@article { ISI:000237485300010, title = {Ligand-, copper-, and amine-free one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted indoles via Sonogashira coupling 5-endo-dig cyclization}, journal = {Tetrahedron}, volume = {62}, number = {21}, year = {2006}, month = {MAY}, pages = {5109-5115}, publisher = {PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD}, type = {Article}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

Results of the optimized conditions for the one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted indoles via palladium acetate catalyzed tandem Sonogashira coupling 5-endo-dig cyclization at room temperature under ultrasonic irradiation and standard stirred conditions are described. Electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups present in both Coupling partners were well tolerated under these mild conditions. A copper-, ligand- and amine-free condition is an important feature of this protocol. Significant enhancement of reaction rates was observed for the reactions employing ultrasonic irradiation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {5-endo-dig cyclization, Indole, synthesis, Ultrasound}, issn = {0040-4020}, doi = {10.1016/j.tet.2006.03.035}, author = {Palimkar, Sanjay S. and Kumar, P. Harish and Lahoti, Rajgopal J. and Srinivasan, Kumar V.} } @article { ISI:000254443900045, title = {Efficient synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-octahydro-xanthene derivatives promoted by a room temperature ionic liquid at ambient conditions under ultrasound irradiation}, journal = {Ultrasonics Sonochemistry}, volume = {15}, number = {4}, year = {2008}, month = {APR}, pages = {548-553}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, type = {Article}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

The condensation reaction involving an aldehyde and diketone was efficiently promoted by the Ionic liquid, [Hbim]BF(4) (IL) as a reaction medium with methanol as co-solvent at ambient temperature under ultrasonic irradiation to afford the corresponding 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxantliene (xanthene) derivatives in excellent yields. The advantages of this method include among others the use of a recyclable, non-volatile ionic liquid, which promotes this protocol under ambient temperature without the requirement of ally added catalyst. The reaction times and yields are compared with p-TSA catalyzed synthesis of xanthenes under thermal conditions, which is also reported for the first time under our reaction conditions. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {aldehydes, ambient conditions, Bronsted acidity, dimedone, Ionic liquid, Ultrasound, Xanthenes}, issn = {1350-4177}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2007.06.001}, author = {Venkatesan, K. and Pujari, Suresh S. and Lahoti, Rajgopal J. and Srinivasan, K. V.} } @article { ISI:000254443900006, title = {Ultrasound promoted asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones using Ru(II)arene/amino alcohol catalyst system}, journal = {Ultrasonics Sonochemistry}, volume = {15}, number = {4}, year = {2008}, month = {APR}, pages = {289-293}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, type = {Article}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones using Ru(II)arene/amino alcohol catalyst system proceeds with significant rate enhancement by ultrasound promotion. Comparison of the silent reactions carried out at 25 degrees C with reactions under sonochemical activation at 25 degrees C clearly showed enhancement in catalytic activity by 5-10 times without significantly affecting the enantioselectivity. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {asymmetric catalysis, transfer hydrogenation, Ultrasound}, issn = {1350-4177}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2007.10.003}, author = {Shingote, Savita K. and Kelkar, Ashutosh A. and Borole, Yogesh L. and Joshi, Pradip D. and Chaudhari, Raghunath V.} } @article { ISI:000262781700012, title = {Ultrasound assisted synthesis of polyacrylic acid-nanoclay nanocomposite and its application in sonosorption studies of malachite green dye}, journal = {Ultrasonics Sonochemistry}, volume = {16}, number = {3}, year = {2009}, month = {MAR}, pages = {351-355}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

