@article { ISI:000253715400006,
	title = {Observations of enhanced aerosol longwave radiative forcing over an urban environment},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {35},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	month = {FEB},
	pages = {L04817},
	publisher = {AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION},
	address = {2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA},
	abstract = {<p>Collocated measurements of sun/ sky radiance, aerosol chemical composition and radiative fluxes have been utilized to estimate longwave aerosol radiative forcing over Pune, an Indian urban site during dry winter [Dec2004 to Feb2005] by two methods. Hybrid method which uses observed downwelling and modeled upwelling longwave fluxes for different aerosol loadings yielded a surface forcing of 9.4 Wm(-2). Model approach includes utilization of skyradiometer derived spectral aerosol optical properties in the visible and near infra-red wavelengths, modeled aerosol properties in 1.2-40 mu m using observed soot and chemical composition data, MODIS water vapor and TOMS column ozone in a radiative transfer model. Estimates from model method showed longwave enhancement of 6.5 and 8.2Wm(-2) at the surface with tropical model atmosphere and temporally varying profiles of temperature and humidity, respectively. Study reveals that about 25\% of the aerosol shortwave cooling is being compensated by increase in longwave radiation due to aerosol absorption.</p>},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2007GL032879},
	author = {Panicker, A. S. and Pandithurai, G. and Safai, P. D. and Kewat, S.}
}
