02503nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245016700055210006900222260000800291300001400299490000600313520146900319653002001788653001401808653002201822653003001844100002501874700002701899700002401926700002401950700001801974700002101992700003002013700002002043700002002063856013002083 2017 eng d a2365-654900aChitosan intercalated metal organic gel as a green precursor of fe entrenched and fe distributed N-doped mesoporous graphitic carbon for oxygen reduction reaction0 aChitosan intercalated metal organic gel as a green precursor of  cSEP a8762-87700 v23 a

Herein, we present Metal-Organic Gel intercalated with chitosan, a `green'' precursor for the synthesis of intrinsic N-doped Fe entrenched (CHI-TMA-Fe-CW) and Fe distributed mesoporous graphitic carbon structures (CHI-TMA-Fe-CW-M1) with appreciable Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) activity in alkaline medium. Modulation of the synthetic protocol as a function of reaction kinetics and gelation time while maintaining identical pyrolysis conditions (900 degrees C, flowing N-2 atmosphere) improves the microstructure, surface area and Fe distribution of the graphitic structures (CHI-TMA-Fe-CW-M1). CHI-TMA-Fe-CW has a Fe entrenched graphitic nanocapsule like morphology while Fe distributed mesoporous graphitic carbon sheets, with a specific surface area value of 565 m(2) g(-1) obtained by modulating the synthesis chemistry in CHI-TMA-Fe-CW-M1. The higher percentage of graphitic N in CHI-TMA-Fe-CW-M1 apparent from the XPS data validate that the modified synthetic method favours creation of more graphitic N sites contributing for better catalytic performance. CHI-TMA-Fe-CW-M1 catalyst exhibited comparable electrocatalytic activity with that of the commercially available Pt/C via an efficient four-electron-dominant ORR pathway with a positive onset potential value of 0.925 V vs RHE. Good durability of CHI-TMA-Fe-CW-M1 after 5000 cycles further confirm the prospects of MOG-chitosan and the feasibility to be used as a potential catalyst for ORR.

10aelectrocatalyst10afuel cell10aMetal-Organic-Gel10aoxygen reduction reaction1 aShijina, Kottarathil1 aIllathvalappil, Rajith1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aNair, Balagopal, N.1 aMohamed, Peer1 aYamaguchi, Takeo1 aAnilkumar, Gopinathan, M.1 aHareesh, U., S.1 aSailaja, G., S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/chitosan-intercalated-metal-organic-gel-green-precursor-fe-entrenched-and-fe-distributed-n02199nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245017700055210006900232260000800301300001600309490000700325520125400332100002501586700002601611700002001637700002001657700002401677700002401701700001801725700003001743700002201773700002001795856013001815 2018 eng d a1144-054600aMelamine formaldehyde-metal organic gel interpenetrating polymer network derived intrinsic Fe-N-doped porous graphitic carbon electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction0 aMelamine formaldehydemetal organic gel interpenetrating polymer  cDEC a18690-187010 v423 aFe, N doped porous graphitic carbon electrocatalyst (Fe-MOG-MF-C), obtained by pyrolysis of an Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) comprised of melamine formaldehyde (MF as hard segment) and Metal-Organic Gel (MOG as soft segment), exhibited significant Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) activity in alkaline medium. BET surface area analysis of Fe-MOG-MF-C showed high surface area (821 m(2) g(-1)), while TEM, Raman and XPS results confirmed Fe and N co-doping. Furthermore, a modulated porous morphology with a higher degree of surface area (950 m(2) g(-1)) has been accomplished for the system (Fe-MOG-MFN-C) when aided by a sublimable porogen, such as naphthalene. XPS results further demonstrated that these systems exhibited a better degree of distribution of graphitic N and an onset potential value of 0.91 V vs. RHE in 0.1 M KOH solution following an efficient four-electron ORR pathway. The electrocatalytic activity of Fe-MOG-MFN-C is superior to that of Fe-MOG-MF-C by virtue of its higher graphitic N content and surface area. Thus, the study presents a new class of IPN derived MF-MOG nanocomposites with the potential to generate extended versions of in situ Fe-N doped porous graphitic carbon structures with superior ORR activity.1 aShijina, Kottarathil1 allathvalappil, Rajith1 aSumitha, N., S.1 aSailaja, G., S.1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aNair, Balagopal, N.1 aMohamed, Peer1 aAnilkumar, Gopinathan, M.1 aYamaguchig, Takeo1 aHareesh, U., S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/melamine-formaldehyde-metal-organic-gel-interpenetrating-polymer-network-derived-intrinsic02277nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245014000055210006900195260000800264300001400272490000600286520128800292653002001580653001401600653002601614653003001640653001001670100001801680700002701698700002401725700002401749700001801773700003001791700002101821700002001842856012501862 2018 eng d a2365-654900aMorphological ensembles of N-doped porous carbon derived from ZIF-8/Fe-graphene nanocomposites: processing and electrocatalytic studies0 aMorphological ensembles of Ndoped porous carbon derived from ZIF cAUG a8688-86970 v33 a

