02773nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245006400055210006400119260009900183300000900282490000700291520177900298653002802077653001402105653002302119653002502142653002902167653002202196653001302218100002202231700001802253700001502271700001402286700003002300700002002330700002302350856009802373 2005 eng d a0144-861700aEnzymatic hydrolysis of delignified bagasse polysaccharides0 aEnzymatic hydrolysis of delignified bagasse polysaccharides aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcOCT a6-100 v623 a

Sugarcane bagasse, consisting of cellulose, xylan, and lignin, was chemically treated to generate bagasse samples with continuously decreasing content of lignin. These bagasse samples were hydrolyzed by cellulase and xylanase enzymes, produced earlier by Penicillium janthinellum NCIM 1171 in the same bagasse polysaccharides production medium. The hydrolysis was carried out by using different concentrations of the enzymes at two different temperatures, 30 and 50 degrees C, taking hydrolysis of Avicel as control. It was found that while the maximum hydrolysis for Avicel was 70% that of some of the bagasse polysaccharides was as high as 95%. The products of hydrolysis were glucose, xylose, and arabinose, as confirmed by high pressure ion chromatography (HPIC). It is interesting to note that arabinose, which constitutes about 10% of the weight of bagasse xylan, could also be released easily by the enzymes. Also, the initial rates of hydrolysis was found to be much higher for the bagasse polysaccharides, and in some cases about 90% of the hydrolysis occurred within 20 h. Amongst all bagasse samples, the sample with (Kappa no. 1.2, lignin content 0.18%) gave the highest degree of hydrolysis at 50 degrees C. Even the bagasse polysaccharide with Kappa no. 16.8 (lignin content 2.5%) underwent greater extent of hydrolysis than Avicel. Apparently, the delignified bagasse medium appears to be a facile medium for the combined hydrolytic action of the cellulase and xylanase enzymes. Considering that sugarcane bagasse is a waste biomass material available in abundance annually, this methodology can be used to value-add to this biomass to produce sugars, which can be fermented to produce biofuels like ethanol. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10abagasse polysaccharides10aCellulase10achemical treatment10aEnzymatic hydrolysis10aPenicillium janthinellum10aSugarcane bagasse10aXylanase1 aAdsul, Mukund, G.1 aGhule, J., E.1 aShaikh, H.1 aSingh, R.1 aBastawade, Kulbhushan, B.1 aGokhale, D., V.1 aVarma, Anjanikumar uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enzymatic-hydrolysis-delignified-bagasse-polysaccharides-001444nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245013100055210006900186260007300255300001200328490000700340520057600347653001500923653001300938653001100951653001100962653001700973100002100990700002001011700002001031700002301051856012801074 2008 eng d a0141-813000aEnvironment friendly crosslinked chitosan as a matrix for selective adsorption and purification of lipase of aspergillus niger0 aEnvironment friendly crosslinked chitosan as a matrix for select aPO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDSbELSEVIER SCIENCE BVcDEC a422-4250 v433 a

Chitosan and its derivatives have been used as affinity matrices for purification of lipase from Aspergillus niger NCIM 1207. Trimellitic anhydride (TMA)-crosslinked deacetylated chitin adsorbed lipase selectively, yielding approximately 5-fold purification of the crude lipase with 70% yield. Further 9-fold purification occurred on eluting through Sephacryl-100. These results suggest that chitosan derivatives can be used as inexpensive biopolymer matrices for the purification of lipases for industrial applications. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

10aAdsorption10aChitosan10aLipase10aMatrix10aPurification1 aTrimukhe, K., D.1 aMahadik, N., D.1 aGokhale, D., V.1 aVarma, Anjanikumar uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/environment-friendly-crosslinked-chitosan-matrix-selective-adsorption-and-purification-002192nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260009900221300001200320490000700332520109700339653000601436653002801442653003001470653002901500653002701529653002801556653002801584653003001612653001401642653002501656100001901681700002201700700002001722700002301742856012501765 2011 eng d a0144-861700aEnhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by partial modification of its chemical structure0 aEnhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by partial modificati aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTDcAUG a962-9680 v863 a

