@article { ISI:000277325500008,
	title = {Dibutyltin oxide catalyzed aminolysis of oxalate to carbamate, oxamate and derivatives of imidazolidine trione},
	journal = {Applied Organometallic Chemistry},
	volume = {24},
	number = {5},
	year = {2010},
	month = {MAY},
	pages = {402-407},
	publisher = {JOHN WILEY \& SONS LTD},
	address = {THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND},
	abstract = {<p>Catalytic aminolysis of oxalates by simple and substituted ureas has been shown to give carbamates, oxamates and derivatives of imidazolidine trione. Various substituted ureas and oxalates were screened to verify the applicability of the protocol. The role of dibutyltin oxide as catalyst, effect of solvent and reaction conditions on product distribution pattern has been discussed. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley \&amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>},
	keywords = {Aminolysis, carbamate, derivative of imidazolidine trione, oxalate, oxamate, transfunctionalyzation, Urea},
	issn = {0268-2605},
	doi = {10.1002/aoc.1629},
	author = {Kunde, Lalita B. and Kalyani, Vishwanath S. and Gupte, Sunil P.}
}
@article { ISI:000286850000004,
	title = {Oxidative carbonylation of amine using water-soluble palladium catalysts in biphasic media},
	journal = {Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical},
	volume = {334},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2011},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {20-28},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>Application of water-soluble palladium catalysts for oxidative carbonylation of aniline to N,N{\textquoteright} diphenyl urea (DPU) has been reported. The water-soluble palladium catalysts prepared from sulfonated N-containing ligands were found to be highly stable under reaction conditions and easily recyclable due to insoluble urea product in the reaction medium. This is in contrast to the sulfonated phosphine ligands, which are vulnerable to oxidation under reaction conditions, showing poor activity and stability. Commercially available as well as laboratory synthesized ligands were used for preparing water-soluble palladium catalysts, for oxidative carbonylation of aniline. The best activity was obtained for Pd complex with disodium 2,2{\textquoteright}-bipyridine-4,4{\textquoteright}-disulfonate (Bipy-DS) ligand. Under optimized conditions Pd(BipyDS)Pd(OAc)(2) catalyst gave TOF of similar to 210h(-1) with aniline conversion of similar to 97\% with similar to 91\% selectivity for N.N{\textquoteright}-diphenyl urea. It was found that the catalyst was easily reusable up to five times, with negligible loss in the catalytic activity. The effect of reaction parameters was investigated and a plausible reaction mechanism has been proposed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Amine, Biphasic catalysis, Carbonylation, Urea, Water-soluble palladium catalyst},
	issn = {1381-1169},
	doi = {10.1016/j.molcata.2010.10.018},
	author = {Didgikar, Mahesh R. and Joshi, Sunil S. and Gupte, Sunil P. and Diwakar, Makarand M. and Deshpande, Raj Madhukar and Chaudhari, Raghunath V.}
}
