@article { ISI:000256178900021, title = {Heteropolyacid supported on acidic clay: a novel efficient catalyst for alkylation of ethylbenzene with dilute ethanol to diethylbenzene in presence of C-8 aromatics}, journal = {Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical}, volume = {285}, number = {1-2}, year = {2008}, month = {APR}, pages = {155-161}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, type = {Article}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

Vapor phase alkylation of ethylbenzene with ethanol to diethylbenzene is industrially relevant. Diethylbenzene is an important raw material for the conversion of divinyl benzene monomer. Conventionally, it is prepared from diacetophenone by reduction. It is also prepared by vapor phase alkylation of ethylbenzene with ethylene using zeolitic catalysts. The efficacy of dodecatungsotphosphoric acid (DTPA) supported on acid treated clay has been evaluated in the current work in the alkylation of ethylbenzene with 80\% (w/w) ethanol. 15\% (w/w) DTPA/K-10 clay was found to be an efficient and robust catalyst. The use of aqueous ethanol and a mixed C-8 stream lowers the cost of production. A kinetic model is developed by studying the important process parameters with 15\% (w/w) DTPA/K-10 as the catalyst. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Alkylation, diethylbenzene, Heteropolyacid, kinetics, Solid acids}, issn = {1381-1169}, doi = {10.1016/j.molcata.2007.11.018}, author = {Bokade, Vijay V. and Yadav, Ganapati D.} } @article { ISI:000266185600012, title = {Selective N-alkylation of aniline with methanol over a heteropolyacid on montmorillonite K10}, journal = {Applied Clay Science}, volume = {44}, number = {3-4}, year = {2009}, month = {MAY}, pages = {255-258}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

N-methylaniline is an industrially important product in the manufacture of paper, textile dyes, drugs, perfumes and explosives. The vapour phase alkylation of aniline with methanol forming N-methylaniline is advantageous over liquid phase alkylation. In present study, vapour phase methylation of aniline over dodecatungestophosphoric acid supported on K10 montmorillonite was systematically studied and optimization of process parameters was carried out. The 20\% m/m DTPA/K10 was found to be optimum with 79\% aniline conversion and 99\% N-methylaniline selectivity. The reaction required milder operating conditions than reported for commercial catalysts. We also studied the feasibility of 20\% m/m DTPA/K10 as a catalyst for the alkylation of aniline with other alcohols like ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol and n-butanol. The activity of 20\% m/m DTPA/K10 decreased with increasing carbon number. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Alkylation, Aniline, Heteropolyacid, montmorillonite K10, N-methylaniline}, issn = {0169-1317}, doi = {10.1016/j.clay.2009.02.011}, author = {Nehate, Manoj and Bokade, Vijay V.} } @article { ISI:000276957700010, title = {Synthesis of ethyl acetate by esterification of acetic acid with ethanol over a heteropolyacid on montmorillonite K10}, journal = {Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry}, volume = {19}, number = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {MAR}, pages = {161-164}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

In present work, liquid phase esterification of acetic acid with ethanol over dodecatungestophosphoric acid (DTPA) supported on K10 mommorillonite was systematically studied and optimization of process parameters was carried out The 20\% m/m urpAtK tO was found to be the optimum catalyst with 90\% acetic acid conversion and 100\% ethyl acetate selectivity The study was also explored to see the feasibility of 20\% m/m DTPA/K10 as a catalyst for the alkylation of acetic acid with other alcohols like methanol, iso-propanol and sr-butanol. The 20\% m/m DTPA/K10 has shown increased activity with the increase in carbon number, at the same alcohol reflux The results are novel

}, keywords = {Acetic acid, Ethanol, ethyl acetate, Heteropolyacid, montmorillonite K10}, issn = {1003-9953}, doi = {10.1016/S1003-9953(09)60048-7}, author = {Gurav, Hanumant and Bokade, Vijay V.} } @article { ISI:000294374900020, title = {Heteropolyacid supported on montmorillonite catalyst for dehydration of dilute bio-ethanol}, journal = {Applied Clay Science}, volume = {53}, number = {2, SI}, year = {2011}, month = {AUG}, pages = {263-271}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

Vapour phase dehydration of dilute bio-ethanol (EtOH) to ethylene (E) and diethyl ether (DEE) is industrially relevant. Ethylene is an important raw material for many petrochemical products and Diethyl ether (DEE) can be used as an alternative fuel. The efficacy of montmorillonite (K-10) and dodecatungestophosphoric acid (DTPA) supported on montmorillonite (DTPA/K-10), has been evaluated in the current work in the dehydration of dilute bio-ethanol (80\%m/m). The dehydration of ethanol and cracking of diethyl ether were studied independently. 30\% m/m DTPA/K-10 was found to be more active with 74\% ethanol conversion and 92\% ethylene selectivity at 250 degrees C in comparison with other acid catalysts used. The merit of the process lies in its use of dilute bio-ethanol, a new avenue for ethylene production from a non-petroleum feedstock. Kinetic interpretation has been made by studying the important process parameters by using 30\%m/m DTPA/montmorillonite as the catalyst. The mechanism of the dehydration of ethanol reaction suggests that two types of sites are responsible. The dehydration of ethanol and cracking of diethyl ether are second order reactions with weak adsorption of species. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Bio-ethanol, dehydration, Diethyl ether, Ethylene, Heteropolyacid}, issn = {0169-1317}, doi = {10.1016/j.clay.2011.03.006}, author = {Bokade, Vijay V. and Yadav, Ganapati D.} }