02422nas a2200253   4500008004100000022001400041245010400055210006900159260000800228300000700236490000700243520157300250653002501823653003801848653001201886653002501898653001201923653003101935100001701966700001901983700002002002700002002022856012602042       2025                        eng d  a0137-588100aMetabolomic profiling unravels the role of sphingolipid pathways in spot blotch resistance in wheat0 aMetabolomic profiling unravels the role of sphingolipid pathways  cJUN  a670 v473 a<p>
	Spot blotch, caused by the soil- and air-borne fungal pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana, is a major threat to wheat production. The disease is reaching epidemic proportions in wheat-growing areas, particularly in South Asia, South America, Africa, and Australia. In India, over 25 million hectares of wheat-growing area is threatened by this disease. A systematic study of metabolites can provide insights into the molecular basis of this disease. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of B. sorokiniana inoculation on two wheat varieties, Chirya3 (resistant to spot blotch) and DDK1025 (susceptible to spot blotch). We performed time-course non-targeted metabolite profiling of the pathogen-inoculated and mock-inoculated plants using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Multivariate analysis was performed to construct a comprehensive statistical workflow, which led to the defined ``metabolomic phenotypes''. Modeling by Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed significant metabolites in responses of the resistant and susceptible varieties to pathogen inoculation. A total of 699 metabolites displayed significant variations during the progression of infection. B. sorokiniana-inoculated Chirya3 exhibited high levels of some metabolites, such as sphingolipids, cysteine, phenylalanine, shikimates, etc. The study revealed that sphingolipid pathways are critical in resistance mechanisms contributing to enhanced lignification and disease resistance in wheat.</p>
10aCochliobolus sativus10aHigh-resolution mass spectrometry10aLC-HRMS10aMetabolite profiling10aOPLS-DA10aplant-pathogen interaction1 aYadav, Sagar1 aMaiti, Saborni1 aMundhe, Swapnil1 aKadoo, Narendra  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/metabolomic-profiling-unravels-role-sphingolipid-pathways-spot-blotch-resistance-wheat02591nas a2200277   4500008004100000022001400041245006900055210006900124260000800193300001200201490000800213520175800221653002501979653000902004653000902013653002602022653002802048653001802076100002102094700001802115700002102133700002202154700002502176700002002201856009202221       2025                        eng d  a0003-021X00aMolecular insights into the oleic acid accumulation in safflower0 aMolecular insights into the oleic acid accumulation in safflower  cFEB  a351-3630 v1023 a<p>
	Most of the Indian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) varieties produce oil rich in linoleic acid (LA, similar to 75%) and low in oleic acid (OA, similar to 15%). In the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, the fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) enzyme converts OA to LA. Safflower is reported to have 12-20 FAD2 genes. Gene expression analysis of four FAD2 genes during seed development in a high LA variety, PBNS-12, revealed high expression of FAD2-1 at 21 days after flowering (DAF), correlating with high LA accumulation. Fatty acid profiling of 448 Indian safflower germplasm accessions revealed four lines to have high (58%-77%) OA content, with NASF-39 having the highest OA content. Interestingly, all four high OA lines showed the same mutation in the FAD2-1 gene. The DNA sequence of FAD2-1 from the four high OA lines showed a deletion of C at the +606 position, resulting in a premature stop codon at the +733 position and a truncated protein of 244 amino acids. Hence, despite the high expression levels of FAD2-1 in NASF-39 at 18-21 DAF, it exhibited high OA (77%). The dysfunctional nature of the truncated FAD2-1 in NASF-39 was evident in molecular docking studies with 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine. We also sequenced FATB, a thioesterase responsible for releasing stearic acid from acyl carrier protein for further desaturation to oleic acid, where an A773G substitution was observed. This resulted in E258G substitution in NASF-39 FATB compared to that of PBNS-12. This probably made the acyl-binding pocket of NASF-39 FATB unstable, contributing to high OA accumulation. Thus, the outcomes of this study can help develop super and ultra-high oleic safflower varieties through various genetics and genomics approaches.</p>
10aCarthamus tinctorius10aFAD210aFATB10aFatty acid desaturase10afatty acid thioesterase10alinoleic acid1 aSalunke, Gayatri1 aBadhe, Yogesh1 aSingh, Vrijendra1 aGhorpade, Prakash1 aHegde, Mahabaleshwar1 aKadoo, Narendra  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/molecular-insights-oleic-acid-accumulation-safflower