@article { ISI:000238491100062,
	title = {Effect of calcination cycles on the preparation of tin oxide based traditional drug: studies on its formation and characterization},
	journal = {Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis},
	volume = {41},
	number = {4},
	year = {2006},
	month = {JUN},
	pages = {1473-1478},
	publisher = {PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD},
	type = {Article},
	address = {THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND},
	abstract = {<p>The preparation method of metal based Indian traditional drugs involves conversion of a pure metal into its oxide by repeated high temperature calcination cycles. In this work, the effect of number of calcination cycles followed in the preparation of tin oxide based Ayurvedic drug, {\textquoteleft}vanga bhasma{\textquoteright} was studied by a systematic characterization of the drug samples after various calcination stages. It was found that tin was in the form of Sn4+ state and that the formation of SnO2 proceeded step-wise through Sn(OH)(4). (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {calcination cycles, Oxidation, oxidation state of tin, Particle size, tin oxide, vanga bhasma},
	issn = {0731-7085},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpba.2006.03.032},
	author = {Wadekar, M. P. and Rode, C. V. and Bendale, Y. N. and Patil, K. R. and Gaikwad, A. B. and Prabhune, Asmita}
}
@article { ISI:000250026200021,
	title = {Synthesis of tinidazole by condensation-oxidation sequence using MoO3/SiO2 bifunctional catalyst},
	journal = {Catalysis Communications},
	volume = {8},
	number = {10},
	year = {2007},
	month = {OCT},
	pages = {1550-1555},
	publisher = {ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV},
	type = {Article},
	address = {PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS},
	abstract = {<p>Antimicrobial drug, tinidazole has been synthesized by condensation of 2-methyl,5-nitro-imidazole and 2-ethyl-thio-ethanol over MoO3/SiO2 catalyst to obtain 1-(2-ethyl-thio-ethanol)-2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole which is further oxidized using hydrogen peroxide using the same MoO3/SiO2 catalyst to obtain tinidazole. MoO3/SiO2 catalyst (20\%), synthesized by sol-gel process showed the highest acid strength and was successfully demonstrated to catalyze both condensation and oxidation in the synthesis of tinidazole. Due to the bifunctional activity of the catalyst, the use of acetic acid for condensation step and tungstic acid or ammonium molybdate for oxidation step in the conventional synthesis of tinidazole could be eliminated, thus making it an environmentally benign process. The catalysts could be recycled five times without any appreciable loss in the conversion and selectivity showing the potential for. the use of MoO3/SiO2 as bifunctional catalyst for the production of this industrially important compound. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>},
	keywords = {antimicrobial drug, condensation, MoO3/SiO2, Oxidation, solid acid catalyst, tinidazole},
	issn = {1566-7367},
	doi = {10.1016/j.catcom.2007.01.001},
	author = {Chandorkar, J. G. and Shubhangi B. Umbarkar and Rode, C. V. and Kotwal, V. B. and Dongare, Mohan K.}
}