Synthesis of nanoclay nanocomposite has been undertaken by using polyacryalic acid (PAA) in aqueous medium and ultrasound environment and its application in dye removal has been investigated. The synthesized product was characterized by using FTIR and XRD techniques. The sonosorption capacity of the product namely PAA-nanoclay composite was determined by choosing malachite green (MG) dye as a model pollutant. The effects of various parameters such as nanocomposite loading, pH, various process conditions etc. have been studied. On comparing the results obtained with that of nanoclay as an adsorbent, it was found for an initial concentration of 500 mg/l, the PAA-nanoclay nanocomposite exhibited higher percentage of pollutant removal (68\%) and for nanoclay it was 54\%. The adsorption data has been correlated using Langmuir and Freundlich models. The fit of the Freundlich isotherm model was found to be good in the entire range of concentration for the experimental sorption data obtained on the nanoclay nanocomposite. A plausible reaction mechanism for use of PAA-nanoclay nanocomposite as ail adsorbent is also proposed. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Malachite Green, Nanocomposite, Polyacrylic acid, Sonosorption, Ultrasound}, issn = {1350-4177}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2008.10.008}, author = {Sonawane, S. H. and Chaudhari, P. L. and Ghodke, S. A. and Parande, M. G. and Bhandari, Vinay M. and Mishra, Satyendra and Kulkarni, R. D.} } @article { ISI:000276061200012, title = {Ultrasound-triggered release of ibuprofen from a chitosan-mesoporous silica composite - a novel approach for controlled drug release}, journal = {Macromolecular Symposia}, volume = {287}, year = {2010}, note = {4th International Symposium on Macro-and Supramolecular Architectures and Materials, Dusseldorf, GERMANY, SEP 07-11, 2008}, month = {JAN}, pages = {80-88}, publisher = {Int Union Pure \& Appl Chem; German Res Fdn}, address = {PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY}, abstract = {

In this work, an attempt was made to synthesize a novel Chitosan-Mesoporous silica (CS-MS) hybrid composite to design a drug delivery system based on ultrasound triggered stimuli-responsive smart release. The in-vitro drug release properties of both the Mesoporous Silica (MS) and Chitosan (CS) hybrids were investigated. Ibuprofen (Ibu) was used as a model drug. The results from powder X-Ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and BET N(2) adsorption isotherms exhibited that MS can accommodate drug molecules into the lumen of the channels and pores. Drug release, stimulated by temperature and pH of the release media was also investigated. We studied the Ultrasound (US) triggered release of Ibu in a simulated body fluid (pH 7.4). The results exhibited that US can be used as a non-invasive technique for drug release from polymeric materials. The enhancing effect of ultrasound on drug release is due to the Cavitation effect, without causing any significant destruction on the polymer morphology.

}, keywords = {Chitosan, drug delivery systems, ibuprofen, Mesoporous silica, Ultrasound}, issn = {1022-1360}, doi = {10.1002/masy.201050111}, author = {Depan, Dilip and Saikia, Lakshi and Singh, Raj Pal} } @article { ISI:000295772200014, title = {Ultrasound assisted one pot synthesis of imidazole derivatives using diethyl bromophosphate as an oxidant}, journal = {Ultrasonics Sonochemistry}, volume = {19}, number = {1}, year = {2012}, month = {JAN}, pages = {94-96}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

A one pot, three-component condensation of benzoin/benzyl, an aldehyde, and ammonium acetate using diethyl bromophosphate as a mild oxidant is achieved to form trisubstituted imidazole compounds. Under ultrasound irradiation, a smooth condensation occurs to get the 2, 4, 5-triaryl-1H-imidazole compounds in good to excellent yields. The study explores the scope and limitation of diethyl bromophosphate as an oxidant and suggests advantages, viz., simplicity of operation, reduction in time, and an increase in product yields. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Diethyl bromophosphate (DEP), Imidazole, One pot synthesis, Ultrasound}, issn = {1350-4177}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.05.009}, author = {Nagargoje, Deepak and Mandhane, Priyanka and Shingote, Savita and Badadhe, Pravin and Gill, Charansingh H.} } @article { ISI:000349726500017, title = {Continuous precipitation of calcium carbonate using sonochemical reactor}, journal = {Ultrasonics Sonochemistry}, volume = {24}, year = {2015}, month = {MAY}, pages = {132-139}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