Engineering the active site density of porous carbon catalysts for enhanced electrocatalytic activity is the current focus in the quest for economically viable fuel cells. Herein, we synthesise ZIF-8/Fe-graphene composites for the formation of N and Fe co-doped carbon with diverse morphologies ranging from tubes and sheets to frameworks of carbon. A synthetic strategy involving the one pot synthesis of ZIF-8 based composites is accomplished by the reaction of 2-methylimidazole with mixed Zn/Fe salt solution containing graphene dispersions. The high temperature heat treatment of this precursor mix yielded micro-meso porous architectures of N, Fe co-doped carbon with dispersions of Fe/Fe3C. An onset potential value of 0.95 V and a half-wave potential of 0.82 V coupled with excellent durability and stability in alkaline medium indicated improved electrocatalytic performances over its commercial Pt/C counterpart. The appreciable electrocatalytic properties of the synthesized carbon are attributed to its morphological diversity, hybrid structure, high N doping and its heteroporous characteristics. The dispersed Fe/Fe3C and FeNx sites facilitated enhanced oxygen adsorption and the graphene inclusions in the composite provided retention of high nitrogen contents.

10aelectrocatalyst10afuel cell10aN- Fe co-doped carbon10aoxygen reduction reaction10aZIF-81 aThomas, Minju1 aIllathvalappil, Rajith1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aNair, Balagopal, N.1 aMohamed, Peer1 aAnilkumar, Gopinathan, M.1 aYamaguchi, Takeo1 aHareesh, U., S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/morphological-ensembles-n-doped-porous-carbon-derived-zif-8fe-graphene-nanocomposites02343nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245014800055210006900203260000900272300001600281490000700297520143700304100002301741700001801764700002701782700001601809700002401825700002401849700001801873700003001891700002101921700002001942856012701962 2020 eng d a1144-054600aTemplate assisted synthesis of Ni,N co-doped porous carbon from Ni incorporated ZIF-8 frameworks for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction0 aTemplate assisted synthesis of NiN codoped porous carbon from Ni cJUL  a12343-123540 v443 a

A heteroatom doped porous carbon electrocatalyst with enhanced oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in alkaline medium was obtained by high temperature treatment of Ni incorporated ZIF-8 frameworks and its composite with g-C(3)N(4)as a supporting matrix template. The morphology and porosity of this heteroatom containing carbon were tuned by varying the Ni : Zn molar ratio in Ni/Zn ZIF-8 and Ni/Zn ZIF-8@g-C(3)N(4)composites. The template aided synthetic strategy using g-C(3)N(4)helped in the controlled decomposition of composites leading to a heteroporous sheet like architecture with increased nitrogen content. The Ni/Zn ZIF-8 sample on heat treatment in the 800-1000 degrees C temperature range led to the formation of Ni,N co-doped porous carbon (Ni-NPC) with Ni-C active sites. The defective sites induced by nickel carbide along with the distributed N atoms on the carbon surface enabled active O(2)adsorption sites. The high surface area, high degree of graphitisation as well as the defects created by well dispersed N and Ni on porous carbon matrices favoured charge separation leading to higher electrochemical ORR activity. The Ni,N co-doped carbon catalyst in alkaline medium exhibited a limiting current density of 5.2 mA cm(-2)with a half-wave potential of 0.76 Vvs.RHE in 0.1 M KOH. The catalyst also showed improved methanol tolerance and better stability compared to the standard Pt/C catalyst.

