02560nas a2200169   4500008004100000245012300041210006900164260000800233490000700241520189200248100002002140700002602160700002702186700002602213700002102239856013002260       2017                        eng d00aOptimal combinations of control strategies and cost-effective analysis for visceral leishmaniasis disease transmission0 aOptimal combinations of control strategies and costeffective ana  cMAR0 v123 aVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a deadly neglected tropical disease that poses a serious problem in various countries all over the world. Implementation of various intervention strategies fail in controlling the spread of this disease due to issues of parasite drug resistance and resistance of sandfly vectors to insecticide sprays. Due to this, policy makers need to develop novel strategies or resort to a combination of multiple intervention strategies to control the spread of the disease. To address this issue, we propose an extensive SIR-type model for anthroponotic visceral leishmaniasis transmission with seasonal fluctuations mod-eled in the form of periodic sandfly biting rate. Fitting the model for real data reported in South Sudan, we estimate the model parameters and compare the model predictions with known VL cases. Using optimal control theory, we study the effects of popular control strategies namely, drug-based treatment of symptomatic and PKDL-infected individuals, insecticide treated bednets and spray of insecticides on the dynamics of infected human and vector populations. We propose that the strategies remain ineffective in curbing the disease individually, as opposed to the use of optimal combinations of the mentioned strategies. Testing the model for different optimal combinations while considering periodic seasonal fluctuations, we find that the optimal combination of treatment of individuals and insecticide sprays perform well in controlling the disease for the time period of intervention introduced. Performing a cost-effective analysis we identify that the same strategy also proves to be effi-cacious and cost-effective. Finally, we suggest that our model would be helpful for policy makers to predict the best intervention strategies for specific time periods and their appropriate implementation for elimination of visceral leishmaniasis.1 aBiswas, Santanu1 aSubramanian, Abhishek1 aElmojtaba, Ibrahim, M.1 aChattopadhyay, Joydev1 aSarkar, Ram, Rup  uhttps://library.ncl.res.in/content/optimal-combinations-control-strategies-and-cost-effective-analysis-visceral-leishmaniasis