@article { ISI:000284342100003,
	title = {Adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solution by alumina of alkoxide nature: batch and continuous operation},
	journal = {Desalination},
	volume = {264},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {DEC},
	pages = {15-23},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>In this investigation, we report the adsorption potential of alkoxide origin alumina for defluoridation of drinking water using batch and continuous mode of operations. The effects of different operating parameters such as adsorbent dose, initial fluoride concentration, pH of the solution and interfering ions (usually present in groundwater) were studied with a view to understand the adsorption behavior of the material under various conditions. A thermodynamic study shows that the adsorption of fluoride by alkoxide origin alumina is an exothermic and spontaneous process. The kinetic results showed that the fluoride sorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. The applicability of adsorbent in the field is also tested through column breakthrough studies. It has been observed that with an increase in the flow rate and initial fluoride concentration, the breakthrough curve becomes sharper and the breakthrough time and adsorbed fluoride ion concentration decrease. The breakthrough curve also becomes steeper as the bed height increases. The alkoxide origin alumina based adsorbent media can be used directly for field applications since it is also commercially available in granular form. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {Adsorption, Alkoxide alumina, Breakthrough studies, Fluoride, Kinetic modeling},
	issn = {0011-9164},
	doi = {10.1016/j.desal.2010.07.001},
	author = {Kamble, Sanjay P. and Deshpande, Gunavant and Barve, Prashant P. and Rayalu, Sadhana and Labhsetwar, Nitin K. and Malyshew, Alexander and Kulkarni, Bhaskar D.}
}
@article { ISI:000323644600046,
	title = {Defluoridation of drinking water using pural (R) MG-20 mixed hydroxide adsorbent},
	journal = {Water Air and Soil Pollution},
	volume = {224},
	number = {9},
	year = {2013},
	month = {SEP},
	pages = {1727},
	publisher = {SPRINGER},
	address = {VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>The potential ofmixed alumina-magnesia hydroxide adsorbent (PURAL (R) MG-20) for defluoridation of drinking water using batch and continuous mode of operations has been reported in the present article. Systematic adsorption experiments were carried out to elucidate the effects of different process parameters such as adsorbent dose, initial fluoride concentration, pH of the solution and effect of other ions (usually present in groundwater). These studies were aimed to understand the adsorption behaviour of the PURAL (R) MG-20 adsorbents. Fluoride adsorption by PURAL (R) MG-20 sorbent was found pH dependent. Maximum fluoride removal efficiency was observed in the range of pH 5-7. Langmuir isotherm described the data better than Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models and the adsorption capacity was found to be 5.62 mg g(-1) at initial fluoride concentration of 5.13 mg L-1, pH 7 and contact time 24 h. The kinetic result shows that the fluoride sorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. Column breakthrough studies were performed to test the performance of the adsorbent media at continuous mode of operation. Thus, it can be concluded that PURAL (R) MG-20 adsorbent can be used directly for field applications since it shows high fluoride uptake capacity under simulated drinking water conditions and it is also commercially available.</p>},
	keywords = {Breakthrough studies, Defluoridation of drinking water, Kinetic modelling, Mixed hydroxide adsorbent},
	issn = {0049-6979},
	doi = {10.1007/s11270-013-1727-6},
	author = {Patankar, Gaurang V. and Tambe, Amruta S. and Kulkarni, Bhaskar D. and Malyshew, Alexander and Kamble, Sanjay P.}
}