A series of 2,3-dialdehyde celluloses with different degrees of oxidation were used for deriving corresponding dicarboxylate, dicarboxy, and Schiff's base cellulose derivatives. The dialdehyde cellulose was hydrolyzed by cellulase to a lower extent than the starting cellulose, except at high levels of aldehyde content (above 50%). For dicarboxylate and dicarboxy celluloses, the highest level of oxidized NaDCC and DCC hydrolysed up to 70 and 60% respectively which was 3-4 times more than cellulose. The 2,3-dioxime cellulose derivative hydrolyzes only up to 16.3% for the highest level of oxidized dioxime. In the case of 2,3-diethylimine cellulose, all derivatives hydrolyse faster than the native cellulose. Up to 75% hydrolysis was observed for 2,3-diethyimine cellulose-50, 2,3-dipropylimine and 2,3-dibutylimine cellulose. The 2,3-dibenzylimine cellulose hydrolyses a little slower than the alkylimine derivatives. The 2,3-dihydrazone cellulose derivatives with all level of oxidation showed resistance towards enzymatic hydrolysis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10a210a3-Dialdehyde celluloses10a3-Dibenzylimine cellulose10a3-Dibutylimine cellulose10a3-Dicarboxy celluloses10a3-Diethyimine cellulose10a3-Dihydrazone cellulose10a3-Dipropylimine cellulose10aCellulase10aEnzymatic hydrolysis1 aShaikh, H., M.1 aAdsul, Mukund, G.1 aGokhale, D., V.1 aVarma, Anjanikumar uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/enhanced-enzymatic-hydrolysis-cellulose-partial-modification-its-chemical-structure-002053nas a2200193 4500008004100000245010100041210006900142260000800211300001400219490000700233520136200240100002001602700001801622700002001640700002101660700002301681700002801704856012701732 2016 eng d00aEffect of mixed acid catalysis on pretreatment and enzymatic digestibility of sugar cane bagasse0 aEffect of mixed acid catalysis on pretreatment and enzymatic dig cSEP a7310-73180 v303 aAqueous pretreatment using homogeneous acid catalyst is considered as a low-cost technology in the production of lignocellulosic bioethanol. To establish the synergism of mixed acids, pilot-level aqueous pretreatments of bagasse covering a wide range of combined severity (CS) were carried out. To investigate the effect of application of mixture of acids on xylose hydrolysis as well as glucose hydrolysis via pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, the following three combinations of acids were explored: (1) oxalic acid + sulfuric acid (organic + mineral acid), (2) phosphoric + sulfuric acid (mineral acids), and (3) ferric chloride + sulfuric acid (Lewis acid with a mineral acid). Of the pretreatments evaluated, the synergism was most pronounced for the combination of sulfuric and phosphoric acid, which resulted in more than 90% conversion of hemicellulose to xylose and 70% conversion of cellulose to glucose through enzymatic hydrolysis. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies of pretreated samples showed higher syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio for sulfuric and phosphoric acid combination pretreatment, leading to higher enzymatic conversion. FTIR and dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments conducted on pretreated sugar cane bagasse provided useful correlation with regard to the pretreatment type, particle size, and enzymatic hydrolysis.1 aPal, Siddhartha1 aJoy, Shereena1 aKumbhar, Pramod1 aTrimukhe, K., D.1 aVarma, Anjanikumar1 aPadmanabhan, Sasisanker uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/effect-mixed-acid-catalysis-pretreatment-and-enzymatic-digestibility-sugar-cane-bagasse02211nas a2200205 4500008004100000245009100041210006900132260000800201300001400209490000600223520150900229100002001738700002201758700002101780700002201801700002101823700002301844700001701867856012101884 2018 eng d00aEthoxy-ester functionalized imidazolium based ionic liquids for lithium ion batteries 0 aEthoxyester functionalized imidazolium based ionic liquids for l cJUN a6255-62610 v33 aEthoxy ester functionalized imidazolium and bis(tri fluoromethanesulfonyl)imide based ionic liquids (ILs) are synthesized and considered as electrolyte for lithium ion batteries. The series of ethoxy ester functionalized ionic liquids were chosen with increase in ethoxy unit from one to three, followed by polymeric units. These ionic liquids provide both ester and ethoxy groups as interaction sites for Li+ ions enhancing the Li+ ion transportation, resulting in ionic conductivity of 10(-3) Scm(-1) at 25 degrees C, which is of 10(3) factor higher than ethoxy containing polyethylene oxide solid polymer electrolyte. It's noteworthy that the conductivity increases as ethoxy units are increased from one to three units, followed by a decrease for the polymeric ethoxy unit. Electrochemical stability window of these ionic liquids improves as the ethoxy groups are added to imidazolium cation. The Li/LiFePO4 cell fabricated with [ME(3)AMIm][TFSI] electrolyte shows good initial discharge capacity of 98.5 mAhg(-1) at 0.05 C-rate at room temperature, which gradually decreases with cycling. Systematic investigation of electrode surfaces by using SEM and EDX shows deposition of passivation layers on their surfaces. Ionic liquids fabricated by this facile method provide a promising model system for understanding the molecular interactions in promoting the lithium-ion conduction mechanism. The advantages and the limits associated to series of ionic liquid electrolytes are critically investigated.1 aNirmale, Trupti1 aKhupse, Nageshwar1 aGore, Rohitkumar1 aAmbekar, Jalindar1 aKulkarni, Milind1 aVarma, Anjanikumar1 aKale, Bharat uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/ethoxy-ester-functionalized-imidazolium-based-ionic-liquids-lithium-ion-batteries