d  a0003-265400aPreparative separation of alpha- and beta-santalenes and (Z)-alpha- and (Z)-beta-santalols using silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel medium pressure liquid chromatography and analysis of sandalwood oil0 aPreparative separation of alpha and betasantalenes and Zalpha an  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcMAY  a4564-45700 v1373 a<p>The major sesquiterpene constituents of East-Indian sandalwood oil (Z)-alpha- and (Z)-beta-santalols have shown to be responsible for most of the biological activities and organoleptic properties of sandalwood oil. The work reported here describes the strategic use of medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) for the separation of both alpha- and beta-santalenes and (Z)-alpha- and (Z)-beta-santalols. Silver nitrate impregnated silica gel was used as the stationary phase in MPLC for quantitative separation of alpha- and beta-santalenes and (Z)-alpha- and (Z)-beta-santalols with mobile phases hexane and dichloromethane, respectively. The purities of alpha-santalene and (Z)-alpha-santalol obtained were &gt;96%; however, beta-santalene and (Z)-beta-santalol were obtained with their respective inseparable epi-isomers. Limits of quantification (LoQ) relative to the FID detector were measured for important sesquiterpene alcohols of heartwood oil of S. album using serial dilutions of the standard stock solutions and demonstrated that the quality of the commercial sandalwood oil can be assessed for the content of individual sesquiterpene alcohols regulated by Australian Standard (AS2112-2003), International Organization for Standardization ISO 3518: 2002 (E) and European Union (E. U.).</p>1 aDaramwar, Pankaj, P.1 aSrivastava, Prabhakar, Lal1 aPriyadarshini, Balaraman1 aThulasiram, Hirekodathakallu, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/preparative-separation-alpha-and-beta-santalenes-and-z-alpha-and-z-beta-santalols-using-001595nas a2200193   4500008004100000245013500041210006900176260000800245300001400253490000700267520084500274100001901119700002201138700002001160700003101180700003701211700002401248856012901272       2013                        eng d00aSelf-assembly to function: design, synthesis and broad spectrum antimicrobial properties of short hybrid E-vinylogous lipopeptides0 aSelfassembly to function design synthesis and broad spectrum ant  cNOV  a8468-84740 v563 aNonribosomal E-vinylogous gamma-amino acids are widely present in many peptide natural products and have been exploited as inhibitors for serine and cysteine proteases. Here, we are reporting the broad spectrum antimicrobial properties and self-assembled nanostructures of various hybrid lipopeptides composed of 1:1 alternating alpha-and E-vinylogous residues. Analysis of the results revealed that self-assembled nanostructures also play a significant role in the antimicrobial and hemolytic activities. In contrast to the alpha-peptide counterparts, vinylogous hybrid peptides displayed excellent antimicrobial properties against various bacterial and fungal strains. Peptides that adopted nanofiber structures displayed less hemolytic activity, while peptides that adopted nanoneedle structures displayed the highest hemolytic activity.1 aShankar, Shiva1 aBenke, Sushil, N.1 aNagendra, Narem1 aSrivastava, Prabhakar, Lal1 aThulasiram, Hirekodathakallu, V.1 aGopi, Hosahudya, N.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/self-assembly-function-design-synthesis-and-broad-spectrum-antimicrobial-properties-short01309nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245010500055210006900160260011000229300001400339490000700353520052600360100002500886700003100911700002100942700003700963856012701000       2014                        eng d  a1477-052000aBiocatalyst mediated regio- and stereo-selective hydroxylation and epoxidation of (Z)-alpha-santalol0 aBiocatalyst mediated regio and stereoselective hydroxylation and  aTHOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLANDbROYAL SOC CHEMISTRYcJAN  a1048-10510 v123 a<p>Biocatalyst mediated regio- and stereo-selective hydroxylation and epoxidation on (Z)-alpha-santalol were achieved for the first time, using a fungal strain Mucor piriformis. Four novel metabolites were characterized as 10,11-cis-beta-epoxy-alpha-santalol, 5 alpha-hydroxy-(Z)-alpha-santalol, 10,11-dihydroxy-alpha-santalol and 5 alpha-hydroxy-10,11-cis-beta-epoxy-alpha-santalol. Using Amano PS lipase from Burkholderia cepacia, alpha- and beta-isomers of 10,11-cis-epoxy-alpha-santalol were resolved efficiently.</p>1 aDaramwar, Pankaj, P.1 aSrivastava, Prabhakar, Lal1 aKolet, Swati, P.1 aThulasiram, Hirekodathakallu, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biocatalyst-mediated-regio-and-stereo-selective-hydroxylation-and-epoxidation-z-alpha-002317nas a2200217   4500008004100000022001400041245014200055210006900197260009000266300002500356490000600381520140900387100002701796700003101823700001601854700002101870700002401891700001901915700003701934856012801971       2015                        eng d  a2045-232200aCharacterization of 10-hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase from catharanthus roseus reveals cascaded enzymatic activity in iridoid biosynthesis0 aCharacterization of 10hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase from cathara  aMACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLANDbNATURE PUBLISHING GROUPcFEB  aArticle Number: 82580 v53 a<p>Catharanthus roseus [L.] is a major source of the monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs), which are of significant interest due to their therapeutic value. These molecules are formed through an intermediate, cis-trans-nepetalactol, a cyclized product of 10-oxogeranial. One of the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of MIAs