@article { ISI:000351153700001, title = {Processable aromatic polyesters based on bisphenol derived from cashew nut shell liquid: synthesis and characterization}, journal = {Journal of Polymer Research}, volume = {21}, number = {12}, year = {2014}, month = {NOV}, pages = {617}, publisher = {SPRINGER}, address = {VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

A new bisphenol viz., 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3-pentadecylphenol (HPPDP) was synthesized starting from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). Aromatic (co)polyesters containing ether linkages in the main chain and pendent pentadecyl chains were synthesized by the interfacial polycondensation of HPPDP with terephthalic acid chloride (TPC), isophthalic acid chloride (IPC) and a mixture of TPC and IPC (50: 50 mol \%) and by polycondenation of varying composition of HPPDP and bisphenol-A (BPA) with TPC. The resultant (co) polyesters exhibited inherent viscosities in the range 0.70-1.21 dL g(-1) and number-average molecular weights in the range 16,000-48,200 (GPC, polystyrene standard). Polyesters were soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform and dichloromethane and could be cast into films from chloroform solution. Polyesters exhibited T-10 values in the range 430-455 degrees C and Tg values were in the range 29-202 degrees C. Dynamic mechanical storage modulus and maximum on transition of tan delta curve decreased with increased content of HPPDP in copolyesters. Importantly, the large difference between Tg and T-10 values offers the possibility to process these polyesters in the melt.

}, keywords = {Aromatic polyesters, Cashew nut shell liquid, pentadecyl, Polycondensation, processability, Thermal properties}, issn = {1022-9760}, doi = {10.1007/s10965-014-0617-y}, author = {Tawade, Bhausaheb V. and Salunke, Jagadish K. and Sane, Prakash S. and Wadgaonkar, Prakash P.} } @article { ISI:000363466600014, title = {Synthesis and characterization of polyetherimides containing multiple ether linkages and pendent pentadecyl chains}, journal = {Polymer International}, volume = {64}, number = {12}, year = {2015}, month = {DEC}, pages = {1770-1778}, publisher = {WILEY-BLACKWELL}, address = {111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}, abstract = {

4-(4-(4-(4-Aminophenoxy)-2-pentadecylphenoxy)phenoxy)aniline (APPPA) was synthesized starting from cashew nut shell liquid-derived bisphenol, i.e. 4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3-pentadecylphenol, by nucleophilic substitution reaction with 4-chloronitrobenzene followed by reduction of the formed 4-(4-nitrophenoxy)-1-(4-(4-nitrophenoxy)phenoxy)-2-pentadecylbenzene. Three new polyetherimides containing multiple ether linkages and pendent pentadecyl chains were synthesized by one-step high-temperature solution polycondensation of APPPA in m-cresol with three aromatic dianhydrides, i.e. 3,3,4,4-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 4,4-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride and 3,3,4,4-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride. Inherent viscosities and number-average molecular weights of the polyetherimides were in the ranges 0.66-0.70 dLg(-1) and 17100-29700gmol(-1) (gel permeation chromatography, polystyrene standards), respectively, indicating the formation of reasonably high molecular weight polymers. The polyetherimides were soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, m-cresol, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone and dimethylsulfoxide, and could be cast into transparent, flexible and tough films from their solutions in chloroform. The polyetherimides exhibited glass transition temperatures (T-g) in the range 113-131 degrees C. The lowering of T-g could be attributed to the combined influence of flexibilizing ether linkages and pentadecyl chains which act as packing-disruptive{\textquoteright} groups. The temperature at 10\% weight loss (T-10), determined from thermogravimetric analysis in nitrogen atmosphere, was in the range 460-470 degrees C demonstrating good thermal stability. The virtues of solubility and large gap between T-g and T-10 mean that the polyetherimides containing pendent pentadecyl chains have possibilities for both solution as well as melt processability. (c) 2015 Society of Chemical Industry

}, keywords = {CNSL, ether linkage, pentadecyl, polyetherimide, processability}, issn = {0959-8103}, doi = {10.1002/pi.4978}, author = {Tawade, Bhausaheb V. and Kulkarni, Arun D. and Wadgaonkar, Prakash P.} } @article { ISI:000373492800012, title = {Synthesis and properties of poly(arylene ether)s based on 3-pentadecyl 4,4{\textquoteright}-biphenol}, journal = {Polymer International}, volume = {65}, number = {5}, year = {2016}, month = {MAY}, pages = {567-576}, publisher = {WILEY-BLACKWELL}, address = {111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}, abstract = {

A new biphenol, 3-pentadecyl 4,4-biphenol, was synthesized starting from 3-pentadecylphenol and was polycondensed with 4,4-difluorobenzophenone, 1,3-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene and bis(4-fluorophenyl)sulfone to obtain poly(arylene ether)s with biphenylene linkages in the backbone and pendent pentadecyl chains. Inherent viscosities and number-average molecular weights (M-n) of the poly(arylene ether)s were in the range 0.50 - 0.81 dL g(-1) and 2.2 x 10(4) - 8.3 x 10(4), respectively. Detailed NMR spectroscopic studies of the poly(arylene ether)s indicated the presence of constitutional isomerism which existed because of the non-symmetrical structure of 3-pentadecyl 4,4-biphenol. The poly(arylene ether)s readily dissolved in common organic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran and could be cast into tough, transparent and flexible films from their chloroform solutions. The poly(arylene ether)s exhibited T-g values in the range 35-60 degrees C which are lower than that of reference poly(arylene ether)s without pentadecyl chains. The 10\% decomposition temperatures (T-10) of the poly(arylene ether)s were in the range 410-455 degrees C indicating their good thermal stability. A gas permeation study of poly(ether sulfone) containing pendent pentadecyl chains revealed a moderate increase in permeability for helium, hydrogen and oxygen. However, there was a large increase in permeability for carbon dioxide which could be attributed to the internal plasticization effect of pendent pentadecyl chains. (c) 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

}, keywords = {cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), gas permeation study, pentadecyl, poly(arylene ether)s, thermal stability}, issn = {0959-8103}, doi = {10.1002/pi.5095}, author = {Tawade, Bhausaheb V. and Shaligram, Sayali V. and Valsange, Nitin G. and Kharul, Ulhas K. and Wadgaonkar, Prakash P.} }