@article { ISI:000277822200012, title = {Thermodynamic analysis of dry autothermal reforming of glycerol}, journal = {Fuel Processing Technology}, volume = {91}, number = {5}, year = {2010}, month = {MAY}, pages = {520-530}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV}, address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS}, abstract = {

{Dry autothermal reforming of glycerol uses a combination of dry (CO(2)) reforming and partial oxidation reactions to produce syngas rich product stream. Thermodynamic equilibrium data for dry autothermal reforming of glycerol was generated for temperature range 600-1000 K . 1 bar pressure, OCGR [feed O(2)/C (C of glycerol only) ratio] 0.1 to 0.5 and CGR [feed CO(2)/glycerol ratio] 1 to 5 and analyzed. The objective of the paper is to identify the thermodynamic domain of the process operation, study the variation of product distribution pattern and describe the optimum conditions to maximize yield of the desired product and minimize the undesired product formation. Higher OCGR and higher CGR yielded a syngas ratio (similar to 1), with lower carbon and methane formation, while lower CGR and lower OCGR yielded good hydrogen and total hydrogen, with low water and CO2 production. The best thermoneutral condition for DATR of glycerol operation was seen at a temperature of 926.31 K at 1 bar pressure

}, keywords = {CO(2) reforming, Dry reforming, Glycerol reforming, Syngas production, Thermodynamic modeling}, issn = {0378-3820}, doi = {10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.12.015}, author = {Kale, Ganesh R. and Kulkarni, Bhaskar D.} } @article { ISI:000279737500056, title = {Thermodynamic study of combining chemical looping combustion and combined reforming of propane}, journal = {Fuel}, volume = {89}, number = {10}, year = {2010}, month = {OCT}, pages = {3141-3146}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCI LTD}, address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND}, abstract = {

Existing energy generation technologies emit CO(2) gas and are posing a serious problem of global warming and climate change. The thermodynamic feasibility of a new process scheme combining chemical looping combustion (CLC) and combined reforming (CR) of propane (LPG) is studied in this paper. The study of CLC of propane with CaSO(4) as oxygen carrier shows thermodynamic feasibility in temperature range (400-782.95 degrees C) at 1 bar pressure. The CO(2) generated in the CLC can be used for combined reforming of propane in an autothermal way within the temperature range (400-1000 degrees C) at 1 bar pressure to generate syngas of ratio 3.0 (above 600 degrees C) which is extremely desirable for petrochemical manufacture. The process scheme generates (a) huge thermal energy in CLC that can be used for various processes, (b) pure N(2) and syngas rich streams can be used for petrochemical manufacture and (c) takes care of the expensive CO(2) separation from flue gas stream and CO(2) sequestration. The thermoneutral temperature (TNP) of 702.12 degrees C yielding maximum syngas of 5.98 mol per mole propane fed, of syngas ratio 1.73 with negligible methane and carbon formation was identified as the best condition for the CR reactor operation. The process can be used for different fuels and oxygen carriers. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {Chemical looping combustion, CLC, CO(2) utilization, Energy generation}, issn = {0016-2361}, doi = {10.1016/j.fuel.2010.05.029}, author = {Kale, Ganesh R. and Kulkarni, Bhaskar D. and Joshi, Ajit R.} } @article { ISI:000285819500015, title = {Thermoneutral point analysis of ethanol dry autothermal reforming}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Journal}, volume = {165}, number = {3}, year = {2010}, month = {DEC}, pages = {864-873}, publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA}, address = {PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND}, abstract = {

{Dry autothermal reforming of ethanol can be used to produce a variety of value added products like hydrogen, syngas and also carbon (possible CNF). A thermodynamic analysis of dry autothermal reforming of ethanol has been carried out to locate the thermoneutral temperatures and product composition at those points at 1, 3, 6 and 9 bar reaction pressures. The variations of thermoneutral temperatures and individual product yields at those temperatures have been discussed to find the optimum operating parameters for desired product output from the process. The process operated at thermoneutral conditions can give useful products like hydrogen, syngas (of low ratio) and carbon (possibly CNFs) and also provide a way for CO2 sequestration using renewable ethanol fuel. A maximum of 2.58 moles of syngas of ratio 2.01 obtained at 1 bar

}, keywords = {CO2 utilization, Dry autothermal reforming, Ethanol reforming, Thermoneutral}, issn = {1385-8947}, doi = {10.1016/j.cej.2010.10.033}, author = {Kale, Ganesh R. and Kulkarni, Bhaskar D.} } @article { ISI:000334306500004, title = {Thermoneutral conditions in dry reforming of ethanol}, journal = {Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering}, volume = {9}, number = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {MAR}, pages = {196-204}, publisher = {WILEY-BLACKWELL}, address = {111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}, abstract = {

The reaction enthalpy (Delta H) of reforming processes like steam and dry (CO2) reforming is of great importance for scale-up and process development. Generally, the reforming processes are considered endothermic in nature. However, a detailed study of the reaction enthalpy of reforming process, taking the example of dry reforming of ethanol considered in this study, reveals the existence of exothermic reaction enthalpy at low temperatures. A study of reaction enthalpy of ethanol dry reforming within pressure (1-10 bar), temperature range (300-900 degrees C), and CO2 to carbon in ethanol ratio (CCER 1-5) was initiated to determine the existence of thermoneutral temperatures for the overall reaction. The variation of thermoneutral conditions and product yields at the thermoneutral temperatures was studied. The utilization potential of the products generated at thermoneutral conditions was also evaluated. The low-pressure thermoneutral operation favored higher hydrogen production, lower methane and water formation, whereas the high-pressure thermoneutral operation favored product gas of lower syngas ratio with higher CO2 conversion (utilization) in the process. The study can be extended to steam and dry reforming of other fuels to generate valuable products at thermoneutral conditions avoiding use of air in the process and subsequent N-2 dilution of the product gas. (c) 2013 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.

}, keywords = {carbon nanofilaments, CO2 utilization, Dry reforming, ethanol to syngas, thermoneutral process}, issn = {1932-2135}, doi = {10.1002/apj.1759}, author = {Kale, Ganesh R. and Kulkarni, Bhaskar D.} }