@article { ISI:000239326400010,
	title = {On the {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}Active spacer and stabilizer{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} role of Zn in Cu1-xZnxFe2O4 in the selective mono-N-methylation of aniline: XPS and catalysis study},
	journal = {Journal of Catalysis},
	volume = {241},
	number = {1},
	year = {2006},
	month = {JUL},
	pages = {83-95},
	publisher = {ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE},
	type = {Article},
	address = {525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA},
	abstract = {<p>A systematic catalytic methylation study on ferrospinel materials led to the selective production of N-methylaniline (NMA) with Cu1-xZnxFe2O4. Aniline methylation was carried out on Cu1-xZnxFe2O4 with a feed composition of CH3OH:PhNH2:H2O = 3:1:1 at 513-633 K. NMA was formed selectively on all of the catalyst compositions, with trace amounts of secondary products under most of the conditions. Cu0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 composition showed high catalytic activity and stability up to 100 h. Although the Cu2+ was responsible for methylation activity, Zn2+ enhanced the overall stability of the catalyst system. XPS investigations revealed that the degree of Cu2+ reduction decreased dramatically from x = 0.05/0.25 to 0.5/0.75 on spent catalysts. TPR studies indicated that the reducibility of Cu2+ decreased from fully reducible at 523 K with Cu-rich compositions to partially reducible at 573 K on x = 0.5. Stable activity observed on Cu0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 can be attributed to the highly heterogeneous distribution of metal ions. This heterogeneous distribution indicates an important role of zinc, likely as an {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}active spacer cum stabilizee{\textquoteright} that hinders the reduction of active Cu2+ and contributes to prolonged activity. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Aniline, Ferrite, N-methylaniline, N-methylation, spacer, stabilizer, surface distribution, TPR, XPS},
	issn = {0021-9517},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jcat.2006.04.010},
	author = {Vijayaraj, Munusamy and Gopinath, Chinnakonda S.}
}
@article { ISI:000345479000014,
	title = {Effect of preparation parameters on characterization and activity of Co3O4 catalyst in liquid phase oxidation of lignin model substrates},
	journal = {Applied Catalysis A-General},
	volume = {487},
	year = {2014},
	month = {OCT},
	pages = {130-138},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	type = {Article},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>The nano structured spinel cobalt oxide (Co3O4) was prepared via simple co-precipitation method and its catalytic activity was evaluated for the liquid phase aerobic oxidation of lignin sub structure compounds such as veratryl alcohol. Catalyst preparation parameters influenced its morphology eventually affecting its oxidation activity. Thus, nano rod shaped CO3O4 catalyst showed 75\% and 38\% conversion of veratryl alcohol with complete selectivity to veratryl aldehyde in toluene and water, respectively, under base free condition. The influence of reaction conditions, such as temperature, oxygen pressure and catalyst loading was studied to obtain the optimum product yield and selectivity to the desired product. Furthermore, oxidation of various sub-structures of lignin model compounds was also studied over the same catalyst which was found to be in the following order: secondary alcohol \&gt;di-substituted \&gt; tri-substituted \&gt; monosubstituted \&gt; non-substitution. The stability of the catalyst was confirmed by its successful recycle for three times. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Coniferyl alcohol, Nano Co3O4, Sinapyl alcohol, TPR, Veratryl alcohol},
	issn = {0926-860X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.apcata.2014.08.023},
	author = {Mate, Vivek R. and Jha, Ajay and Joshi, U. D. and Patil, K. R. and Shirai, M. and Rode, C. V.}
}
