@article { ISI:000233067000013,
	title = {Preparation and characterization of a copper based Indian traditional drug: tamra bhasma},
	journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis},
	volume = {39},
	number = {5},
	year = {2005},
	month = {OCT},
	pages = {951-955},
	publisher = {PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD},
	type = {Article},
	address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND},
	abstract = {<p>The copper based Indian traditional drug {\textquoteleft}tamra bhasma{\textquoteright} is administered for various ailments since long. Its synthesis involves treating metallic copper with plant juices and then repeated calcination in presence of air so that the metallic state is transformed into the corresponding oxide form traditionally known as {\textquoteleft}bhasma{\textquoteright}. In this work, we present a systematic characterization of this traditional drug using various techniques like X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetry (TG) and surface area measurement. The results obtained were found to match very well with those of a standard copper oxide confirming the composition of the drug sample. In addition, some specific findings were also made which could help in interpreting the therapeutic properties of the traditional drug {\textquoteleft}tamra bhasma{\textquoteright}. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {copper oxide, crystallite size, tamra bhasma, traditional medicine, XPS of copper oxide, XRD},
	issn = {0731-7085},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpba.2005.06.015},
	author = {Wadekar, M. P. and Rode, C. V. and Bendale, Y. N. and Patil, K. R. and Prabhune, Asmita}
}
@article { ISI:000238491100062,
	title = {Effect of calcination cycles on the preparation of tin oxide based traditional drug: studies on its formation and characterization},
	journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis},
	volume = {41},
	number = {4},
	year = {2006},
	month = {JUN},
	pages = {1473-1478},
	publisher = {PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD},
	type = {Article},
	address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND},
	abstract = {<p>The preparation method of metal based Indian traditional drugs involves conversion of a pure metal into its oxide by repeated high temperature calcination cycles. In this work, the effect of number of calcination cycles followed in the preparation of tin oxide based Ayurvedic drug, {\textquoteleft}vanga bhasma{\textquoteright} was studied by a systematic characterization of the drug samples after various calcination stages. It was found that tin was in the form of Sn4+ state and that the formation of SnO2 proceeded step-wise through Sn(OH)(4). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {calcination cycles, Oxidation, oxidation state of tin, Particle size, tin oxide, vanga bhasma},
	issn = {0731-7085},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpba.2006.03.032},
	author = {Wadekar, M. P. and Rode, C. V. and Bendale, Y. N. and Patil, K. R. and Gaikwad, A. B. and Prabhune, Asmita}
}
