01864nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245007800055210006900133260009000202300002600292490000600318520113800324100002901462700002401491700003201515700002201547856011301569       2016                        eng d  a2045-232200aNon-catalytic deep desulphurization process using hydrodynamic cavitation0 aNoncatalytic deep desulphurization process using hydrodynamic ca  aMACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLANDbNATURE PUBLISHING GROUPcSEP  aArticle Number: 330210 v63 a<p>A novel approach is developed for desulphurization of fuels or organics without use of catalyst. In this process, organic and aqueous phases are mixed in a predefined manner under ambient conditions and passed through a cavitating device. Vapor cavities formed in the cavitating device are then collapsed which generate (in-situ) oxidizing species which react with the sulphur moiety resulting in the removal of sulphur from the organic phase. In this work, vortex diode was used as a cavitating device. Three organic solvents (n-octane, toluene and n-octanol) containing known amount of a model sulphur compound (thiophene) up to initial concentrations of 500 ppm were used to verify the proposed method. A very high removal of sulphur content to the extent of 100% was demonstrated. The nature of organic phase and the ratio of aqueous to organic phase were found to be the most important process parameters. The results were also verified and substantiated using commercial diesel as a solvent. The developed process has great potential for deep of various organics, in general, and for transportation fuels, in particular.</p>1 aSuryawanshi, Nalinee, B.1 aBhandari, Vinay, M.1 aSorokhaibam, Laxmi, Gayatri1 aRanade, Vivek, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/non-catalytic-deep-desulphurization-process-using-hydrodynamic-cavitation02964nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245012700055210006900182260000800251300001100259490000700270520214700277653001802424653001502442653001702457653000802474653002502482100001902507700002402526700002102550700002202571856012902593       2020                        eng d  a1350-417700aNovel hybrid cavitation process for enhancing and altering rate of disinfection by use of natural oils derived from plants0 aNovel hybrid cavitation process for enhancing and altering rate   cMAR  a1048200 v613 a<p>The present study is an attempt to improvise the hydrodynamic cavitation methodology for effective disinfection of water and also to suggest prototype development for practical application. The enhancement in the disinfection efficiency was evaluated specifically for the effect of pressure, temperature, pH, microbial inoculum size and also on effect of different additives for the two model microbial strains, gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus). The efficacy of the hydrodynamic cavitation is evaluated for the two types of flows/cavitation devices - linear flow in the case of orifice and vortex flow for vortex diode. The vortex diode requires significantly lower pressures, 50% lower as compared to orifice for the similar extent of disinfection. While the bacterial disinfection at high temperature is known, the usefulness of hydrodynamic cavitation is especially evident at ambient conditions and the process is effective even at very high concentrations of bacteria, not reported so far. The reactor geometry also has significant effect on the disinfection. The present study, for the first time, reports possible use of different natural oils such as castor oil, cinnamon oil, eucalyptus oil and clove oil in conjunction with hydrodynamic cavitation. The nature of oil modifies the cavitation behavior and an order of magnitude enhancement in the cavitation rate was observed for the two oils, eucalyptus and clove oil for a very small concentration of 0.1%. The increased rates of disinfection, of the order of 2-4 folds, using oil can drastically reduce the time of operation and consequently reduce cost of disinfection. A possible mechanism is proposed for the effect of oil and hydrodynamic cavitation in cell destruction through the rupture of cell wall, oxidative damage and possible DNA denaturation. A cavitation model using per pass disinfection was used to correlate the data. The increased efficiency using oils and possible benefits of the developed process, where natural oils can be perceived as biocatalysts, can have significant advantages in practical applications.</p>
10aAntimicrobial10aCavitation10aDisinfection10aOil10aWastewater treatment1 aMane, Maya, B.1 aBhandari, Vinay, M.1 aBalapure, Kshama1 aRanade, Vivek, V.  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/novel-hybrid-cavitation-process-enhancing-and-altering-rate-disinfection-use-natural-oils