The continuous production of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by precipitation method at room temperature was carried out in a stirred reactor under ultrasonic environment and was compared with the conventional stirring method. The effect of various operating parameters such as Ca(OH)(2) slurry concentration, CO2 flow rate and Ca(OH)(2) slurry flow rate on the particle size of CaCO3 was investigated. The calcium carbonate particles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) and particle size. The morphology was studied by using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images. The particle size obtained in the presence of ultrasonic environment was found to be smaller as compared to conventional stirring method. The particle size is found to be reduced with an increase in the concentrations of Ca(OH)(2) and increased with increasing CO2 flow rate for both the methods. The slurry flow rate had a major effect on the particle size and the particle size decreased with increased slurry flow rate. Only calcite phase of CaCO3 was predominantly present as confirmed by the characterization techniques for both the preparation methods. In most of the cases rhombohedral calcite particles were observed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Calcite, Crystal growth, Morphology, Nucleation, Particle size, Ultrasound}, issn = {1350-4177}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.12.003}, author = {Shirsath, S. R. and Sonawane, S. H. and Saini, D. R. and Pandit, A. B.} } @article { ISI:000354472900015, title = {Influence of cultivar, ripeness, blanching, drying, irradiation, and pectin recovery on alk(en)ylresorcinols in mango peels}, journal = {European Food Research and Technology}, volume = {240}, number = {6}, year = {2015}, month = {JUN}, pages = {1235-1245}, publisher = {SPRINGER}, address = {233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA}, abstract = {

The influence of different technological treatments on alk(en)ylresorcinol (AR) contents and pattern in mango peels was evaluated using peels from six different mango cultivars. AR concentrations were shown to highly depend on the cultivar. While high AR concentrations were observed in the analyzed monoembryonic cultivars, AR contents in the polyembryonic cultivar Nam Dokmai were significantly lower. Furthermore, for monoembryonic cultivars, AR levels in the peels of ripe fruits were found to be higher than in unripe ones, while AR levels in cv. Nam Dokmai were independent of the ripeness degree. Convective oven drying resulted in a significant reduction in AR contents when compared to lyophilization. Blanching prior to drying diminished AR yields, thus being unsuitable for satisfactory AR recovery. Gamma irradiation did not significantly affect the AR contents. Since depectinization of mango peels significantly concentrated AR amounts in the depectinized pomace, the consecutive extraction of pectin and ARs allows the dual valorization of mango peels. Considering the treatments investigated, the retention of ARs carrying saturated and unsaturated side chains did not differ under acidic conditions, heating, and irradiation, respectively. Consequently, the 1,3-dihydroxybenzene structure was concluded to be the most labile moiety of the AR molecule.

}, keywords = {Alkylresorcinol, By-products, Monoembryonic, Polyembryonic, Pomace, Ultrasound}, issn = {1438-2377}, doi = {10.1007/s00217-015-2426-x}, author = {Geerkens, Christian Hubert and Miller-Rostek, Petra and Matejka, Anna Elisabeth and Nene, Sanjay and Kammerer, Dietmar Rolf and Carle, Reinhold and Schweiggert, Ralf Martin} } @article { ISI:000380241600003, title = {Ultrasound- and molecular sieves-assisted synthesis, molecular docking and antifungal evaluation of 5-(4-(benzyloxy)-substituted phenyl)-3-((phenylamino)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones}, journal = {Molecules}, volume = {21}, number = {5}, year = {2016}, month = {MAY}, pages = {484}, publisher = {MDPI AG}, address = {ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND}, abstract = {

A novel series of 5-(4-(benzyloxy) substituted phenyl)-3-((phenyl amino) methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione Mannich bases 6a-o were synthesized in good yield from the key compound 5-(4-(benzyloxy) phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione by aminomethylation with paraformaldehyde and substituted amines using molecular sieves and sonication as green chemistry tools. The antifungal activity of the new products was evaluated against seven human pathogenic fungal strains, namely, Candida albicans ATCC 24433, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida glabrata NCYC 388, Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 34664, Cryptococcus neoformans PRL 518, Aspergillus fumigatus NCIM 902 and Aspergillus niger ATCC 10578. The synthesized compounds 6d, 6f, 6g, 6h and 6j exhibited promising antifungal activity against the tested fungal pathogens. In molecular docking studies, derivatives 6c, 6f and 6i showed good binding at the active site of C. albicans cytochrome P450 enzyme lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase. The in vitro antifungal activity results and docking studies indicated that the synthesized compounds have potential antifungal activity and can be further optimized as privileged scaffolds to design and develop potent antifungal drugs.

