@article { ISI:000301016800041,
	title = {Genetic homogeneity of in vitro raised plants of grapevine cv. crimson seedless revealed by ISSR and microsatellite markers},
	journal = {South African Journal of Botany},
	volume = {78},
	year = {2012},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {302-306},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>The present study was conducted to test the clonal homogeneity of six month old tissue culture raised plants of grapevine cv. Crimson Seedless using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Visible assessment of these in vitro raised plants maintained in polyhouse did not show any morphological differences among themselves. However, to test the genetic homogeneity of these plants, we screened 50 ISSR primers out of which, 22 primers produced scorable and repeatable bands. These 22 primers were used further for assessing genetic homogeneity of in vitro raised plants of Crimson Seedless. These 22 ISSR primers generated 134 distinct band classes with a total of 3216 scorable bands. All the primers showed uniform banding pattern for all the in vitro raised plants and the mother plant. In case of 5 SSR primers (VS I, VVMD5, VVS2, VMCNG4c8 and VVMD31) used, a total of 288 scorable bands were obtained. The allele sizes ranged from 98 to 254 bp. Allelic composition of 23 in vitro raised plants and the mother plant at 5 SSR loci did not show any polymorphism. The results of the two marker systems in the present study revealed the genetic uniformity among the in vitro raised plants demonstrating the reliability of in vitro propagation system used for the cultivar. (C) 2011 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Allele composition, Clonal fidelity, Inter Simple Sequence Repeats, Monomorphic bands, Tissue culture, Vitis vinifera L.},
	issn = {0254-6299},
	doi = {10.1016/j.sajb.2011.08.009},
	author = {Nookaraju, A. and Agrawal, Dinesh C.}
}
@article { ISI:000322293300006,
	title = {Use of amino acids for a highly efficient somatic embryogenesis in grapevine {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright}},
	journal = {Vitis},
	volume = {52},
	number = {3},
	year = {2013},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {137-140},
	publisher = {JKI-INSTITUT REBENZUCHTUNG},
	address = {GEILWEILERHOF, D-76833 SIEBELDINGEN, GERMANY},
	abstract = {<p>Somatic embryogenesis influenced by growth regulators and amino acids was studied in in vitro leaves of grapevine {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright}. In vitro leaves of the cultivar were collected from multiple shoot cultures maintained on Murashige and Skoog{\textquoteright}s (MS) basal medium supplemented with 9 mu M N-6-benzyladenine (BA). Among the growth regulators used, BA at 4.5 mu M induced higher embryogenic response producing more number of somatic embryos per explant. This response was increased with the addition of 5 mu M naphthoxyl-acetic acid (NOA) to 1/2 MS containing 4.5 mu M BA. Further, supplementation of amino acids in the callus induction medium significantly improved the embryogenic response of in vitro leaves. The higher number of explants showing somatic embryo production (55.3 \%) and higher number of somatic embryos per explant (15.5 per explant) were recorded with the supplementation of 5 mM phenylalanine to callus induction medium. Primary somatic embryos showed repetitive embryogenesis on \% MS medium devoid of growth regulators. Plantlets derived from somatic embryos were transferred to soil-sand-peat mixture (1:1:1 v/v) and hardened plantlets were established in greenhouse with 90 \% survival. This somatic embryogenesis system has been successfully used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation studies in {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright} in our laboratory. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of amino acids for the high efficient somatic embryogenesis in grapevine.</p>},
	keywords = {Amino acids, somatic embryogenesis, Vitis vinifera L., {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright}},
	issn = {0042-7500},
	author = {Nookaraju, A. and Agrawal, Dinesh C.}
}
