01988nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245007300055210006900128260000800197300001400205490000600219520140900225100002201634700002901656700003401685856009901719 2019 eng d a2470-134300aProteins as nanocarriers to regulate parenteral delivery of tramadol0 aProteins as nanocarriers to regulate parenteral delivery of tram cAPR a6301-63100 v43 a

Tramadol (Td) is a centrally acting opioid analgesic drug used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. However, the half-life of Td is about 6-8 h, which is a major drawback. To increase the half-life of Td, it needs to be entrapped in a suitable substrate with the capability to release the drug for an extended period of time. Accordingly, in our studies, new protein blends in various compositions were prepared using hydrophilic (egg albumin) and hydrophobic (zein) proteins and fabricated them as nanoparticles with Td by the desolvation method. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized using analytical techniques. The morphology and diameter of the nanoparticles were determined by an environmental scanning electron microscope. The interactions between Td and proteins were confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy, and the secondary structural changes were evaluated by circular dichroism. The hemolysis test and MTT assay indicated that the nanoparticles were nontoxic, and drug release studies showed an extended duration of release of Td for more than 48 h. The mechanism of the drug release followed the zero order. The overall studies inferred that these protein based nanoparticles have potential to release Td at a slow rate for an extended period of time. Further manipulation of the protein composition may regulate the duration of Td release for an effective therapy.

1 aAgrawal, Shubhang1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aGundloori, Rathna, Venkata Na uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/proteins-nanocarriers-regulate-parenteral-delivery-tramadol02720nas a2200289 4500008004100000022001400041245007600055210006900131260000800200300001100208490000800219520178800227653002702015653002202042653002102064653001202085653001902097653002202116100003502138700002102173700002502194700002902219700003302248700001802281700002702299856010402326 2020 eng d a0928-493100aBiofilm formation to inhibition: role of zinc oxide-based nanoparticles0 aBiofilm formation to inhibition role of zinc oxidebased nanopart cMAR a1103190 v1083 a

Zinc oxide nanoparticles have received much attention worldwide as they possess unique properties like varied morphology, large surface area to volume ratio, potent antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility. Biofilm contains homogenous or heterogeneous microorganisms that remain enclosed in a matrix of an extracellular polymeric substance on biotic or abiotic surfaces. Bacterial biofilm formed on medical devices such as central venous catheters, urinary catheters, prosthetic joints, cardiovascular implantable devices, dental implants, contact lenses, intrauterine contraceptive devices and breast implants cause persistent infections. Such biofilm-associated infections in medical implants cause serious problems for public health and affect the function of medical implants. So, there is an urgent need for the use of an antimicrobial agent that will inhibit biofilm, including such antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains as bacteria, to develop multiple drug-resistances resulting in failure of the antibiotic's action. The antimicrobial agent used should be ideal in terms of biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, stability at different environmental conditions, with less sensitivity to the development of resistance towards micro-organisms, safe for in vivo and in vitro use, and remain non-hazardous to the environment, etc. The first objective of the review discusses the insights into the formation of biofilm on a medical device with the current strategies to inhibit. The second purpose is to review the recent progress in ZnO- based nanostructure including composites for antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities. This will offer a new opportunity for the application of Zinc oxide-based material in the prevention of biofilm on the medical devices.

10aantibacterial activity10aAntibiofilm agent10aBiocompatibility10aBiofilm10aNanocomposites10aZnO nanoparticles1 aMahamuni-Badiger, Pranjali, P.1 aPatil, Pooja, M.1 aBadiger, Manohar, V.1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aThorat-Gadgil, Bhagyashi, S.1 aPandit, Abhay1 aBohara, Raghvendra, A. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/biofilm-formation-inhibition-role-zinc-oxide-based-nanoparticles02693nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245019300055210006900248260000800317300001400325490000700339520181800346100003502164700002102199700002902220700002602249700002102275700002402296700002702320856012802347 2020 eng d a1144-054600aElectrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) microfibers reinforced with ZnO nanocrystals for antibacterial and antibiofilm wound dressing applications0 aElectrospun poly3hydroxybutyrateco3hydroxyvaleratepolyethylene o cJUN a9754-97660 v443 a

