06473nas a2200157 4500008004100000245009500041210006900136260000800205300001100213490000600224520587900230100003506109700002506144700002006169856012606189 2025 eng d00aReimagining CO2 management: SWOT analysis and global outlook on CCUS and ICCU technologies0 aReimagining CO2 management SWOT analysis and global outlook on C cDEC a1001390 v73 a

The persistent rise in atmospheric CO2 levels, driven by industrialization and fossil fuel dependence, has made carbon dioxide a central target in global climate mitigation efforts. Despite its thermodynamic stability and linear geometry, which make its activation inherently difficult, CO2 has long been identified as a major greenhouse gas since the mid-20th century. This review presents a comprehensive outlook on Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies, with a focused discussion on Integrated Carbon Capture and Utilization (ICCU) approaches. We begin with a brief historical and scientific background on CO2 as a greenhouse gas and the pressing need to curb emissions. A critical evaluation of various capture technologies-post-combustion, pre-combustion, oxy-fuel, and direct air capture is provided, highlighting their principles, merits, and limitations. The current global landscape of CCUS infrastructure, including pilot, commercial, and developing-scale operations, is summarized. A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis is presented to assess the viability of CCUS pathways. Particular emphasis is placed on CO2 capture mechanisms via absorption (liquid solvents like amines, amino acids, ILs, ammonia, and alkaline solutions) and adsorption (solid sorbents), followed by a detailed literature survey of solvent-based capture methods. Recognizing the isolated inefficiencies of standalone capture or utilization processes, the review underscores the emerging importance of ICCU strategies. Recent advancements in CO2 conversion to methanol, methane, and formic acid via integrated systems are discussed, highlighting the synergy between capture and conversion units.

1 aSudhakaran, Amitha, Kalappurak1 aSreekantan, Sreejith1 aMarimuthu, Banu uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/reimagining-co2-management-swot-analysis-and-global-outlook-ccus-and-iccu-technologies