@article {47114,
	title = {Bioglycerol (C3) upgrading to 2,3-butanediol (C4) by cell-free extracts of Enterobacter aerogenes NCIM 2695},
	journal = {Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology},
	volume = {96},
	year = {2021},
	month = {MAY},
	pages = {1316-1325},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>BACKGROUND Production of biobased chemicals from renewable resources is a green starring approach that serves as a substitute to petroleum derivatives. Bioglycerol, with its growing production as a co-product of biodiesel, is an attractive low-cost feedstock for the synthesis of platform chemicals by microbial fermentation. 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) is amongst the top biorefinery platform chemicals that can be produced by glycerol fermentation. RESULTS The {\textquoteleft}Circular Economy{\textquoteright} concept is demonstrated by converting the by-product bioglycerol using a cell-free extract of Enterobacter aerogenes NCIM 2695 (National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms, NCIM), yielding 22 g L-1 2,3-BDO, in 96 h, 98\% atom economy and 0.4 g/g E factor. The cell-free bioglycerol conversion to 2,3-BDO was proved using a modified procedure for determining glycerol dehydrogenase enzyme assay by protein analysis and it was also shown to be cell-bounded. CONCLUSION Our study offers an effective utilization of the leftover material (i.e. cell-free extract) that biocatalysed C3 to C4 diol, which adds value to the overall economics of the process using only crude glycerol (C3) itself as a fermentative medium.</p>
},
	keywords = {2, 3-Butanediol, atom economy, circular economy, E factor, Glycerol, glycerol dehydrogenase},
	issn = {0268-2575},
	doi = {10.1002/jctb.6650, Early Access Date = JAN 2021},
	author = {Parate, Roopa and Borgave, Mrunal and Dharne, Mahesh and Rode, Chandrashekhar}
}
@article {47641,
	title = {Role of preparation parameters of Cu-Zn mixed oxide catalyst in solvent free glycerol carbonylation with urea},
	journal = {Journal of the Indian Chemical Society},
	volume = {98},
	year = {2021},
	month = {JUL},
	pages = {100090},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Solvent-free carbonylation of glycerol with urea to glycerol carbonate (GC) was achieved over heterogeneous Cu-Zn mixed oxide catalyst. Cu-Zn catalysts with different ratios of Cu:Zn were prepared using co-precipitation (CP) and oxalate gel (OG) methods. As compared to CuO-ZnO(2:1) catalyst prepared by oxalate gel (OG) method, much higher conversion of glycerol and highest selectivity towards glycerol carbonate (GC) was achieved with CuO-ZnO_CP(2:1) catalyst. Physicochemical properties of prepared catalysts were investigated by using XRD, FT-IR, BET, TPD of CO2 and NH3 and TEM techniques. The effect of stoichiometric ratio of Cu/Zn, calcination temperature of CuO-ZnO catalysts and effect of reaction parameters such as molar ratio of substrates, time and temperature on glycerol conversion to GC were critically studied. Cu/Zn of 2:1 ratio, glycerol-urea 1:1 molar ratio, 145 degrees C reaction temperatures were found to be optimized reaction conditions to achieve highest glycerol conversion of 86\% and complete selectivity towards GC. The continuous expel of NH 3 from reaction the mixture avoided formation of ammonia complex with CuO-ZnO catalyst. As a result of this, CuO-ZnO catalyst could be recycled up to three times without losing its initial activity.},
	keywords = {Co-precipitation (CP), Glycerol, Glycerol carbonate, Oxalate gel (OG)},
	issn = {0019-4522},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jics.2021.100090},
	author = {Charate, Shrinivas and Shinde, Suhas and Kondawar, Sharda and Desai, Uday and Wadgaonkar, Prakash and Rode, Chandrashekhar}
}
@article {48156,
	title = {Influence of catalyst reduction temperature on autogenous glycerol hydrogenolysis over NiAl catalyst},
	journal = {Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2022},
	month = {FEB},
	pages = {e202100704},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>
	Autogenous glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,2-propanediol by aqueous phase reforming (APR) was investigated over supported nickel catalysts. Effect of reduction temperature on physico-chemical properties of catalysts played a significant role in tuning conversion and product selectivities. The formation of nickel aluminate (NiAl2O4) spinel phase during catalyst reduction led to rearrangement of Ni species to obtain small and stable Ni particles. The catalyst activation temperature alters the extent of reduction of multivalent Ni species (Ni-0, Ni+2/+3) which facilitated glycerol dehydration and hydrogenation while suppressing C-C cleavage and thus avoiding undesirable side products. Additionally, presence of moderate Bronsted/Lewis acid ratio of the catalyst promoted higher 1,2-PDO selectivity. In-situ glycerol hydrogenolysis involves glycerol dehydration to acetol with simultaneous reforming to H-2 and CO2 and this hydrogen converts acetol to 1,2-PDO.</p>
},
	keywords = {APR, autogenous hydrogenolysis, Glycerol, Propanediols, reduction temperature, spinel},
	issn = {2193-5807},
	doi = {10.1002/ajoc.202100704},
	author = {Pandya, Rajan and Mane, Rasika and Rode, Chandrashekhar}
}