Biocompatible and biodegradable polymers are extensively used in designing wound dressing materials. The present investigation deals with the preparation of a unique blend of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles incorporated in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) microfibersviaan electrospinning technique for antibacterial, antibiofilm and wound dressing applications. This composite was prepared by incorporating previously synthesized ZnO NPs with better antibacterial and antibiofilm activity in PHBV-PEO (4 : 1) polymers in chloroform solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed that ZnO NPs were incorporated in the PHBV-PEO microfibers. The synthesized microfibers exhibited enhanced mechanical properties after the incorporation of ZnO NPs. The results of antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the prepared microfibers revealed that the incorporated ZnO NPs in different concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) showed different degrees of antibacterial activity against pathogenic Gram-positiveStaphylococcus aureus(NCIM 2654) and Gram-negativePseudomonas aeruginosa(NCIM 5032), which are the main bacteria found in wound infections. The PHBV-PEO-ZnO microfibers exhibited excellent hemocompatibility with improved swelling behavior after the incorporation of ZnO NPs.In vitrocytotoxicity assays revealed the non-toxic nature of the prepared PHBV-PEO-ZnO microfibers. The current work confirms that utilizing a unique blend of the biodegradable, biocompatible, thermoplastic and hydrophobic natural polymer PHBV with hydrophobic, biodegradable, non-toxic and synthetic polymer PEO with ZnO NPs holds great potential for use as an antibacterial and antibiofilm material for wound dressing applications.

1 aMahamuni-Badiger, Pranjali, P.1 aPatil, Pooja, M.1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aDhanavade, Maruti, J.1 aBadiger, Manohar1 aMarathe, Yogesh, N.1 aBohara, Raghvendra, A. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/electrospun-poly3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvaleratepolyethylene-oxide-peo-microfibers02207nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001400041245010600055210006900161260000800230300001400238490000700252520132300259653002101582653001701603653002601620653001601646653002001662653001501682653001501697100002901712700001801741700001801759700003401777856013001811 2021 eng d a0032-388800aManipulating hydrophobicity of polyester nanofiber mats with egg albumin to enhance cell interactions0 aManipulating hydrophobicity of polyester nanofiber mats with egg cOCT a2496-25100 v613 aA hybrid of poly-l-lactic acid (PLA) and poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) system was designed using hydrophilic generally regarded as safe (GRAS) protein, egg albumin (EA), and fabricated as nanofiber mats (NM) to facilitate improved cell interactions and functionality. Our studies include, preparation and analysis of physicochemical properties of NM. Surface morphology of NM was smooth with the diameter ranging from 250 to 400 nm. The contact angle of NM decreased from 80 to 45 degrees with the increase in EA concentration. The rate and extent of swelling was increased 3-folds with the addition of EA. Release studies of NM showed maximum amount of MTz was released with the increase in MTz concentration (>85%). The MTz interaction with EA and structure stability of EA was confirmed from fluorescence and circular dichroism studies. NM showed increase in inhibition of bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with the increase in MTz concentration. Cell viability of the NM was >80% and also, the cell proliferation increased as EA content increased. NM hemolytic activity was less than 5% suggesting compatibility. Hence, results concluded that EA had regulated hydrophobicity, promoted cell interactions, and proliferation and therefore, NM is considered safe for tissue regeneration.10aBiocompatibility10aBiomaterials10adrug delivery systems10aegg albumin10aelectrospinning10ananofibers10apolyesters1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aPandey, Komal1 aKilli, Naresh1 aGundloori, Rathna, Venkata Na uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/manipulating-hydrophobicity-polyester-nanofiber-mats-egg-albumin-enhance-cell-interactions02692nas a2200169 4500008004100000245007400041210006900115260000900184300001600193490000700209520210900216100002102325700001802346700002902364700002902393856010002422 2021 eng d00aPEGylated ethyl cellulose micelles as a nanocarrier for drug delivery0 aPEGylated ethyl cellulose micelles as a nanocarrier for drug del cNOV  a30532-305430 v113 aNatural polymers provide a better alternative to synthetic polymers in the domain of drug delivery systems (DDSs) because of their renewability, biocompatibility, and low immunogenicity; therefore, they are being studied for the development of bulk/nanoformulations. Likewise, current methods for engineering natural polymers into micelles are in their infancy, and in-depth studies are required using natural polymers as controlled DDSs. Accordingly, in our present study, a new micellar DDS was synthesized using ethyl cellulose (EC) grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG); it was characterized, its properties, cell toxicity, and hemocompatibility were evaluated, and its drug release kinetics were demonstrated using doxorubicin (DOX) as a model drug. Briefly, EC was grafted with PEG to form the amphiphilic copolymers EC-PEG1 and EC-PEG2 with varying PEG concentrations, and nano-micelles were prepared with and without the drug (DOX) via a dialysis method; the critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) were recorded to be 0.03 mg mL(-1) and 0.00193 mg mL(-1) for EC-PEG1 and EC-PEG2, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the respective nano-micelles were evaluated via various characterization techniques. The morphologies of the nano-micelles were analyzed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the average size of the nano-micelles was recorded to be similar to 80 nm. In vitro, drug release studies were done for 48 h, where 100% DOX release was recorded at pH 5.5 and 52% DOX release was recorded at pH 7.4 from the micelles. In addition, cytotoxicity studies suggested that DOX-loaded micelles were potent in killing MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cells, and the blank micelles were non-toxic toward cancerous and normal cells. A cellular uptake study via fluorescence microscopy indicated the internalization of DOX-loaded micelles by cancer cells, delivering the DOX into the cellular compartments. Based on these studies, we concluded that the developed material should be studied further via in vivo studies to understand its potential as a controlled DDS to treat cancer.1 aSingam, Amarnath1 aKilli, Naresh1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aGundloori, Rathna, V. N. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/pegylated-ethyl-cellulose-micelles-nanocarrier-drug-delivery02661nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001400041245013400055210006900189260000800258300001100266490000700277520181500284653001902099653001302118653001502131653002302146653001802169100002902187700002102216700001902237700003402256856012902290 2022 eng d a1773-224700aBioinspired hyaluronic acid based nanofibers immobilized with 3, 4-difluorobenzylidene curcumin for treating bacterial infections0 aBioinspired hyaluronic acid based nanofibers immobilized with 3  cAUG a1034800 v743 a

