@article {48314,
	title = {Highly interconnected porous monolithic and beaded polymers using high internal phase emulsion polymerization: tuning porous architecture through synthesis variables},
	journal = {Polymer International},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2023},
	month = {APR},
	pages = {451-466},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>
	Open porous polymeric materials have gained popularity due to their exceptional properties and applications in tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery, enzyme immobilization and catalysis support. This study developed a novel two-stage approach to create networked, crosslinked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-N,N{\textquoteright}-methylenebisacrylamide) HEMA-MBA beads. The first part involves producing an oil-in-water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion (HIPE). This is followed by suspension polymerization using a redox initiator pair. In this study, a mixed surfactant combination with low and high hydrophilicity-lipophilicity balance surfactants was identified and successfully utilized to prepare a stable oil-in-water-in-oil HIPE. The effect of crosslinker concentration (i.e. crosslink density), surfactant concentration and monomer-to-porogen ratio on pore architecture and surface area were successfully evaluated. In addition, a new protocol was developed to synthesize HEMA-MBA monoliths using an oil-in-water HIPE method at ambient temperature using a redox initiator pair. The effect of crosslink density and oil phase on pore architecture and surface area was evaluated. Key variables affecting the morphology of porous HEMA-MBA beads and monoliths were identified and quantified, allowing future development of porous HEMA-based polymer beads and monoliths with tunable morphologies which are suitable for numerous applications, especially in the biomedical field. (c) 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.</p>
},
	keywords = {HIPE polymerization, porosity, porous polymers, redox polymerization, Suspension polymerization},
	issn = {0959-8103},
	doi = {10.1002/pi.6489},
	author = {Ponrathnam, Timothy and Behere, Isha and Ponrathnam, Surendra and Ingavle, Ganesh}
}
