@article { ISI:000253497900006,
	title = {Cellular polyamines influence maturation and germination of somatic embryos from pro-embryonal masses of two grapevine cultivars},
	journal = {Vitis},
	volume = {47},
	number = {1},
	year = {2008},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {31-34},
	publisher = {BUNDESANSTALT ZUCHTUNGS FORSCHUNG KULTURPFLANZEN},
	type = {Article},
	address = {INST REBENZUCHTUNG GEILWEILERHOF, D-76833 SIEBELDINGEN, GERMANY},
	abstract = {<p>Somatic embryos of grapevine multiply repeatedly and often fail to mature and germinate due to factors like dormancy and embryo teratology. The present investigation was carried out to improve the maturation and germination of somatic embryos from pro-embryonal masses (PEM) of 2A-Clone and {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright}, two seedless grapevine cultivars. Also, the aim was to study a correlation between cellular and residual polyamine (PA) levels in PEM and culture media. The efficiency of maturation and germination of embryos from PEM varied significantly between the two cultivars and depended on incubation period and type of PAs in the medium. HPLC analysis showed that higher levels of cellular putrescine in PEM had correlation with maturation and germination percentages in both cultivars. The levels of three PAs depleted in the media rapidly indicating its uptake by PEM. Of the three PAs, putrescine (PUT) was the most effective and resulted in 100.0 or 92.0 \% maturation at 14 d or 30 d in 2A-Clone or {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright}, respectively. The maximum germination of somatic embryos was recorded with PUT at 14 d or 21 d in 2A-Clone or {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright}, respectively.</p>},
	keywords = {germination, Grapevine, maturation, polyamines, {\textquoteleft}2A-Clone{\textquoteright}, {\textquoteleft}Crimson Seedless{\textquoteright}},
	issn = {0042-7500},
	author = {Nookapaju, A. and Barreto, M. S. and Agrawal, Dinesh C.}
}
@conference { ISI:000257237400015,
	title = {Variability among vitis vinifera cultivars to in vitro propagation},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Symposium on Grape Production and Processing},
	series = {ACTA HORTICULTURAE},
	number = {785},
	year = {2008},
	note = {International Symposium on Grape Production and Processing, Baramati, INDIA, FEB 06-11, 2006},
	month = {MAY},
	pages = {127-139},
	publisher = {Agr \& Processed Food Prod Export Dev Author; Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperat Ltd; Maharashtra Agro Industries Dev Corp Ltd; Indian Council Agr Res; Natl Res Ctr Grapes; Federat Indian Chambers Commerce \& Ind; Natl Hort Board; Minist Food Proc Industrie},
	organization = {Agr \& Processed Food Prod Export Dev Author; Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperat Ltd; Maharashtra Agro Industries Dev Corp Ltd; Indian Council Agr Res; Natl Res Ctr Grapes; Federat Indian Chambers Commerce \& Ind; Natl Hort Board; Minist Food Proc Industrie},
	address = {Po Box 500, 3001 Leuven 1, Belgium},
	abstract = {<p>Response of grapevines to tissue culture has been reported to be genotype dependent, hence it becomes imperative to optimize culture conditions for newly developed varieties or cultivars, needing a large scale planting but availability of sufficient planting stock is a constraint. In the present study, conditions for in vitro propagation of six popular table grape cultivars have been standardized. Single node stem segments of cultivars 2A-Clone of Thompson Seedless, Red Globe, Crimson Seedless, Thompson Seedless, Flame Seedless and Italia cultured on ten different basal media showed varied percentages of bud break and morphogenetic responses. The percentage of bud break varied among the six cultivars. Direct rooting at basal ends of single node segments was observed in all the cultivars except in Italia. Woody plant medium induced the highest response and Eriksson medium the least in all the cultivars tested. Rooted nodal segments with shoots in axils could be established into whole plants on potting. Six cultivars showed different optimum concentrations of growth regulators for induction of maximum number of multiple shoots in both primary as well as secondary nodal segments. Shoot proliferation could be enhanced by several fold in the majority of cultivars on culture of initial shoot clumps to glass bottles instead of culture tubes. Six cultivars showed significant differences in optimum requirement of nutrients and growth regulators for shoot elongation, in vitro and ex vitro rooting and survival rate. Tissue culture plants of all the six cultivars could establish successfully in a greenhouse.</p>},
	keywords = {basal media, Grapevine, growth regulators, micropropagation, Tissue culture, Vitis},
	isbn = {978-90-6605-268-0},
	issn = {0567-7572},
	author = {Barreto, M. S. and Nookaraju, A. and Joglekar, A. M. and Karibasappa, G. S. and Agrawal, Dinesh C.},
	editor = {Adsule, P. G. and Sawant, I. S. and Shikhamany, S. D.}
}