Curcumin (Cur) is a natural polyphenol with multifaceted pharmacological functions, exploited extensively for biomedical applications. Traditionally curcumin is being used as an antimicrobial agent. However, to improvise the pharmacological properties, it is being modified synthetically. One of such modified Cur is 3, 4- difluorobenzylidene curcumin (CDF) which is aimed for enhancing the anti-cancer properties. Though there are reports on the studies of anti-cancer properties involving CDF, the anti-bacterial property is yet to be demonstrated. Accordingly, in our studies, we prepared bioinspired hyaluronic acid blends immobilized with CDF and fabricated non-woven nanofiber mats. These nanofiber mats were characterized and demonstrated in vitro cell culture studies, which involved cell viability, hemolysis, anti-bacterial and cell scratch assay to understand their efficacy in treating bacteria. The molecular docking studies of CDF and Cur were performed on the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzyme receptor, which is an essential protein of S.auerus (Staphylococcus aureus). The results of MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay, and hemolysis of the respective nanofiber mats with Cur and CDF showed non-toxicity and were compatible with blood cells. Further, the cell proliferation and adherence recorded >60% fibroblast cells for the nanofiber mats. The anti-bacterial property of Cur and CDF was similar. The in vitro release studies for the respective Cur and CDF loaded nanofiber mats recorded a release of 25 and 37%, respectively. From these studies, we concluded that the CDF sustained its antibacterial property in addition to the improved anti-cancer property; hence CDF being synergetic, it will have a better scope in cancer therapy.