1 aK., Vaishna, Priya1 aThomas, Minju1 aIllathvalappil, Rajith1 aK., Shijina1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aNair, Balagopal, N.1 aMohamed, Peer1 aAnilkumar, Gopinathan, M.1 aYamaguchi, Takeo1 aHareesh, U., S. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/template-assisted-synthesis-nin-co-doped-porous-carbon-ni-incorporated-zif-8-frameworks05604nas a2200241 4500008004100000245014700041210006900188260000800257300001600265490000600281520472900287100002105016700002005037700001905057700003005076700002605106700002505132700001805157700001705175700002605192700001705218856012705235 2021 eng d00aHydrophilic 3D interconnected network of bacterial nanocellulose/black titania photothermal foams as an efficient interfacial solar evaporator0 aHydrophilic 3D interconnected network of bacterial nanocellulose cAPR a4373–43830 v43 a

The design and development of scalable, efficient photothermal evaporator systems that reduce microplastic pollution are highly desirable. Herein, a sustainable bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-based self-floating bilayer photothermal foam (PTFb) is designed that eases the effective confinement of solar light for efficient freshwater production via interfacial heating. The sandwich nanoarchitectured porous bilayer solar evaporator consists of a top solar-harvesting blackbody layer composed of broad-spectrum active black titania (BT) nanoparticles embedded in the BNC matrix and a thick bottom layer of pristine BNC for agile thermal management, the efficient wicking of bulk water, and staying afloat. A decisive advantage of the BNC network is that it enables the fabrication of a lightweight photothermal foam with reduced thermal conductivity and high wet strength. Additionally, the hydrophilic three-dimensional (3D) interconnected porous network of BNC contributes to the fast evaporation of water under ambient solar conditions with reduced vaporization enthalpy by virtue of intermediated water generated via a BNC–water interaction. The fabricated PTFb is found to yield a water evaporation efficiency of 84.3% (under 1054 W m–2) with 4 wt % BT loading. Furthermore, scalable PTFb realized a water production rate of 1.26 L m–2 h–1 under real-time conditions. The developed eco-friendly BNC-supported BT foams could be used in applications such as solar desalination, contaminated water purification, extraction of water from moisture, etc., and thus could address one of the major present-day global concerns of drinking water scarcity.

1 aNabeela, Kallayi1 aThorat, Meghana1 aSumina, N., B.1 aRamachandran, Animesh, M.1 aThomas, Reny, Thankam1 aPreethikumar, Gopika1 aMohamed, Peer1 aAsok, Adersh1 aDastager, Syed, Gulam1 aPillai, Saju uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/hydrophilic-3d-interconnected-network-bacterial-nanocelluloseblack-titania-photothermal02165nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245012400055210006900179260000900248300001400257490000700271520139800278100002301676700003001699700002001729700001801749700002401767700003801791856013001829 2024 eng d a0887-062400aCo-incorporated N-doped micro-meso porous carbon as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and Zn-air battery0 aCoincorporated Ndoped micromeso porous carbon as an electrocatal cAPR  a7196-72070 v383 a

Metal-organic frameworks are considered ideal precursors for the preparation of transition-metal, heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts that are perceived to be efficient electrocatalysts for energy storage devices. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of ZIF-67-derived Co-incorporated N-doped porous carbon catalysts supported on high surface area microporous carbon prepared from a lotus seed shell. The combination of the two carbon catalysts in different weight ratios resulted in Co-incorporated N-doped carbon sheets with tuned surface area and porosity, enabling enhanced oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in an alkaline medium. The optimized carbon catalyst ZL 600 (3:1) exhibited a half-wave potential of 0.79 V vs RHE and a limiting current density of -4.38 mA cm(-2) in 0.1 M KOH solution with higher stability and methanol tolerance. The optimized sample ZL 600 (3:1) demonstrated as a cathode in a zinc-air battery exhibited an open circuit voltage of 1.29 V with a flat discharge profile at a current rate of 10 mA cm(-2). The homemade system produced a specific capacity of 610 mAh g(-1) and a peak power density of 111 mW cm(-2), comparable to the cathode made with Pt/C. The high micro-mesoporosity, pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen contents, as well as enriched Co-active centers protected by carbon sheets favorably contributed to the efficient ORR mechanism.

1 aPriya, Vaishna, K.1 aKharabe, Geeta, Pandurang1 aBarik, Sidharth1 aMohamed, Peer1 aKurungot, Sreekumar1 aHareesh, Unnikrishnan, Nair Saras uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/co-incorporated-n-doped-micro-meso-porous-carbon-electrocatalyst-oxygen-reduction-reaction