@article { ISI:000261950600017, title = {Furfural: hemicellulose/xylosederived biochemical}, journal = {Biofuels Bioproducts \& Biorefining-Biofpr}, volume = {2}, number = {5}, year = {2008}, month = {SEP}, pages = {438-454}, publisher = {JOHN WILEY \& SONS LTD}, type = {Review}, address = {THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

Hemicellulose, the second, most common polysaccharide in nature constitutes approximately 20-35\% of lignocellulosic biomass. Effective utilization of biomass, hitherto underutilized, is gaining tremendous importance for the production of energy, fuels, and chemicals. Amongst the vast array of chemicals derived from lignocellulosics, furfural is the key chemical that finds wide applications in oil refining, plastics, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. There is no synthetic route for the production of furfural. A few conventional technologies currently in practice for its separation and subsequent isolation are appropriately reviewed. Major disadvantages associated with processes currently used for the production of furfural based on acid-catalyzed hydrolysis have been discussed. A need to develop a process which is devoid of all the shortcomings associated with conventional process is emphasized. Several important aspects of chemistry underlying the acid hydrolysis of xylose are discussed. The importance of myriad pre-treatment steps involved to surmount the physical and chemical barriers and to liberate xylose from the confines of acid-resistant layer of lignin has been emphasized. New developments in the production of furfural from cyclodehydration of xylose using solid acid catalysts in the recent past have been reviewed appropriately in present communication. Finally, the production of furfural and furfuryl alcohol, their domestic market and export in China deserve some coverage and therefore have appropriately been discussed as well. (c) 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd

}, keywords = {acid hydrolysis, cyclodehydration, furfural, Hemicellulose, pre-treatment of lignocellulosics, Xylose}, issn = {1932-104X}, doi = {10.1002/bbb.95}, author = {Mamman, Ajit Singh and Lee, Jong-Min and Kim, Yeong-Cheol and Hwang, In Taek and Park, No-Joong and Hwang, Young Kyu and Chang, Jong-San and Hwang, Jin-Soo} } @article { ISI:000341070100010, title = {Synthesis of chenopanone}, journal = {Indian Journal of Chemistry Section B-Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry}, volume = {53}, number = {8}, year = {2014}, month = {AUG}, pages = {1140-1142}, publisher = {COUNCIL SCIENTIFIC \& INDUSTRIAL RES}, address = {ANUSANDHAN BHAWAN, 2 RAFI MARG, NEW DELHI, 110001, INDIA}, abstract = {

Starting from glyoxalic acid, a facile three step approach to chenopanone has been described utilizing the Barbier reaction as a key step.

}, keywords = {acid hydrolysis, Barbier reaction, chenopanone, condensation, Glyoxalic acid, isovaleraldehyde, synthesis}, issn = {0376-4699}, author = {Deore, Prashant S. and N. P. Argade} } @article {49633, title = {Colocasia esculenta stems for the isolation of cellulose nanofibers: a chlorine-free method for the biomass conversion}, journal = {Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery}, volume = {14}, year = {2024}, month = {MAY}, pages = {10305-10318}, type = {Article}, abstract = {

The reuse of waste products is the green key to sustainability. The extraction of cellulose nanofibers from Colocasia esculenta stems is presented in the paper. The study proved that the waste biomass could be effectively re-engineered into highly valued cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). Cellulose nanofibers were extracted via a chemo-mechanical route. The pre-treatments included mild alkali hydrolysis (2\% NaOH) and chlorine-free bleaching (peroxide bleaching in an alkaline medium). Cellulose I-beta structure was confirmed using C-13 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The elemental analysis of CNFs detected the elements, carbon and oxygen. The CNFs had a crystallinity and transmittance of 71.72\% and 60\%, respectively. Microscopic studies verified the elimination of non-cellulosic components and the fibrous nature of CNFs. Moreover, the fiber diameter of CNFs was 20-40 nm. Thermal analysis revealed good thermal stability of 335.8 degrees C (T-50) for nanofibers. Long-term aids are numerous in eco-friendly technology. Developing an eco-design will support zero waste ideals, lowers carbon dioxide emissions, and encourages a circular economy. Owing to the merits of natural fibers, they can be adopted in various sectors including packaging, automobile, aerospace, electronics, biomedical, construction, and furniture.

}, keywords = {acid hydrolysis, cellulose nanofibers, Colocasia esculenta stems, High crystallinity}, issn = {2190-6815}, doi = {10.1007/s13399-022-03171-z}, author = {Dominic, C. D. Midhun and Maheswary, S. and Neenu, V. K. and Sajadi, S. Mohammad and Rosa, Derval dos Santos and Begum, P. M. Sabura and Mathew, Mariya and Ajithkumar, T. G. and Parameswaranpillai, Jyotishkumar and George, Tresa Sunitha and Resmi, V. C. and Ilyas, R. A. and Badawi, Michael} }