10aanti-bacterial10acurcumin10ananofibers10atissue engineering10awound Healing1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aSingam, Amarnath1 aIyer, Arun, K.1 aGundloori, Rathna, Venkata Na uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/bioinspired-hyaluronic-acid-based-nanofibers-immobilized-3-4-difluorobenzylidene-curcumin02461nas a2200253 4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260000800222300001100230490000700241520162000248653001901868653001701887653002001904653002701924653001501951653001701966100002901983700002102012700001702033700003402050856012302084 2022 eng d a1773-224700aBlend of neem oil based polyesteramide as magnetic nanofiber mat for efficient cancer therapy0 aBlend of neem oil based polyesteramide as magnetic nanofiber mat cSEP a1036290 v753 a

Stearic acid-coated magnetic nanoparticles (SMN) and FU (5-Fluorouracil) were immobilized in the blends of neem oil-based polyesteramide and fabricated as nanofiber mat (NM) for controlled release of FU under the influence of an external magnetic field for targeted drug delivery to treat cancer efficiently. Analyzed the surface morphology of the fibers using E-SEM, it was observed that the fibers were smooth with the diameter ranging from 250 to 450 nm. TEM studies showed the uniform distribution of SMN in the nanofibers. The physico-chemical properties of NM and raw materials were analyzed using FTIR, TGA, and XRD. The results suggested that the polymers were well blended. In-vitro FU release studies of the NMs recorded a significant difference in the cumulative percentage of FU release from SMN-NMs. The SMN-NMs released 95% of FU in 4 h, whereas, NMs released 83% of FU in 24 h. The cell viability assay for the NM was evaluated in the L929 mouse fibroblast cells, where >75% of cells were viable. The hemolysis assay for the developed SMN-NF showed <5% of hemolysis, which indicated the NMs were safe for application. The anti-cancer activity of FU loaded SMN-NF was analyzed in the MCF-7 cancer cell line, which recorded more than 50% cell death within 24 h. From SQUID analysis, we found that the 10% SMN were superparamagnetic in nature, the magnetization at 30 kOe was observed to be 4.3 emu/g. Based on the in vitro results, we concluded that the developed SMN-NMs are recommended for in vivo studies to understand their efficacy for the targeted drug delivery to treat cancer.

10a5-Fluorouracil10adrug release10aelectrospinning10aMagnetic nanoparticles10ananofibers10aStearic acid1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aSingam, Amarnath1 aDadwal, Arun1 aGundloori, Rathna, Venkata Na uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/blend-neem-oil-based-polyesteramide-magnetic-nanofiber-mat-efficient-cancer-therapy02017nas a2200325 4500008004100000022001400041245012100055210006900176260000800245300001400253490000700267520098100274653001401255653001401269653001801283653002401301653001601325653001501341653001701356653000901373653002001382653000801402100002701410700002901437700002401466700002201490700002601512700002301538856013001561 2022 eng d a1743-588900aHyperthermia and doxorubicin release by Fol-LSMO nanoparticles induce apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells0 aHyperthermia and doxorubicin release by FolLSMO nanoparticles in cOCT a1929-19490 v173 a

Background: Studies on the anticancer effects of lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LSMO) nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated hyperthermia at cellular and molecular levels are scarce. Materials & methods: LSMO NPs conjugated with folic acid (Fol-LSMO NPs) were synthesized, followed by doxorubicin-loading (DoxFol-LSMO NPs), and their effects on breast cancer cells were investigated. Results: Hyperthermia (45 degrees C) and combination treatments exhibited the highest (similar to 95%) anticancer activity with increased oxidative stress. The involvement of intrinsic mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway and induction of autophagy was noted. Cellular and molecular evidence confirmed the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy, involving Beclin1, Bcl2 and Caspase-3 genes with free reactive oxygen species presence. Conclusion: The study confirmed hyperthermia and doxorubicin release by Fol-LSMO NPs induces apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells.

