@article { ISI:000228771600009,
	title = {Synthesis of nanocrystalline rutile},
	journal = {Ceramics International},
	volume = {31},
	number = {4},
	year = {2005},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {555-557},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD},
	type = {Article},
	address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND},
	abstract = {<p>Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) in the rutile phase has been obtained by homogeneous precipitation using urea and TiOCl2. A mixture of urea and TiOCl2 is heated on a hot water bath at 65-75 degrees C to precipitate rutile powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies on these oven-dried powders indicated the formation of single-phase rutile. Raman scattering experiments were also performed to confirm the formation of the rutile phase. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations revealed the average particle size of these powders to be 40 nm. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {chemical preparation, Electron microscopy, powders, TiO2, X-ray methods},
	issn = {0272-8842},
	author = {Samuel, V and Pasricha, R and Ravi, V}
}
@article { ISI:000232196200008,
	title = {TiO2 ceramic varistor modified with tantalum and barium},
	journal = {Materials Science and Engineering B-Solid State Materials for Advanced Technology},
	volume = {123},
	number = {1},
	year = {2005},
	month = {NOV},
	pages = {50-52},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA},
	type = {Article},
	address = {PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND},
	abstract = {<p>The non-linear current (I)-voltage (V) characteristics of titanium dioxide doped with small quantities of tantalum and barium (99.9 TiO2 + 0.1 Ta and 99.4 TiO2 + 0.1 Ta + 0.5 Ba, all are in at.\%) were investigated. These samples have the non-linear coefficient (alpha) values of (20-30) with high breakdown voltages (E-B similar to 400-700 V mm(-1)). The pentavalent tantalum acts as donor and increases the electronic conductivity. The higher electrical conductivity and decrease in the breakdown field strength with barium addition is attributed to higher density. The acceptor like surface states formed by barium ions segregate to grain boundaries due size misfit to thereby modifying the electrical barrier characteristics of grain boundaries. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Ceramics, Oxides, TiO2, varistor, X-ray diffraction},
	issn = {0921-5107},
	doi = {10.1016/j.mseb.2005.06.015},
	author = {Gaikwad, A. B. and Navale, SC and Ravi, V}
}