}, keywords = {1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles, Antifungal activity, Mannich reaction, Molecular docking, Molecular sieves, Ultrasound}, issn = {1420-3049}, doi = {10.3390/molecules21050484}, author = {Nimbalkar, Urja D. and Tupe, Santosh G. and Seijas Vazquez, Julio A. and Khan, Firoz A. Kalam and Sangshetti, Jaiprakash N. and Nikalje, Anna Pratima G.} } @article {43891, title = {Intensification of extraction of curcumin from Curcuma amada using ultrasound assisted approach: Effect of different operating parameters}, journal = {Ultrasonic Sonochemistry}, volume = {38}, year = {2017}, month = {SEP}, chapter = {437-445}, abstract = {

Curcumin, a dietary phytochemical, has been extracted from rhizomes of Curcuma amada using ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and the results compared with the conventional extraction approach to establish the process intensification benefits. The effect of operating parameters such as type of solvent, extraction time, extraction temperature, solid to solvent ratio, particle size and ultrasonic power on the extraction yield have been investigated in details for the approach UAE. The maximum extraction yield as 72\% was obtained in 1 h under optimized conditions of 35 degrees C temperature, solid to solvent ratio of 1:25, particle size of 0.09 mm, ultrasonic power of 250 W and ultrasound frequency of 22 kHz with ethanol as the solvent. The obtained yield was significantly higher as compared to the batch extraction where only about 62\% yield was achieved in 8 h of treatment. Peleg{\textquoteright}s model was used to describe the kinetics of UAE and the model showed a good agreement with the experimental results. Overall, ultrasound has been established to be a green process for extraction of curcumin with benefits of reduction in time as compared to batch extraction and the operating temperature as compared to Soxhlet extraction.

}, keywords = {Acrylamide, Cavitation, Curcumin Extraction, Design, Enhancement, Functionalized Silica, kinetics, Microwave, Nanoparticles, Natural-products, Optimization, Phenolic-compounds, Process Intensification, Solid-liquid Extraction, Ultrasound}, issn = {1350-4177}, doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.03.040}, author = {Shirsath, S. R. and Sable, S. S. and Gaikwad, S. G. and Sonawane, S. H. and Saini, D. R. and Gogate, P. R.} } @article {47121, title = {Antisolvent based ultrasound-assisted batch and continuous flow precipitation of metformin hydrochloride particles}, journal = {Journal of Flow Chemistry}, volume = {11}, year = {2021}, month = {JUN}, pages = {181-192}, type = {Article}, abstract = {

Small sized particles of the antidiabetic drug metformin hydrochloride (MET.HCl) were produced by antisolvent based precipitation using an ultrasound assisted inverted jet reactor (IJR). This novel approach was implemented as a small passive mixer in which intensified turbulent mixing of the solution and the antisolvent occurred under controlled conditions. The optimized conditions for antisolvent precipitation (ASP) were investigated by studying the effect of solute concentration, antisolvent to solvent ratio and antisolvent temperature in batch systems. The optimized batch precipitation conditions were successfully translated into continuous flow process for the ultrasound assisted inverted jet reactor. The ability of the proposed clogging free inverted jet reactor approach can provide a scaled up alternative pathway to micro and millifluidic devices for manufacturing of small sized API particles, such as, MET.HCl for the formulations and encapsulations on an industrial scale.

}, keywords = {Continuous antisolvent precipitation, Jet-reactor, Metformin, supersaturation, Ultrasound}, issn = {2062-249X}, doi = {10.1007/s41981-020-00137-y, Early Access Date = JAN 2021}, author = {Pal, Sayan and Nikam, Arun V. and Kulkarni, Amol A.} }