10aApoptosis10aAutophagy10aBreast cancer10acombination therapy10adoxorubicin10aFolic acid10ahyperthermia10aLSMO10aMDA-MB231 cells10aPEG1 aKulkarni-Dwivedi, Neha1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aShravage, Bhupendra1 aUmrani, Rinku, D.1 aPaknikar, Kishore, M.1 aJadhav, Sachin, H. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/hyperthermia-and-doxorubicin-release-fol-lsmo-nanoparticles-induce-apoptosis-and-autophagy01994nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245007400055210006900129260000800198300001000206490000700216520129700223653001601520653001801536653002001554653001401574653002301588100002901611700003401640856010201674 2023 eng d a1042-714700aReview on electrospun nanofibers for multiple biomedical applications0 aReview on electrospun nanofibers for multiple biomedical applica cJAN a44-630 v343 a

Electrospinning is a well-known technique since 1544 to fabricate nanofibers using different materials like polymers, metals oxides, proteins, and many more. In recent years, electrospinning has become the most popular technique for manufacturing nanofibers due to its ease of use and economic viability. Nanofibers have remarkable properties like high surface-to-volume ratio, variable pore size distribution (10-100 nm), high porosity, low density, and are suitable for surface functionalization. Therefore, electrospun nanofibers have been utilized for numerous applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical field like tissue engineering, scaffolds, grafts, drug delivery, and so on. In this review article, we will be focusing on the versatility, current scenario, and future endeavors of electrospun nanofibers for various biomedical applications. This review discusses the properties of nanofibers, the background of the electrospinning technique, and its emergence in chronological order. It also covers the various types of electrospinning methods and their mechanism, further elaborating the factors affecting the properties of nanofibers, and applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, nanofibers as biosensor, skin cancer treatment, and magnetic nanofibers.

10abiomaterial10adrug delivery10aelectrospinning10aNanofiber10atissue engineering1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aGundloori, Rathna, Venkata Na uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/review-electrospun-nanofibers-multiple-biomedical-applications02793nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260000900219300001100228490000800239520180900247653001302056653002202069653003102091653002402122653001402146653001802160100002702178700002902205700002502234700002302259700001802282700002902300700001602329700002302345856012302368 2025 eng d a0378-517300aStimulant immobilized bioactive film of functionalized egg albumin blend for wound healing0 aStimulant immobilized bioactive film of functionalized egg album cSEP  a1258960 v6823 a

Wound healing materials with advanced properties that facilitates higher collagen deposition, improved angiogenesis and quick tissue regeneration are crucial for clinical wound management. To meet the requirement, for the first time, our studies focus on engineering bio-originated natural materials, which are tested in combination with the active agents, ascorbic acid (AA), a stimulant and metronidazole (Mtz), an anti-microbial drug. Accordingly, a dual drug (AA, and Mtz) loaded film of functionalized egg albumin (FEA)-poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was fabricated following the solution casting method. The film was characterized for its morphology and physicochemical properties using various analytical tools. The potential of the film as a wound healing material was evaluated, by in vitro drug release, degradation, cell viability, antimicrobial studies, in vivo wound healing, and histopathological analyses. In vitro degradation studies confirmed their degradability in enzymatic and soil burial conditions. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrated their non-toxicity, and the antimicrobial investigations showcased that the material was antibacterial. On the 14th day, the wound closure percentage of the wound induced control group, GI (without treatment) was notably higher at 95 % compared to the test formulation group, GV [FEA-PVA (30/70 w/w) loaded with Mtz and AA (10 % w/w of the total polymer weight), respectively], which exhibited a wound closure of 83 %. Furthermore, the histopathological examinations revealed that the inner wound healing in GV was comparatively better than in GI in terms of angiogenesis, epidermal remodeling, higher collagen deposition, coherency, and tissue regeneration. Consequently, the formulated film can be deemed a suitable wound dressing material.

10acollagen10aDual drug release10aFunctionalized egg albumin10aPolymer blend films10aStimulant10awound Healing1 aGautam, Tripurari, Rao1 aPatel, Pratikshkumar, R.1 aSingam, Amarnath, R.1 aJagtap, Ashish, S.1 aDesai, Prasad1 aGundloori, Rathna, V. N.1 aPawar, Anil1 aDastager, Syed, G. uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/stimulant-immobilized-bioactive-film-functionalized-egg-albumin-blend-wound-healing