@article { ISI:000276010000034,
	title = {Cytotoxic activity of 9,10-dihydro-2,5-dimethoxyphenanthrene-1,7-diol from Eulophia nuda against human cancer cells},
	journal = {Journal of Ethnopharmacology},
	volume = {128},
	number = {1},
	year = {2010},
	month = {MAR},
	pages = {251-253},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD},
	address = {ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND},
	abstract = {<p>Ethnopharmacological relevance: Eulophia nuda L. (Orchidaceae) is a medicinally important terrestrial orchid used for the treatment of tumours and various health problems by the local healers throughout the Western Ghats region in Maharashtra (India). Aim of the study: To isolate the active molecule from Eulophia nuda and to study its cytotoxic potential against human cancer cells. Materials and methods: The crude methanolic extract of Eulophia nuda tubers was fractionated by stepwise gradient of the solvents chloroform-methanol to isolate the pure compound. Isolated pure compound was assessed for its cytotoxic potential against human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 using MTT assay. Structure elucidation of the isolated active compound was carried out by extensive spectroscopic analysis including (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, NOESY, COSY, LC-MS and IR. Results: The isolated active molecule was identified as phenanthrene derivative 9,10-dihydro-2,5-dimethoxyphenanthrene-1,7-diol. This compound showed good antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (91\%) and MDA-MB-231 (85\%) at 1000 mu g/ml concentration. Conclusion: 9,10-Dihydro-2,5-dimethoxyphenanthrene-1,7-diol from Eulophia nuda tubers showed good growth suppressive effect against human cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 making it a potential biomolecule against human cancer. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Cytotoxic activity, Eulophia nuda, Phenanthrene derivatives},
	issn = {0378-8741},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jep.2009.12.031},
	author = {Shriram, Varsha and Kumar, Vinay and Kishor, P. B. Kavi and Suryawanshi, Sharad B. and Upadhyay, Ankur K. and Bhat, Manoj K.}
}
@article { ISI:000302573400003,
	title = {Cloning, characterization and impact of up- and down-regulating subabul cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) gene on plant growth and lignin profiles in transgenic tobacco},
	journal = {Plant Growth Regulation},
	volume = {66},
	number = {3},
	year = {2012},
	month = {APR},
	pages = {239-253},
	publisher = {SPRINGER},
	address = {VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>Both cDNA including 5{\textquoteright}UTR and 3{\textquoteright}UTR and genomic clones of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) were isolated and characterized from a pulp-yielding leguminous tree Leucaena leucocephala (LlCAD1). The deduced amino acid sequence shared high identity with orthologous sequences of Acacia mangium x Acacia auriculiformis (83\%), Medicago sativa (83\%), Nicotiana tabaccum (83\%) and Aralia cordata (81\%). Full length cDNA contained 78 bases of 5{\textquoteright}UTR and 283 bases of 3{\textquoteright}UTR, while the genomic clone contained 5 exons and 4 introns. Western blot analysis revealed elevated expression of LlCAD1 in seedling roots and shoots compared to leaves. Sense and antisense CAD tobacco transgenics showed increased and reduced CAD activity accompanied by a change in monomeric lignin composition. Histochemical staining of lignin in down-regulated plants suggested an increase in aldehyde units and a decrease in S/G ratio. Down-regulation of CAD resulted in accumulation of syringic, ferulic, p-coumaric and sinapic acids compared to untransformed controls. These observations were validated by anatomical studies of down-regulated transgenic stems which showed thin walled, elongated phloem and xylem fibres, accompanied by a reduction in the density of vessel elements and amount of secondary xylem when compared to untransformed plants. Furthermore, Klason lignin analysis of CAD antisense transgenics showed 7-32\% reduced lignin and normal phenotype as compared to untransformed plants. Such a reduction was not noticed in up-regulated transgenics. These results demonstrate a unique opportunity to explore the significant role that down-regulation of CAD gene plays in reducing lignin content thereby offering potential benefits to the pulp and paper industry.</p>},
	keywords = {Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, Lignin down-regulation, Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala), Tobacco},
	issn = {0167-6903},
	doi = {10.1007/s10725-011-9647-1},
	author = {Sirisha, V. L. and Prashant, S. and Kumar, D. Ranadheer and Pramod, S. and Jalaja, N. and Kumari, P. Hima and Rao, P. Maheshwari and Rao, S. Nageswara and Mishra, Preeti and Karumanchi, S. Rao and Khan, Bashir Mohammad and Kishor, P. B. Kavi}
}
