@article {47732,
	title = {Unraveling the reaction mechanism of selective C9 monomeric phenols formation from lignin using Pd-Al2O3-activated biochar catalyst},
	journal = {Bioresource Technology},
	volume = {344},
	year = {2022},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {126204},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {The conversion of biomass-derived lignin to valuable monomeric phenols at high selectivity is of paramount importance for sustainable biorefineries. In this study, a novel Pd-Al2O3 supported on activated biochar catalyst is developed for lignin hydrogenolysis. The catalyst characterization revealed that the (1 1 1) planes of both of Pd-0 and Al2O3 were exposed to the surface. The maximum lignin conversion of 70.4\% along with high liquid yield (similar to 57 wt\%) was obtained at 240 degrees C, 3 h and 3 MPa H-2 pressure. The total monomeric phenols yield in the liquid was 51.6 wt\%, out of which C9 monomeric guaiacols constituted similar to 30.0 wt\% with 38.0\% selectivity to 4-propyl guaiacol. Using the reaction intermediate, coniferyl alcohol, chemoselective hydrogenation of C-alpha=C-beta is proved to occur over the Pd site, while dehydroxylation of C-gamma-OH is shown to occur over the alumina site. An impressive carbon atom economy of 60\% was achieved for the production of monomeric phenols.},
	keywords = {Hydrogenolysis, lignin, Mechanism, Pd-Al/activated biochar, Propanol guaiacol, Propyl guaiacol},
	issn = {0960-8524},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126204},
	author = {Gurrala, L. and Kumar, M. M. and Yerrayya, Attada and Kandasamy, Prabu and Castano, Pedro and Raja, T. and Pilloni, Giovanni and Paek, C. and Vinu, R.}
}
