@article { ISI:000311754600007,
	title = {Antibacterial properties of linolenic sophorolipid and its chemically esterified methyl ester form},
	journal = {Research Journal of Biotechnology},
	volume = {7},
	number = {3},
	year = {2012},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {40-45},
	publisher = {RESEARCH JOURNAL BIOTECHNOLOGY},
	address = {SECTOR A-80, SCHEME NO 54, VIJAY NAGAR, A B ROAD, INDORE, 452 010 MP, INDIA},
	abstract = {<p>The antibacterial activity of Linolenic SL mixture (containing 80\% lactone) and its methyl ester derivative against Gram positive (B. subtilis) and Gram negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacteria is reported here. Bacterial cultures were treated with increasing concentrations of Linolenic SL mixture and its methyl ester derivative and antibacterial activity was checked at different time-intervals (2, 4 and 6 hrs) using standard dilution micromethod and spread plate method. Decrease in bacterial colonies was observed with increase in concentrations of compounds as well as incubation time but the level of effectiveness varies with the compound and bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of Linolenic SL mixture (LNNSL, containing 80\% lactone) against B. subtilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were found to be 20, 10 and 10 mu g ml(-1) respectively. The MIC values of methyl ester form (LNNSLME) against B. subtilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were determined to be \&gt;20, 20 and 20 mu g ml(-1) respectively. The results suggest that Linolenic SL mixture (containing 80\% lactone) as compared to its methyl ester derivative showed good antibacterial activity towards both the Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and were found to be more potent against Gram negative bacteria.</p>},
	keywords = {antibacterial activity, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Linolenic sophorolipid mixture, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sophorolipid methyl ester},
	issn = {0973-6263},
	author = {Reetika, Gupta and Kumar, Uma S. and Asmita, Prabhune}
}
@article { ISI:000301295900015,
	title = {Structural determination and chemical esterification of the sophorolipids produced by Candida bombicola grown on glucose and alpha-linolenic acid},
	journal = {Biotechnology Letters},
	volume = {34},
	number = {4},
	year = {2012},
	month = {APR},
	pages = {701-707},
	publisher = {SPRINGER},
	address = {VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>The extracellular surface-active glycolipids produced by the yeast, Candida bombicola when grown on glucose and alpha-linolenic acid, were analyzed by HPLC with electro-spray ionization (ESI-MS) and collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. The analysis confirmed that the sophorolipid (SL) mixture contained three different forms of C18:3 SL molecules: free acid, lactone and a diacetylated lactone, which has not been reported previously. Also a minor amount of diacetylated lactone form of C18:1 SL was detected. Further, the SL mixture was subjected to chemical esterification reaction with sodium methoxide. The reaction product was analyzed with ESI-MS and confirmed to be the single homogenous esterified product containing C18:3 moieties in its fatty acid chain.</p>},
	keywords = {Candida bombicola, Collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry, Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, HPLC, Linolenic acid, Sophorolipid methyl ester},
	issn = {0141-5492},
	doi = {10.1007/s10529-011-0818-y},
	author = {Gupta, Reetika and Prabhune, Asmita}
}
