@article {48054,
	title = {Integrated chemo and bio-catalyzed synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid from fructose derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural},
	journal = {Biomass \& Bioenergy},
	volume = {161},
	year = {2022},
	month = {JUN},
	pages = {106474},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>
	Biomass being a renewable source of energy, has emerged as an attractive target for manufacturing valuable products. These possibilities can be explored to meet the current need for degradable plastic, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). Integration of chemical and biological approaches for direct biomass conversion into FDCA was evaluated in this study. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) was chemo-catalytically obtained from fructose using recyclable amberlyte IR-120 as a catalyst with \&gt;98\% purity. Klebsiella oxytoca NCIM 2694 bacterial strain showed the potential of converting 98\% of 5-HMF into FDCA with 58\% selectivity at 96 h. With optimized conditions of pH 7, 37 degrees C, 2 g whole cells, we reported 99\% 5-HMF conversion to FDCA with 95\% selectivity at 72 h and 2667 mg L-1 yield, with 39 mg L-1 h-1 productivity. This is the highest yield obtained with the substrate concentration as high as 3000 mg L-1 reported till date. While the bacterial tolerance to 5-HMF observed was for the highest 5-HMF concentration of 4000 mg L-1, with 99\% conversion however, compromising the FDCA yield to 2447 mg L-1 and 32 mg L-1 h-1 productivity. Atom economy of 85\% and E factor of 17.71 g g-1 was obtained as a measure of its efficiency and sustainability of the process. The developed process will decrease the cost by excluding any extra nutrient supplement, complete substrate utilization, highest FDCA selectivity/productivity and higher tolerance by K. oxytoca, sequentially catalyzing the oxidations by a single route for FDCA synthesis from renewables.</p>
},
	keywords = {biocatalysis, Biodegradable polyester, Biomass, Platform chemical, Sustainability metrics},
	issn = {0961-9534},
	doi = {10.1016/j.biombioe.2022.106474},
	author = {Parate, Roopa D. and Dharne, Mahesh S. and Rode, V. Chandrashekhar}
}