is an NAD(P)(+) dependent oxidoreductase system, 10-hydroxygeraniol dehydrogenase (Cr10HGO), which catalyses the formation of 10-oxogeranial from 10-hydroxygeraniol via 10-oxogeraniol or 10-hydroxygeranial. This work describes the cloning and functional characterization of Cr10HGO from C. roseus and its role in the iridoid biosynthesis. Substrate specificity studies indicated that, Cr10HGO has good activity on substrates such as 10-hydroxygeraniol, 10-oxogeraniol or 10-hydroxygeranial over monohydroxy linear terpene derivatives. Further it was observed that incubation of 10-hydroxygeraniol with Cr10HGO and iridoid synthase (CrIDS) in the presence of NADP(+) yielded a major metabolite, which was characterized as (1R, 4aS, 7S, 7aR)-nepetalactol by comparing its retention time, mass fragmentation pattern, and co-injection studies with that of the synthesized compound. These results indicate that there is concerted activity of Cr10HGO with iridoid synthase in the formation of (1R, 4aS, 7S, 7aR)-nepetalactol, an important intermediate in iridoid biosynthesis.</p>1 aKrithika, Ramakrishnan1 aSrivastava, Prabhakar, Lal1 aRani, Bajaj1 aKolet, Swati, P.1 aChopade, Manojkumar1 aSoniya, Mantri1 aThulasiram, Hirekodathakallu, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/characterization-10-hydroxygeraniol-dehydrogenase-catharanthus-roseus-reveals-cascaded-102340nas a2200205   4500008004100000022001400041245010400055210006900159260009000228300002600318490000600344520149100350100003101841700002501872700002701897700002201924700001901946700003701965856013202002       2015                        eng d  a2045-232200aFunctional characterization of novel sesquiterpene synthases from Indian sandalwood, santalum album0 aFunctional characterization of novel sesquiterpene synthases fro  aMACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLANDbNATURE PUBLISHING GROUPcMAY  aArticle Number: 100950 v53 a<p>Indian Sandalwood, Santalum album L. is highly valued for its fragrant heartwood oil and is dominated by a blend of sesquiterpenes. Sesquiterpenes are formed through cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), catalyzed by metal dependent terpene cyclases. This report describes the cloning and functional characterization of five genes, which encode two sesquisabinene synthases (SaSQS1, SaSQS2), bisabolene synthase (SaBS), santalene synthase (SaSS) and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (SaFDS) using the transcriptome sequencing of S. album. Using Illumina next generation sequencing, 33.32 million high quality raw reads were generated, which were assembled into 84,094 unigenes with an average length of 494.17 bp. Based on the transcriptome sequencing, five sesquiterpene synthases SaFDS, SaSQS1, SaSQS2, SaBS and SaSS involved in the biosynthesis of FPP, sesquisabinene, beta-bisabolene and santalenes, respectively, were cloned and functionally characterized. Novel sesquiterpene synthases (SaSQS1 and SaSQS2) were characterized as isoforms of sesquisabinene synthase with varying kinetic parameters and expression levels. Furthermore, the feasibility of microbial production of sesquisabinene from both the unigenes, SaSQS1 and SaSQS2 in non-optimized bacterial cell for the preparative scale production of sesquisabinene has been demonstrated. These results may pave the way for in vivo production of sandalwood sesquiterpenes in genetically tractable heterologous systems.</p>1 aSrivastava, Prabhakar, Lal1 aDaramwar, Pankaj, P.1 aKrithika, Ramakrishnan1 aPandreka, Avinash1 aShankar, Shiva1 aThulasiram, Hirekodathakallu, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/functional-characterization-novel-sesquiterpene-synthases-indian-sandalwood-santalum-album-102124nas a2200157   4500008004100000245016700041210006900208260000800277300002500285490000600310520145000316100003101766700001901797700002501816856012501841       2018                        eng d00aComprehensive metabolic and transcriptomic profiling of various tissues provide insights for saponin biosynthesis in the medicinally important Asparagus racemosus0 aComprehensive metabolic and transcriptomic profiling of various   cJUN  aArticle Number: 90980 v83 aAsparagus racemosus (Shatavari), belongs to the family Asparagaceae and is known as a "curer of hundred diseases" since ancient time. This plant has been exploited as a food supplement to enhance immune system and regarded as a highly valued medicinal plant in Ayurvedic medicine system for the treatment of various ailments such as gastric ulcers, dyspepsia, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, as a galactogogue and against several other diseases. In depth metabolic fingerprinting of various parts of the plant led to the identification of 13 monoterpenoids exclusively present in roots. LC-MS profiling led to the identification of a significant number of steroidal saponins (33). However, we have also identified 16 triterpene saponins for the first time in A. racemosus. In order to understand the molecular basis of biosynthesis of major components, transcriptome sequencing from three different tissues (root, leaf and fruit) was carried out. Functional annotation of A. racemosus transcriptome resulted in the identification of 153 transcripts involved in steroidal saponin biosynthesis, 45 transcripts in triterpene saponin biosynthesis, 44 transcripts in monoterpenoid biosynthesis and 79 transcripts in flavonoid biosynthesis. These findings will pave the way for better understanding of the molecular basis of steroidal saponin, triterpene saponin, monoterpenoids and flavonoid biosynthesis in A. racemosus.1 aSrivastava, Prabhakar, Lal1 aShukla, Anurag1 aKalunke, Raviraj, M.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/comprehensive-metabolic-and-transcriptomic-profiling-various-tissues-provide-insights