@article {44462,
	title = {Efforts to access the potent antitrypanosomal marine natural product janadolide: synthesis of des- tert -butyl janadolide and its biological evaluation},
	journal = {ACS Omega},
	year = {2018},
	month = {FEB},
	abstract = {To identify novel antitrypanosomal agents based on Janadolide, a potent macrocyclic polyketide{\textendash}peptide hybrid, a macrolactonization strategy was explored. We prepared des-tert-butyl Janadolide and evaluated its antitrypanosomal activity. Our findings suggest that the tert-butyl group is necessary for the desired bioactivity.},
	doi = {10.1021/acsomega.7b01920},
	author = {Athawale, Paresh R. and Jachak, Gorakh and Shukla, Anurag and Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran and Reddy, Srinivasa}
}
@article {45352,
	title = {Evaluating antimalarial efficacy by tracking glycolysis in Plasmodium falciparum using NMR spectroscopy},
	journal = {Scientific Reports},
	volume = { 8},
	year = {2018},
	month = {DEC},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Glucose is an essential nutrient for Plasmodium falciparum and robust glycolytic activity is indicative of viable parasites. Using NMR spectroscopy, we show that P. falciparum infected erythrocytes consume similar to 20 times more glucose, and trophozoites metabolize similar to 6 times more glucose than ring stage parasites. The glycolytic activity, and hence parasite viability, can be measured within a period of 2 h to 5 h, using this method. This facilitates antimalarial bioactivity screening on ring and trophozoite stage parasites, exclusively. We demonstrate this using potent and mechanistically distinct antimalarial compounds such as chloroquine, atovaquone, cladosporin, DDD107498 and artemisinin. Our findings indicate that ring stage parasites are inherently more tolerant to antimalarial inhibitors, a feature which may facilitate emergence of drug resistance. Thus, there is a need to discover novel antimalarial compounds, which are potent and fast acting against ring stage parasites. The NMR method reported here can facilitate the identification of such molecules.},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-36197-3},
	author = {Shivapurkar, Rupali and Hingamire, Tejashri and Kulkarni, Akshay S. and Rajamohanan,  P.  R. and Reddy, D. Srinivasa and Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran}
}
@article {48348,
	title = {Engineering nucleotide sugar synthesis pathways for independent and simultaneous modulation of N-glycan galactosylation and fucosylation in CHO cells},
	journal = {Metabolic Engineering},
	volume = {74},
	year = {2022},
	month = {NOV},
	pages = {61-71},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>
	Glycosylation of recombinant therapeutics like monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is a critical quality attribute. N-glycans in mAbs are known to affect various effector functions, and thereby therapeutic use of such glycoproteins can depend on a particular glycoform profile to achieve desired efficacy. However, there are currently limited options for modulating the glycoform profile, which depend mainly on over-expression or knock-out of glyco-syltransferase enzymes that can introduce or eliminate specific glycans but do not allow predictable glycoform modulation over a range of values. In this study, we demonstrate the ability to predictably modulate the gly-coform profile of recombinant IgG. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we have engineered nucleotide sugar synthesis pathways in CHO cells expressing recombinant IgG for combinatorial modulation of galactosylation and fucosylation. Knocking out the enzymes UDP-galactose 4 {\textquoteleft}-epimerase (Gale) and GDP-L-fucose synthase (Fx) resulted in ablation of de novo synthesis of UDP-Gal and GDP-Fuc. With Gale knock-out, the array of N-glycans on recom-binantly expressed IgG is narrowed to agalactosylated glycans, mainly A2F glycan (89\%). In the Gale and Fx double knock-out cell line, agalactosylated and afucosylated A2 glycan is predominant (88\%). In the double knock-out cell line, galactosylation and fucosylation was entirely dependent on the salvage pathway, which allowed for modulation of UDP-Gal and GDP-Fuc synthesis and intracellular nucleotide sugar availability by controlling the availability of extracellular galactose and fucose. We demonstrate that the glycoform profile of recombinant IgG can be modulated from containing predominantly agalactosylated and afucosylated glycans to up to 42\% and 96\% galactosylation and fucosylation, respectively, by extracellular feeding of sugars in a dose-dependent manner. By simply varying the availability of extracellular galactose and/or fucose, galactosylation and fucosylation levels can be simultaneously and independently modulated. In addition to achieving the pro-duction of tailored glycoforms, this engineered CHO host platform can cater to the rapid synthesis of variably glycoengineered proteins for evaluation of biological activity.</p>
},
	keywords = {Antibody, Cell engineering, Fucosylation, Fx, Galactosylation, Gale, glycosylation, Nucleotide sugar synthesis, Recombinant therapeutics},
	issn = {1096-7176},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ymben.2022.09.003},
	author = {Prabhu, Anuja and Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran and Gadgil, Mugdha}
}
@article {49893,
	title = {Expanding the Egbenema horizon: Novel species discovery in India and first complete genome assembly of the genus},
	journal = {Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts},
	volume = {90},
	year = {2025},
	month = {AUG},
	pages = {104256},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {<p>
	The recognition of Egbenema bharatensis, a novel species of cyanobacteria from the Northern Western Ghats, extends the ecological and phylogenetic understanding of the genus Egbenema and highlights terrestrial microbial diversity of the region. Morphological characterization revealed resemblance with other Egbenema species but was inconclusive for definitive taxonomic classification. Preliminary phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated affiliation with the genus but showed less than 98 \% similarity to known species, pointing toward taxonomic distinctiveness. Analysis of the 16S-ITS region further supported this differentiation, revealing unique secondary structural features. Based on these findings, we propose the isolate as a novel species within Egbenema. Whole-genome sequencing provided full resolution and functional genome annotation revealed nitrogen fixation, cobalamin biosynthesis, and stress tolerance pathways, suggesting its metabolic versatility and potential biotechnological applications. The presence of multiple toxin-antitoxin systems also reflects its adaptability to environmental fluctuation. This study also presents the first complete genome of the genus Egbenema, filling a significant gap in cyanobacterial genomic resources. These findings encourage integrative taxonomic practices and affirm the significance of exploring biodiversity hotspots for uncovering cryptic microbial diversity with ecological and industrial potential.</p>
},
	keywords = {16S rRNA, Biodiversity hotspots, Cyanobacteria, Egbenema bharatensis, ITS secondary structure, Northern Western Ghats, whole-genome sequencing},
	issn = {2211-9264},
	doi = {10.1016/j.algal.2025.104256},
	author = {Bhagat, Jayesh M. and Khilari, Ajinkya A. and Shanmugam, Dhanasekaran and Patankar, Meena}
}
