02366nas a2200313   4500008004100000022001400041245008600055210006900141260000800210300001200218490000700230520135200237653002901589653001801618653002001636653002101656653001901677100002201696700002701718700002101745700003201766700001601798700001501814700003001829700002301859700002801882700002601910856011601936       2021                        eng d  a2062-249X00aContinuous citrate-capped gold nanoparticle synthesis in a two-phase flow reactor0 aContinuous citratecapped gold nanoparticle synthesis in a twopha  cSEP  a553-5670 v113 aA continuous manufacturing platform was developed for the synthesis of aqueous colloidal 10-20 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in a flow reactor using chloroauric acid, sodium citrate and citric acid at 95 degrees C and 2.3 bar(a) pressure. The use of a twophase flow system - using heptane as the continuous phase - prevented fouling on the reactor walls, while improving the residence time distribution. Continuous syntheses for up to 2 h demonstrated its potential application for continuous manufacturing, while live quality control was established using online UV-Vis photospectrometry that monitored the particle size and process yield. The synthesis was stable and reproducible over time for gold precursor concentration above 0.23 mM (after mixing), resulting in average particle size between 12 and 15 nm. A hydrophobic membrane separator provided successful separation of the aqueous and organic phases and collection of colloidal Au NPs in flow. Process yield increased at higher inlet flow rates (from 70% to almost 100 %), due to lower residence time of the colloidal solution in the separator resulting in less fouling in the PTFE membrane. This study addresses the challenges for the translation of the synthesis from batch to flow and provides tools for the development of a continuous manufacturing platform for gold nanoparticles.10aContinuous manufacturing10aNanomaterials10aOnline analysis10aphase separation10asegmented flow1 aDamilos, Spyridon1 aAlissandratos, Ioannis1 aPanariello, Luca1 aRadhakrishnan, Anand, N. P.1 aCao, Enhong1 aWu, Gaowei1 aBesenhard, Maximilian, O.1 aKulkarni, Amol, A.1 aMakatsoris, Charalampos1 aGavriilidis, Asterios  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/continuous-citrate-capped-gold-nanoparticle-synthesis-two-phase-flow-reactor