@article { ISI:000232801900001,
	title = {Characterization of barium titanate: BaTiO3 (BT) ceramics prepared from sol-gel derived BT powders},
	journal = {Journal of Electroceramics},
	volume = {15},
	number = {2},
	year = {2005},
	month = {NOV},
	pages = {103-108},
	publisher = {SPRINGER},
	type = {Article},
	address = {VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>Sol-gel synthesis was attempted at room temperature by adding drop wise a clear solution (made by reacting BaCO3 with glacial acetic acid) to an equi-molar solution of titanium tetrabutoxide in isopropanol (IPA) and acetic acid. The gelation occurred within 30 minutes. The as-dried gel was calcined at 750 degrees C/6 h in air to obtain carbon free BaTiO3 powders. The resulting BT powders were further pressed into pellets and sintered at 1280 degrees C/4 h in air to get dense ceramics (density similar to 94\%). XRD and SEM techniques were used for phase and microstructure analysis respectively. The room temperature relative permittivity (e) of 1280 increased to 7200 (at Curie temperature of 127 degrees C) at 1 kHz frequency. The dissipation factor (tan delta) similar to 1.6\% was observed in these samples. Also, the ferroelectric properties such as spontaneous polarization (Ps similar to 13 mu C/cm(2)), coercive field (E-c similar to 4.0 kV/cm) and dielectric strength (similar to 34 kV/cm) are estimated for these samples. These performance parameters are compared with the available standard data from the literature.</p>},
	keywords = {barium titanate, ferroelectricity, Microstructure, relative permittivity, sol-gel processing},
	issn = {1385-3449},
	doi = {10.1007/s10832-005-1460-7},
	author = {Deshpande, S. B. and Godbole, P. D. and Khollam, Y. B. and Potdar, H. S.}
}
@article { ISI:000227550500009,
	title = {Co-precipitation method for the preparation of nanocrystalline ferroelectric SrBi2Nb2O9 ceramics},
	journal = {Journal of Electroceramics},
	volume = {14},
	number = {1},
	year = {2005},
	month = {JAN},
	pages = {83-87},
	publisher = {SPRINGER},
	type = {Article},
	address = {VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>A simple co-precipitation technique had been successfully applied for the preparation of pure ultrafine single phase SrBi2Nb2O9. Ammonium hydroxide and ammonium oxalate were used to precipitate Sr2+, Bi3+ and Nb5+ cations simultaneously. No pyrochlore phase was found while heating powder at 850 C and pure SrBi2Nb2O9 (SBN) phase was formed as revealed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. Particle size and morphology was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The room temperature dielectric constant at 1 kHz is 100. The ferroelectric hysteresis loop parameters of these samples were also studied.</p>},
	keywords = {Ceramics, Chemical synthesis, electronic materials, ferroelectricity, Oxides},
	issn = {1385-3449},
	doi = {10.1007/s10832-005-6588-y},
	author = {Gaikwad, S. P. and Dhage, S. R. and Potdar, H. S. and Samuel, V. and Ravi, V.}
}
